Cited by 1,135Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and AccessPsychology and Mental Health

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Prevalence and Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Conduct Problems in US Children

Open access

Ghandour, Reem M., Sherman, Laura J., Vladutiu, Catherine J., Ali, Mir M., Lynch, Sean E., Bitsko, Rebecca H., Blumberg, Stephen J.·2019·The Journal of Pediatrics

DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.021PMC PMC6673640

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Objectives To use the latest data to estimate the prevalence and correlates of currently diagnosed depression, anxiety problems, and behavioral or conduct problems among children, and the receipt of related mental health treatment.Study design We analyzed data from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) to report nationally representative prevalence estimates of each condition among children aged 3-17 years and receipt of treatment by a mental health professional. Parents/caregivers reported whether their children had ever been diagnosed with each of the 3 conditions and whether they currently have the condition. Bivariate analyses were used to examine the prevalence of conditions and treatment according to sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. The independent associations of these characteristics with both the current disorder and utilization of treatment were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.Results Among children aged 3-17 years, 7.1% had current anxiety problems, 7.4% had a current behavioral/conduct problem, and 3.2% had current depression. The prevalence of each disorder was higher with older age and poorer child health or parent/caregiver mental/emotional health; condition-specific variations were observed in the association between other characteristics and the likelihood of disorder. Nearly 80% of those with depression received treatment in the previous year, compared with 59.3% of those with anxiety problems and 53.5% of those with behavioral/conduct problems. Model-adjusted effects indicated that condition severity and presence of a comorbid mental disorder were associated with treatment receipt.Conclusions The latest nationally representative data from the NSCH show that depression, anxiety, and behavioral/conduct problems are prevalent among US children and adolescents. Treatment gaps remain, particularly for anxiety and behavioral/conduct problems.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.021

Cites

40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication - Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A)
Merikangas, K. R., He, J.-P., Burstein, M., Swanson, S. A., Avenevoli, S., Cui, L., Benjet, C., Georgiades, K., & Swendsen, J. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2010.05.017 · Cited by 6,278
Untitled work
(2009) · Cited by 2,013
Mental Health Surveillance Among Children — United States, 2013–2019
Bitsko, R. H., Claussen, A. H., Lichstein, J., Black, L. I., Jones, S. E., Danielson, M. L., Hoenig, J. M., Davis Jack, S. P., Brody, D. J., Gyawali, S., et al. (2022) · MMWR Supplements · doi:10.15585/mmwr.su7102a1 · Cited by 1,723
Self-citation
National trends in the prevalence and treatment of depression in adolescents and young adults.
Mojtabai, R., Olfson, M., & Han, B. (2016) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1878 · Cited by 1,424
Prevalence and Treatment of Mental Disorders Among US Children in the 2001–2004 NHANES
Merikangas, K. R., He, J.-P., Brody, D., Fisher, P. W., Bourdon, K., & Koretz, D. S. (2010) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2008-2598 · Cited by 1,172
Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology
Zahn-Waxler, C., Shirtcliff, E. A., & Marceau, K. (2008) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091358 · Cited by 1,072
The association between psychopathology in fathers versus mothers and children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems: A meta-analysis.
