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Validation of the depression item bank from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in a three-month observational study
Open accessAbstract
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is an NIH Roadmap initiative devoted to developing better measurement tools for assessing constructs relevant to the clinical investigation and treatment of all diseases-constructs such as pain, fatigue, emotional distress, sleep, physical functioning, and social participation. Following creation of item banks for these constructs, our priority has been to validate them, most often in short-term observational studies. We report here on a three-month prospective observational study with depressed outpatients in the early stages of a new treatment episode (with assessments at intake, one-month follow-up, and three-month follow-up). The protocol was designed to compare the psychometric properties of the PROMIS depression item bank (administered as a computerized adaptive test, CAT) with two legacy self-report instruments: the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CESD; Radloff, 1977) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; Spitzer et al., 1999). PROMIS depression demonstrated strong convergent validity with the CESD and the PHQ-9 (with correlations in a range from .72 to .84 across all time points), as well as responsiveness to change when characterizing symptom severity in a clinical outpatient sample. Identification of patients as "recovered" varied across the measures, with the PHQ-9 being the most conservative. The use of calibrations based on models from item response theory (IRT) provides advantages for PROMIS depression both psychometrically (creating the possibility of adaptive testing, providing a broader effective range of measurement, and generating greater precision) and practically (these psychometric advantages can be achieved with fewer items-a median of 4 items administered by CAT-resulting in less patient burden).
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“There is strong evidence of construct validity for the PROMIS depression scale, which has been validated against the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) (Choi et al., 2014; Pilkonis et al., 2014).”
From Problematic social media use and depressive symptoms among U.S. young adults: A nationally-representative study (2017) · cites this paper as Pilkonis et al., 2014
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- Choi, 2012, Vol. 1
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Clinical validity of PROMIS depression, anxiety, and anger across diverse clinical samples
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Self-citationValidation of the PHQ-9 in a psychiatric sample
Beard, C., Hsu, K. J., Rifkin, L. S., Busch, A. B., & Björgvinsson, T. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.12.075 · Cited by 467
Shensa, A., Escobar-Viera, C. G., Sidani, J. E., Bowman, N. D., Marshal, M. P., & Primack, B. A. (2017) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.061 · Cited by 469
Association of Physician Burnout With Suicidal Ideation and Medical Errors
Menon, N. K., Shanafelt, T. D., Sinsky, C. A., Linzer, M., Carlasare, L., Brady, K. J. S., Stillman, M. J., & Trockel, M. T. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.28780 · Cited by 340
Metadata
- Authors
- Pilkonis, P. A., Yu, L., Dodds, N. E., Johnston, K. L., Maihoefer, C. C., & Lawrence, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pilkonis, Paul A.
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 56
- Pages
- 112-119
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4096965
- OpenAlex
- W1976407136
- Cited by
- 423
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 13.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5u01ar057940-04)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U01AR052171, U01AR057956, U01AR057967, U01AR052186, U01-AR-057940, U01AR057936, U54AR057943, U01AR057929, U01AR052170, U01AR052158, U01AR052155, U01AR052177, U01AR052181, U01AR057954, U01AR057948, U54AR057926, U54AR057951)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- depression measurement, computerized adaptive testing, convergent validity, responsiveness to change, CES-D, PHQ-9, symptom severity, recovery from depression, patient-reported outcomes, outpatients
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Calibration, Computers, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Young Adult, Self Report, Patient Outcome Assessment
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