The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Supercritical CO2 extraction of γ-linolenic acid (GLA) from Spirulina platensis ARM 740 using response surface methodology
Abstract
Spirulina platensis, a blue-green algae, is a potential source of the nutraceutical, γ-linolenic acid (GLA). The present work reports on recovery of GLA from S. platensis ARM 740 by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SCE) in comparison with conventional solvent extraction. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the operating conditions for high recovery of GLA by SCE. The levels studied were a pressure range between 100 and 500 bars, a time period between 26 min and 94 min and an ethanol level of 9.64-16.4 ml ethanol/16 g of freeze-dried biomass. The use of ethanol as a co-solvent with CO2 considerably increased the GLA yields compared to SCE. A recovery of 102% GLA in the supercritical extract (as compared to Bligh and Dyer extraction) was obtained in 1 h using a minimum of 13.7 ml of ethanol as co-solvent per 16 g of biomass, a temperature of 40 °C and a pressure of 400 bars. Supercritical CO2 with a co-solvent is therefore recommended as a better option to the conventional solvents for the complete recovery of GLA from S. platensis.
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In the citing paper
“Supercritical fluid extraction is an advanced technique that has recently been applied for extraction of biologically active products from microalgae under laboratory conditions [26,27,28,29,30].”
In the citing paper
“Our results were similar to those reported by Sajilata et al. [27] and Mendes et al. [29], in which introducing ethanol as a co-solvent increased the partitioning of GLA into the galactolipids fraction.”
In the citing paper
“The optimal temperature identified in this study was the same as that reported by Sajilata et al. [27].”
In the citing paper
“Previous studies addressed the effect of operational variables (e.g., temperature, pressure, CO2, and co-solvent consumption) on extraction efficiency of GLA [27,28,29,30,32,33,34], but the extraction efficiency remained relatively low (25–78%).”
Citations
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1 of the 17 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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Extraction of oil from microalgae for biodiesel production: A review
Halim, R., Danquah, M. K., & Webley, P. A. (2012) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.01.001 · Cited by 1,043
Supercritical fluid extraction: Recent advances and applications
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Oil extraction from microalgae for biodiesel production
Halim, R., Gladman, B., Danquah, M. K., & Webley, P. A. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.136 · Cited by 683
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Rizwan, M., Mujtaba, G., Memon, S. A., Lee, K., & Rashid, N. (2018) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.034 · Cited by 578
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sajilata, M. G., Singhal, R. S., & Kamat, M. Y.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Chemical Technology (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Singhal, Rekha S.
- ORCID
- Singhal, Rekha S.
- Venue
- Journal of Food Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 321-326
- ISSN
- 0260-8774 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1977643005
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Food Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Keywords
- gamma-linolenic acid, Spirulina platensis, supercritical CO2 extraction, ethanol co-solvent, extraction optimization, nutraceuticals, extraction pressure, extraction time
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