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Prebiotics from acorn and sago prevent high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance via microbiome–gut–brain axis modulation
Open accessAbstract
Role of gut microbiome in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) became apparent from several independent studies indicating that gut microbiome modulators like prebiotics may improve microbiome perturbations (dysbiosis) to ameliorate metabolic derangements. We herein isolate water soluble, nondigestible polysaccharides from five plant-based foods (acorn, quinoa, sunflower, pumpkin seeds and sago) and assess their impact on human fecal microbiome and amelioration of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity/T2D in mice. During polysaccharide isolation, purification, biochemical and digestion resistance characterization, and fermentation pattern by human fecal microbiome, we select acorn- and sago-derived prebiotics (on the basis of relatively higher purity and yield and lower protein contamination) and examine their effects in comparison to inulin. Prebiotics treatments in human fecal microbiome culture system not only preserve microbial diversity but also appear to foster beneficial bacteria and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Feeding of acorn- and sago-derived prebiotics ameliorates HFD-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in mice, with effects comparatively superior to those seen in inulin-fed mice. Feeding of both of novel prebiotics as well as inulin increases SCFAs levels in the mouse gut. Interestingly, gut hyperpermeability and mucosal inflammatory markers were significantly reduced upon prebiotics feeding in HFD-fed mice. Hypothalamic energy signaling in terms of increased expression of pro-opiomelanocortin was also modulated by prebiotics administration. Results demonstrate that these (and/or such) novel prebiotics can ameliorate HFD-induced defects in glucose metabolism via positive modulation of gut-microbiome-brain axis and hence could be useful in preventing/treating diet-induced obesity/T2D.
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“Studies in rodents show that the administration of prebiotics that influences a shift in the gut microbiome toward increased production of butyrate has beneficial effects associated with higher levels of GLP-1 (193–195), as well as hypothalamic expression of pro-opiomelanocortin (196), thereby influencing the hunger-satiety cycle.”
From The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids From Gut Microbiota in Gut-Brain Communication (2020) · cites this paper as [196]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ahmadi, S., Nagpal, R., Wang, S., Gagliano, J., Kitzman, D. W., Soleimanian-Zad, S., Sheikh-Zeinoddin, M., Read, R., & Yadav, H.
- Affiliations
- Isfahan University of Technology (IR)
- Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist (US)
- Forsyth Technical Community College (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yadav, Hariom
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 67
- Pages
- 1-13
- ISSN
- 0955-2863 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6520164
- OpenAlex
- W2912702610
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 12.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Center for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Kermit Glenn Phillips II Chair in Cardiovascular Medicine
- Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Center (P30AG12232)
- Clinical and Translational Science Center (R01AG18915, UL1TR001420)
- Department of Defense’s Discovery Award (W81XWH-18-1-0118)
- Iran National Science Foundation (96001117)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- prebiotics, high-fat diet, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, gut microbiota, microbiome-gut-brain axis, short-chain fatty acids, impaired glucose tolerance, intestinal permeability, mucosal inflammation, proopiomelanocortin, inulin, plant-based foods
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Brain, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Feces, Humans, Hypothalamus, Insulin Resistance, Inulin, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Obesity, Polysaccharides, Seeds, Arecaceae, Quercus, Prebiotics, Diet, High-Fat, Dysbiosis
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