Connell, A. M., & Goodman, S. H. (2002) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.5.746 · Cited by 1,037
Untitled work
(2013) · PubMed · Cited by 770
Barriers to children's mental health services
OWENS, P. L., HOAGWOOD, K., HORWITZ, S. M., LEAF, P. J., PODUSKA, J. M., KELLAM, S. G., & IALONGO, N. S. (2002) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200206000-00013 · Cited by 565
Parental Major Depression and the Risk of Depression and Other Mental Disorders in Offspring
Lieb, R., Isensee, B., Höfler, M., Pfister, H., & Wïttchen, H. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.4.365 · Cited by 564

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 41 references

1 of the 41 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Items 401–500 of 1,000

Auf die Lehrperson und ihren Unterricht kommt es an. Zehn Jahre empirische Professions- und Unterrichtsforschung im IZeF der Universität zu Köln
:null (2024) · Waxmann Verlag GmbH eBooks · doi:10.31244/9783830998761 · Cited by 11
Efficacy of a Cognitive-Behavioral Anxiety Management Program Integrated Within a Reading Intervention
Grills, A. E., Vaughn, S. R., Bowman, C., Capin, P., Fall, A., Roberts, G., & Barnes, E. D. (2024) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41811-024-00211-6 · Cited by 8
Early detection of students’ mental health issues from a traditional daily health observation scheme in Japanese schools and its digitalization
Nishimura, T., Wakuta, M., Osuka, Y., Tsukui, N., Hirata, I., Takahashi, M., Adachi, M., Katayama, T., Aizaki, K., Sumiya, M., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1430011 · Cited by 8
Whole health learning: The revolutionary child of integrative health and education
Rosen, L. D., Felice, K. T., & Walsh, T. (2020) · EXPLORE · doi:10.1016/j.explore.2020.05.003 · Cited by 8
The Role of the Patient-Centered Medical Home in Treating Depression
Bogucki, O. E., Williams, M. D., Solberg, L. I., Rossom, R. C., & Sawchuk, C. N. (2020) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01167-y · Cited by 8
The association between asthma and anxiety in elementary school students in Japan
Kimura, M., Ikeda, A., Suzuki, Y., Maruyama, K., Wada, H., & Tanigawa, T. (2020) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.24986 · Cited by 9
Referral to Digital Parent Training in Primary Care: Facilitators and Barriers
Fehrenbacher, C., Schoeny, M. E., Reed, M., Shattell, M. M., & Breitenstein, S. M. (2020) · Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1037/cpp0000367 · Cited by 9
Threat-specific maltreatment exposure: Comparison of measurement models and associations with internalizing, externalizing, and PTSD symptoms
Lombera, M. A., Lee, A. H., Sharma-Patel, K., & Brown, E. J. (2021) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105010 · Cited by 9
Association between Psychiatric Disorders and Glomerular Disease
Desmond, H. E., Lindner, C., Troost, J. P., Held, Z., Modes, M., Callaway, A., Oh, G. J., Lafayette, R. A., O'Shaughnessy, M. M., Elliot, M., et al. (2021) · Glomerular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000516359 · Cited by 8
Psychosocial risk, symptom burden, and concerns in families affected by childhood cancer
Russell, K. B., Patton, M., Tromburg, C., Zwicker, H., Guilcher, G. M. T., Bultz, B. D., & Schulte, F. (2021) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-021-06646-3 · Cited by 8
Development of Brief Rating Scales for Progress Monitoring Internalizing Behavior
Briesch, A. M., Donaldson, A. R., Matta, M., Volpe, R. J., Daniels, B., & Owens, J. S. (2021) · Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/10634266211039761 · Cited by 8
Parental Harsh Discipline and Migrant Children’s Anxiety in China: The Moderating Role of Parental Warmth and Gender
Liu, L., Zhai, P., & Wang, M. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605211037580 · Cited by 8
Metacognitive Beliefs Predict Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Outcome in Children with Anxiety Disorders
Wolenski, R. A., Vaclavik, D., Rey, Y., & Pettit, J. W. (2021) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41811-021-00119-5 · Cited by 8
