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New estimates of tooth mark and percussion mark frequencies at the FLK Zinj site: the carnivore-hominid-carnivore hypothesis falsified

Domínguez-Rodrigo, M., Barba, R.·2006·Journal of Human Evolution
DOI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.09.005
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Abstract

Traditional interpretations of hominid carcass acquisition strategies revolve around the debate over whether early hominids hunted or scavenged. A popular version of the scavenging scenario is the carnivore-hominid-carnivore hypothesis, which argues that hominids acquired animal resources primarily through passive opportunistic scavenging from felid-defleshed carcasses. Its main empirical support comes from the analysis of tooth mark frequency and distribution at the FLK Zinj site reported by Blumenschine (Blumenschine, 1995, J. Hum. Evol. 29, 21-51), in which it was shown that long bone mid-shafts exhibited a high frequency of tooth marks, only explainable if felids had preceded hominids in carcass defleshing. The present work shows that previous estimates of tooth marks on the FLK Zinj assemblage were artificially high, since natural biochemical marks were mistaken for tooth marks. Revised estimates are similar to those obtained in experiments in which hyenas intervene after humans in bone modification. Furthermore, analyses of percussion marks, notches, and breakage patterns provide data which are best interpreted as the results of hominid activity (hammerstone percussion and marrow extraction), based on experimentally-derived referential frameworks. These multiple lines of evidence support previous analyses of cut marks and their anatomical distribution; all indicate that hominids had early access to fleshed carcasses that were transported, processed, and accumulated at t…

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  • Carnivore teeth produce traces with characteristically U-shaped profiles when viewed in cross-section, which are wider and shallower than cut marks, making them easily distinguishable from human modifications.

    “Carnivore teeth produce traces with characteristically “U” shaped profiles when viewed in cross-section and which are wider and shallower than cut marks, making them easily distinguishable from human modifications (see below) [44, 51, 52].”

    From Earliest Human Presence in North America Dated to the Last Glacial Maximum: New Radiocarbon Dates from Bluefish Caves, Canada (2017) · cites this paper as [51]

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Authors
Domínguez-Rodrigo, M., & Barba, R.
Venue
Journal of Human Evolution
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-02
Volume
50
Issue
2
Pages
170-194
ISSN
0047-2484
DOI
10.1016/j.jhevol.2005.09.005
Cited by
288
References
0
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

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