Cardiovascular impact of the pediatric obesity epidemic: Higher left ventricular mass is related to higher body mass index
Abstract
Objective To compare secular changes in body mass index (BMI) and left ventricular mass (LVM) in today's children versus children of a generation earlier. Study design All healthy patients aged 2 to 19 years who underwent echocardiography at a single US academic medical center in 1986 to 1989 (prior era) and 2008 (current era) were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. BMI, BMI z score, LVM indexed to height (LVMI), LVM z score, and relative wall thickness were calculated. Cardiac geometries were assigned based on LVM z score and relative wall thickness and classified as normal, concentric hypertrophy, eccentric hypertrophy, or concentric remodeling. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of LVMI. Results There were 350 subjects in the prior era and 350 age- and sex-matched subjects in the current era. Mean BMI and LVMI were both significantly higher in the current era than in the prior era (BMI, 19.9 ± 5.6 kg/m(2) vs 18.1 ± 3.8 kg/m(2), P = .0004; LVMI, 32.7 ± 7.8 g/m(2.7) vs 31.5 ± 8.1 g/m(2.7); P = .02). Determinants of LVMI in both eras were BMI z score, younger age, male sex, and African-American race. Conclusions Today's children have higher BMI, LVMI, and predicted cardiovascular risk than their counterparts a generation earlier. Reversal of these trends is needed, and intervention is required.
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Hypertension and obesity in childhood result in poor cardiovascular outcomes with age.
“Many groups have established that hypertension and obesity in childhood result in poor cardiovascular outcomes with age [23,24,25,26,27].”
From Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [23]
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Adverse Outcomes in Pediatric Hypertension
Daniels, S. R. (2017) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09784 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
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Silva, C., Correia-Costa, A., Moura, C. C., Mota, C., Guerra, A., Areias, J. C., Schaefer, F. S., Afonso, A. C., Wühl, E., Azevedo, A., et al. (2023) · Brazilian Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2022-0138en · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Perioperative considerations in anesthesia for pediatric bariatric procedures
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Predictors of carotid intima media thickness in obese adolescents
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Thinking Beyond the Playing Field
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Obesity and left ventricular mass in children
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Obesity, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases
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Cardiometabolic and Cardiovascular Complications of Obesity in Children
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Anesthesia Considerations for Adolescent Bariatric Surgery
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APTIDÃO FÍSICA, SAÚDE MENTAL E NUTRIÇÃO NO ADOLESCENTE
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Echocardiography in the Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk
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Self-citationOBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS – HEALTH EFFECTS, METHODS OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
Gurskii, V., Matusz, K., Skadorva, N., Kuc, D., Ruciński, K., Bera, Z., Misiuvianets, D., Mengesha, S. H., Skwarek, P., Bohdzel, M., et al. (2026) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.3(51).2026.6660
- Authors
- Crowley, D. I., Khoury, P. R., Urbina, E. M., Ippisch, H. M., & Kimball, T. R.
- Affiliations
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Pediatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-05
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 709-714.e1
- ISSN
- 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1987211241
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000077)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- childhood obesity, left ventricular mass, body mass index, left ventricular hypertrophy, concentric remodeling, relative wall thickness, secular trends, cardiovascular risk, children, echocardiography, African American children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Echocardiography, Female, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Male, Obesity, Ohio, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Prevalence, Ventricular Function, Left, Young Adult
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