Early identification of depressive symptoms in school‐aged children: Psychometric properties and validation of a new short version of Short Mood & Feelings Questionnaire
Talja, T., Rantanen, A., Koivisto, A., Fröjd, S. A., Ikonen, R., & Joronen, K. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.13042 · Cited by 10
Office‐based mental healthcare and juvenile arrests
Deza, M., Lu, T. T., & Maclean, J. C. (2022) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.4578 · Cited by 8
Estimating the impact of child and early adolescent depression on subsequent educational attainment: secondary analysis of an existing data linkage
Wickersham, A., Ford, T. J., Stewart, R. J., & Downs, J. M. (2021) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796021000603 · Cited by 7
Depression, Anxiety, and Pubertal Timing: Current Research and Future Directions
Richburg, A. (2021) · University of Michigan Undergraduate Research Journal · doi:10.3998/umurj.1383 · Cited by 8
Associations of toddler mechanical/distress feeding problems with psychopathology symptoms five years later
Putnick, D. L., Bell, E. M., Ghassabian, A., Polinski, K. J., Robinson, S. L., Sundaram, R., & Yeung, E. H. (2022) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.13567 · Cited by 8
Evaluation of a scalable online videogame-based biofeedback program to improve emotion regulation: A descriptive study assessing parent perspectives
Wintner, S., Waters, S. E., Peechatka, A., Gonzalez-Heydrich, J., & Kahn, J. M. (2022) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2022.100527 · Cited by 10
Mental Health Services for Unaccompanied Children in the United States
Hasson, R. G., Iriarte, A. D.-V., & Underwood, D. (2022) · Journal of Loss and Trauma · doi:10.1080/15325024.2022.2141515 · Cited by 8
Examining the impact of randomized control intervention on depressive symptoms in schoolchildren with atypical behaviors
Aneke, A. O., Ede, M. O., Agbigwe, I. B., Obumse, N. A., Nnamani, O., Ngwoke, A. N., Okenyi, E. C., Ezema, V. S., Ejiofor, J. N., Njoku, O. C., et al. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000032964 · Cited by 10
Genetically predisposed and resilient animal models of depression reveal divergent responses to early-life adversity
Whitney, A., Lindeque, J. Z., Kruger, R., & Steyn, S. F. (2023) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2023.37 · Cited by 8
Longitudinal Development of Thalamocortical Functional Connectivity in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
Schleifer, C. H., O’Hora, K., Jalbrzikowski, M., Bondy, E., Kushan, L., Lin, A., Uddin, L. Q., & Bearden, C. E. (2023) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.09.001 · Cited by 8
The Relation between Parent Mental Health and Child Internalizing Symptoms in Parent–Child Interaction Therapy
McCabe, K. M., Zerr, A. A., Cook, M., Ringlee, L., & Yeh, M. (2022) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-022-02254-9 · Cited by 9
Relationship between mothers’/caregivers’ reported learning difficulty and internalizing symptoms (anxiety and depression) of children aged 5–17 years in Ghana
Norman, Q. A., Dey, N. E. Y., Ansah, K. O., Arthur-Holmes, F., Duah, H. O., & Agbadi, P. (2021) · Research in Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104108 · Cited by 8
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevention of internalizing disorders in early childhood
Bolton, B., Rooney, R. M., Hughes, A., Hopkins, A., & Mancini, V. O. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1061825 · Cited by 8
Gender Differences in Children’s Conduct Problems: A Multigroup Analysis of Latent Profiles Based on Temperament and Psychopathic Traits
Álvarez-Voces, M., & Romero, E. (2024) · Psicothema · doi:10.7334/psicothema2023.44 · Cited by 7
Using a Culturally Responsive, Antiracist, and Equitable Approach to School Mental Health
Beason, T. S., Knox, J. L., Lever, N. A., Hoover, S., Dubin, M., & Gordon-Achebe, K. (2024) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.chc.2024.04.001 · Cited by 7
Developing Optimized School-Based Mental Health Interventions: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Priorities and Opportunities
Rooney, M. E., Burstein, M., & Acri, M. C. (2024) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-024-09701-6 · Cited by 7
Examining Change in Callous-Unemotional Behaviors in Young Children with Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Comorbid Disruptive Behavior Disorders: Impact of the Summer Treatment Program for Pre-Kindergarteners (STP-PreK)
Graziano, P. A., Hernandez, M. L., & Dick, A. S. (2024) · Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1080/23794925.2024.2400877 · Cited by 7
“It Would Ruin My Life”: Pacific Islander Male Adolescents’ Perceptions of Mental Health Help-Seeking—An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Focus Group Study
Garrett, M. F., Cutrer‐Párraga, E. A., Allen, G. E. K., Young, E. L., Urbina, K. J., & Hull, I. M. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22010062 · Cited by 10
Integrated Primary Care and Mental Health Service Utilization: A Meta-Analysis
Hostutler, C. A., Shahidullah, J. D., Rybak, T. M., Stephenson, K. G., Freeman, K. A., LaLonde, L., Danzo, S., Koval, E. T., Hughes, H., & Riley, A. R. (2025) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2025-071275 · Cited by 7
A Bibliometric Analysis of the Occupational Therapy Literature Addressing Interventions for Children and Adolescents with Mental Health Needs
Gutman, S. A., Brown, T., Precin, P., Chan, L. J., Czuj, D. C., Hartman, B., Meindl, B. M., O’Connor, A. R., Safrin, A., Stein, J. N., et al. (2021) · Occupational Therapy in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/0164212x.2021.1980175 · Cited by 7
The Role of Future Orientation and Self-Mastery After Bullying Victimization: Associations With Depression
Girón, K., & Doty, J. L. (2022) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x221088611 · Cited by 9
Fledgling psychopathy meets social determinants of health: Evidence of childhood homicidal ideation among pediatric emergency department patients
Carbone, J. T., Testa, A. M., Vaughn, M. G., & Jackson, D. B. (2022) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2022.101926 · Cited by 7
Parental Deprivation- and Threat-Based Factors Associated with Youth Emotion-Based Neurocircuitry and Externalizing Behavior: A Systematic Review
Feeney, K. E., Lobo, R. P., Hare, M. M., Morris, S. S. J., Laird, A. R., & Musser, E. D. (2023) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-023-01138-w · Cited by 8
Parents' acceptability of blended psychological interventions for children with emotional disorders
Moreira, H., Góis, A. C., Pereira, A. M., Gomes-Pereira, B., Caiado, B., Nepomuceno, M. I., & Pereira, A. I. (2023) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2023.100687 · Cited by 7
Perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as mediators of the relation between anxiety and suicidal ideation among adolescents
Seibel, L. F., Harris, K. M., López, R., Wolff, J. C., Spirito, A., & Esposito-Smythers, C. L. (2024) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.13094 · Cited by 11
A Theory-Informed Approach to Locally Managed Learning School Systems: Integrating Treatment Integrity and Youth Mental Health Outcome Data to Promote Youth Mental Health
McLeod, B. D., Cook, C. R., Sutherland, K. S., Lyon, A. R., Dopp, A. R., Broda, M., & Beidas, R. S. (2021) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-021-09413-1 · Cited by 7
A pediatric surgeon’s dilemma: does cholecystectomy improve symptoms of biliary dyskinesia?
Liebe, H. L., Phillips, R. C., Handley, M., Gastañaduy, M., Burton, J. H., & Roybal, J. (2021) · Pediatric Surgery International · doi:10.1007/s00383-021-04922-1 · Cited by 7
Using the IRAP to Investigate Gender Biases Towards ADHD and Anxiety
Nolan, C., Murphy, C., & Kelly, M. E. (2021) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/s40732-021-00474-x · Cited by 8
A Text Message Intervention for Adolescents With Depression and Their Parents or Caregivers to Overcome Cognitive Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Initiation: Focus Groups and Pilot Trial
Suffoletto, B. P., Goldstein, T. R., & Brent, D. A. (2021) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/30580 · Cited by 7
Are all threats equal? Associations of childhood exposure to physical attack versus threatened violence with preadolescent brain structure
Delaney, S., Hidalgo, A. P. C., White, T. J. H., Haneuse, S., Ressler, K. J., Tiemeier, H. W., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2021) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101033 · Cited by 10
Pandemic-associated mental health changes in youth with neuroinflammatory disorders
Logan, L., Stephens, S., Ciftci-Kavaklioglu, B., Berenbaum, T. S., Ly, M., Longoni, G., & Yeh, E. A. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.103468 · Cited by 7
Describing Changes in Telebehavioral Health Utilization and Services Delivery in Rural School Settings in Pre‐ and Early Stages of the COVID ‐19 Public Health Emergency
Ward, M. M., Ullrich, F. A., Merchant, K. A. S., Carter, K. D., Bhagianadh, D., Lacks, M. H., Taylor, E. S., & Gordon, J. (2022) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.13150 · Cited by 7
Socio-ecological Resilience Relates to Lower Internalizing Symptoms among Adolescents during the Strictest Period of COVID-19 Lockdown in Perú
Williamson, V. G., Berger, E. L., Barendse, M. E. A., Pfeifer, J. H., Dahl, R. E., & Magis‐Weinberg, L. (2022) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-022-00928-y · Cited by 7
Innovations in University-School Partnerships to Provide Mental Health Services
Jenkins, L. N., Kinney, J. M., Kaminski, S., & Howell, J. C. (2023) · Journal of Applied School Psychology · doi:10.1080/15377903.2023.2182859 · Cited by 7
Functional connectivity analysis of childhood depressive symptoms
Huang, P., Chan, S. Y., Ngoh, Z. M., Nadarajan, R., Chong, Y. S., Gluckman, P. D., Chen, H., Fortier, M. V., Tan, A. P., & Meaney, M. J. (2023) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103395 · Cited by 7
Mental Illness Following Physical Assault Among Children
Archambault, É., Vigod, S. N., Brown, H. K., Lu, H., Fung, K., Shouldice, M., & Saunders, N. R. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.29172 · Cited by 7
Investigating sensitivity to threat with the Behavioral Inhibition Scale (BIS) among children, adolescents and university students: The role of negatively-phrased questions
Heffer, T., Lundale, C., Wylie, B. E., & Willoughby, T. (2020) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110416 · Cited by 7
The Potential for Improving the Population Health Effectiveness of Screening: A Simulation Study
Gardner, W. P., Bevans, K. B., & Kelleher, K. J. (2021) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2021-050693c · Cited by 7
CORE Teen: Impact of an Adolescent-Focused Parent Training Curriculum on Foster Parent Perceptions of Preparedness to Foster Teens
Day, A., Salazar, A. M., Bennett, M., & Vanderwill, L. A. (2022) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-022-00837-5 · Cited by 9
What Do Child Abuse and Neglect Medical Evaluation Consultation Notes Tell Researchers and Clinicians?
Golonka, M. M., Liu, Y., Rohrs, R., Copeland, J., Byrd, J., Stilwell, L., Crew, C., Kuehn, M., Snyder-Fickler, E., Hurst, J. H., et al. (2022) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/10775595221134537 · Cited by 8
Prenatal Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is Associated with Mental Health Outcomes and Physical Activity has a Modifying RolePreprint
Alves, J. M., Smith, A., Chow, T., Negriff, S. L., Carter, S., Xiang, A. H., & Page, K. A. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3290222/v1 · Cited by 7
NHSR 191: Emergency Department Visits Related to Mental Health Disorders Among Children and Adolescents, United States, 2018-2021
Santo, L., Peters, Z., Davis, D., & DeFrances, C. (2023) · doi:10.15620/cdc:132642 · Cited by 6
Secular Trend in the Incidence of Conduct Disorder in China from 1990 to 2019: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.
Wang, Y., Huang, X., Li, S., Yue, S., Liu, J., & Wu, J. (2022) · PubMed · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000001049 · Cited by 6
The Association between Cesarean Section Delivery and Child Behavior: Is It Mediated by Maternal Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Maternal Postpartum Depression?
Grisbrook, M.-A., Dewey, D., Cuthbert, C. A., McDonald, S., Ntanda, H. N., & Letourneau, N. L. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14010061 · Cited by 10
Use of Electronic Health Record-Based Measures to Assess Quality of Care for Pediatric Agitation
Hoffmann, J. A., Corboy, J. B., Liu, L., Cieslak, K. L., Pergjika, A., Patel, T. R., Bardach, N. S., & Alpern, E. R. (2024) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2023-007532 · Cited by 7
Associations of exposure to heatwaves with depression and anxiety among adolescents: A cross-sectional study of the Chinese adolescent health survey
Hu, J., Hu, W., Xu, Z., Peng, C., Cheng, J., Rong, F., Wang, Y., Zhang, N., Guan, M., & Yu, Y. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119499 · Cited by 6
Leveraging and Harnessing Generative Artificial Intelligence to Mitigate the Burden of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs) in Children
Oleribe, O. O. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13151898 · Cited by 7
Promoting Occupational Therapy Mental Health Research: Proceedings From the 2017 AOTF Mental Health Planning Grant Collective
Gutman, S. A. (2021) · OTJR Occupational Therapy Journal of Research · doi:10.1177/15394492211005459 · Cited by 6
Predictors of Latent Class Trajectories of Internalizing Symptoms in Latinx Adolescents
West, K. B., Roche, K. M., White, R. M. B., & Suveg, C. M. (2021) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-021-00854-5 · Cited by 7
Parent reported barriers to children’s mental health services in the United States
Graaf, G., Hooley, C., Baiden, P., & Keyes, L. (2022) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2022.2155503 · Cited by 9
A comparison of two teacher trainings on student anxiety
Ginsburg, G. S., Pella, J. E., DeVito, A., & Chan, G. (2023) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/01430343231180299 · Cited by 8
The effectiveness of collaborative care delivered via telehealth in a pediatric primary care population
Vanderwood, K. K., Joyner, J., & Little, V. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1240902 · Cited by 6
Pediatric collaborative care outcomes in a regional model
Parkhurst, J. T., Garcia-Goetting, C., Peist, E. A., Ballard, R., Romba, C., & Lavigne, J. V. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1252505 · Cited by 6
Prevalence and relevant factors of depression among adolescents in Xinjiang, China: A cross-sectional survey
Muyiduli, X., Zhang, R., Zhang, J., Wei, Z., Dong, Y., Wang, W., Fang, P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, S., Sulidan, A., et al. (2024) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000037090 · Cited by 6
The Impact of Anxiety and Depression on Postoperative Pain Management and Emergency Room Visits in Pediatric Patients With Surgically Treated Lower Extremity Fractures: A Propensity-matched Cohort Analysis
Momtaz, D., Jahn, J., Eskenazi, J., Peterson, B. C., Lawand, J. J., Ghali, A. N., & Hosseinzadeh, P. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics · doi:10.1097/bpo.0000000000002910 · Cited by 6
Age-varying Bi-directional Associations Between Momentary Affect and Movement Behaviors in Children: Evidence From a Multi-wave Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Yang, C., Zink, J., Belcher, B. R., Kanning, M. K., & Dunton, G. F. (2021) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kaaa124 · Cited by 6
Responding to a Behavioral Health Crisis
Esposito, J. M., Lavelle, J. M., M’Farrej, M., Jhonsa, A., Perry, E., Felix, A., Crescenzo, K., Abbadessa, M. K., & Hayes, K. L. (2021) · Pediatric Emergency Care · doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000002407 · Cited by 6
Child Psychiatry Consultation Clinic for Pediatricians: Long-Term Outcomes
Fallucco, E. M., Landy, R. E., Leung, K., & Blackmore, E. R. (2021) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/00099228211015844 · Cited by 6
A Scoping Review of Police Involvement in School Crisis Response for Mental Health Emergencies
Choi, K. R., O’Malley, C., Ijadi‐Maghsoodi, R., Tascione, E. M., Bath, E. P. J., & Zima, B. T. (2021) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-021-09477-z · Cited by 6
Effectiveness of Child-Focused Interventions for Externalizing Behavior: a Rapid Evidence Review
Kuhn, M., Gonzalez, E., Weil, L. E. G., Izguttinov, A., & Walker, S. C. (2022) · Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology · doi:10.1007/s10802-022-00904-6 · Cited by 7
Functional Hearing Disorder in Children
Weisleder, D. H., & Weisleder, P. (2022) · Seminars in Pediatric Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.spen.2022.100956 · Cited by 7
Stability of mental disorder prevalence estimates among school-aged children and adolescents: findings from the community-based project to learn about youth-mental health (PLAY-MH) and replication-PLAY-MH (Re-PLAY-MH), 2014–2017
Wanga, V., Danielson, M. L., Bitsko, R. H., Holbrook, J. R., Lipton, C., Claussen, A. H., Siceloff, E. R., & Flory, K. (2022) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.05.007 · Cited by 6
Participation in a yoga intervention is associated with improved mental health among Latinx adolescents
Clarke, R. D., Morris, S. L., Fernandez, S. B., Spadola, C., & Wagner, E. F. (2022) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.3202 · Cited by 7
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Randomized controlled trial for selective preventive transdiagnostic intervention for adolescents at risk for emotional disorders
Vivas-Fernández, M., López, L. J. G., Piqueras, J. A., Muela-Martínez, J. A., Canals, J., Fernández, L. E., Jiménez-Vázquez, D., Díaz-Castela, M. D. M., Morales‐Hidalgo, P., Rivera, M., et al. (2023) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-022-00550-2 · Cited by 7
Retracted
Nutritional Status and Poverty Condition Are Associated with Depression in Preschoolers
Jiménez-Ceballos, B., Martínez-Herrera, E. O., Ocharan-Hernández, M. E., Guerra‐Araiza, C., García, E. D. F., Muñoz-Ramírez, U. E., Fuentes‐Venado, C. E., & Pinto‐Almazán, R. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10050835 · Cited by 6
Caregiver engagement interventions on reducing the anxiety and depression of children with chronic health conditions and their caregivers: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Sheng, N., Ouyang, N., Ping, Z., Ge, B., Cheng, F., & Lv, H. (2023) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2023.04.015 · Cited by 7
Trends in Office-Based Anxiety Treatment Among US Children, Youth, and Young Adults: 2006–2018
Chavez, L. J., Gardner, W. P., Tyson, D. P., PAJER, K. A., Rosic, T., Kemper, A. R., & Kelleher, K. J. (2023) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2022-059416 · Cited by 6
Ketamine and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in an Adolescent with Treatment-Resistant Depression
Jerath, A. U., Oldak, S. E., Soni, M., Zaydlin, M., Martin, S., Brown, K., Cara, V., & Coffey, B. J. (2023) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2023.29245.bjc · Cited by 6
Associations between 24-h movement guidelines compliance and anxiety and depression among youth receiving special education services in the US
Zimmerman, S. P., Nowland, L. A., Zhu, X., Haegele, J. A., & Ross, S. M. (2023) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101541 · Cited by 6
Prevalence of suicidality in children and adolescents with depressive disorders with and without epilepsy
Hague, C. D., Waber, D. P., Rotenberg, A., & Vega, C. (2023) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109467 · Cited by 6
The Me and My School Questionnaire: Examining the cross-cultural validity of a children’s self-report mental health measure
Moffa, K., Wagle, R., Dowdy, E. T., Palikara, O., Castro, S., Dougherty, D., & Furlong, M. J. (2019) · International Journal of School & Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/21683603.2019.1650858 · Cited by 6
Peer and Dating Aggression among Early Adolescent Boys and Girls Admitted to a Secure Inpatient Psychiatric Unit: Links with Maltreatment
Asghari, M., Connolly, J., & Cochrane-Brink, K. (2020) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2020.1783735 · Cited by 5
Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Perspectives about Addressing Mental Health across School-Based Settings in Southern California
Salamat, A., Krpalek, D., & Javaherian-Dysinger, H. (2020) · Journal of Occupational Therapy Schools & Early Intervention · doi:10.1080/19411243.2020.1799903 · Cited by 6
Factor Structure of the Scales for Assessing Emotional Disturbance – 3 Rating Scale for Students Identified With Emotional Disturbance
Lambert, M. C., Cullinan, D., Epstein, M. H., & Martin, J. (2021) · Behavioral Disorders · doi:10.1177/01987429211012328 · Cited by 6
How much can you learn in one year? How content, pedagogical resources, and learner’s age influence beliefs about knowledge acquisition
Lockhart, K. L., Goddu, M. K., & Keil, F. C. (2021) · Cognitive Development · doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2021.101115 · Cited by 6
Cortico-amygdalar connectivity and externalizing/internalizing behavior in children with neurodevelopmental disorders
Nakua, H., Hawco, C. S., Forde, N. J., Jacobs, G. R., Joseph, M. J. E., Voineskos, A. N., Wheeler, A. L., Lai, M., Szatmári, P., Kelley, E. A., et al. (2022) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-022-02483-0 · Cited by 7
Mothers' and children's depression is linked through children's perceptions of attachment security
Hughes, J. L., Morrow, K. E., Spears, S. K., & Gentzler, A. L. (2020) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.2208 · Cited by 6
The Impact of Mother Support and Natural Mentoring on the Depressive Symptoms of Black Youth
Jones, K. V., Boyd, D. T., & Quinn, C. R. (2021) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-021-02049-4 · Cited by 7
Maternal Psychological Aggression, Problem Behaviors, and the Mediating Roles of Psychological Resilience and Self-Control in Preschoolers
Qiao, T., Wang, X., & Ye, P. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s497806 · Cited by 5
The Relationship Between Family Functioning and Depressive Symptoms in Primary School Children: The Mediating Role of Friendship Quality and the Moderating Role of Teacher–Student Relationship
Yang, Q., Ai, Y., Chi, Y., Guo, X., Liu, S., Qi, Q., & Hu, Y. (2025) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.70050 · Cited by 5
Psychometric Properties of the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30) in Older Norwegian Adolescents
Hoff, H. U., Hjemdal, O., Steinsbekk, S., & Nordahl, H. (2025) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-025-01843-1 · Cited by 5
Bidirectional and longitudinal relationship between nature contact and children’s problem behavior: The mediating role of prosocial behavior
Liu, H., Zhang, J., Qi, Y., Yu, X., & Yang, X. (2025) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s095457942500032x · Cited by 5
From parenting self‐efficacy to child externalizing problems: The role of perceived parent stress and practices
Florean, I. S., Dobrean, A., & Balázsi, R. (2025) · Family Relations · doi:10.1111/fare.70000 · Cited by 6
Parent-Child Agreement on Depressive Symptoms in Depressed and Suicidal Youth
Bivins, E. J., Buckland, E. K., Pinciotti, C. M., Riddle, D. B., Minhajuddin, A., Slater, H., Soutullo, C. A., Lambie, F., Saxena, K., Goodman, W. K., et al. (2025) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-025-03159-z · Cited by 5
The effects of physical activity on social-emotional competence in primary school students: a meta-analysis
Fu, S., Pengfei, W., Wu, J., Li, Z., & Zheng, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1657165 · Cited by 10
Association between maternal depression and emotion and behavior regulation in Peruvian children: A population-based study
Hernández‐Vásquez, A., Vargas‐Fernández, R., Chavez‐Ecos, F. A., Mendoza-Correa, I., & Sara, J. C. D. C. (2022) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101879 · Cited by 5
Household Social Needs, Emotional Functioning, and Stress in Low-Income Latinx Children and their Mothers
Keeton, V. F., Bell, J. F., Drake, C., Garcia, E. O. F. Y., Pantell, M. S., Hessler, D., Wing, H. E., Silveira, P. P., Donnell, K. J. O., Filho, E. J. D. M., et al. (2023) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-023-02532-0 · Cited by 5

Authors: Ghandour, R. M., Sherman, L. J., Vladutiu, C. J., Ali, M. M., Lynch, S. E., Bitsko, R. H., & Blumberg, S. J.
Affiliations: Health Resources and Services Administration (US)
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
Corresponding author: Ghandour, Reem M.
ORCID: Ghandour, Reem M.
Sherman, Laura J.
Vladutiu, Catherine J.
Ali, Mir M.
Lynch, Sean E.
Bitsko, Rebecca H.
Blumberg, Stephen J.
Venue: The Journal of Pediatrics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2019-03
Volume: 206
Pages: 256-267.e3
ISSN: 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.021
PMC: PMC6673640
OpenAlex: W2896114619
Cited by: 1,135
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 89 · 2025: 122 · 2024: 176 · 2023: 184 · 2022: 231 · 2021: 199 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 21
FWCI: 95.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
Keywords: childhood depression, childhood anxiety, conduct problems, behavioral problems, prevalence, psychotherapy, treatment gap, comorbidities, sociodemographic factors, National Survey of Children's Health, children and adolescents
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Prevalence, Conduct Disorder

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Prevalence and Treatment of Depression, Anxiety, and Conduct Problems in US Children

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks