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Cited by 7Treatment of Major DepressionAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Treatment and Access

Staging of depressive disorders: Relevance of resistance to treatment and residual symptoms

Reneses, Blanca, Aguera-Ortiz, Luis, Sevilla-Llewellyn-Jones, Julia, Carrillo, Antonio, Argudo, Isabel, Regatero, María Jose, López-Micó, Cristina, Fuentes, Manuel +1 more·2020·Journal of Psychiatric Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.022
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Abstract

Background Clinical staging model for depression helps to better define the clinical situation of patients. The objectives of this study are: to correlate the Hetrick's staging model of depression with the severity of depression, associated disability, and resistance to treatment in the established disease stages and to test the modification introduced by our group consisting in the introduction of a substage for recurrence from a previous episode that was stabilized with a complete remission.Methods A Cross-sectional study with 133 adult subjects having a current and primary diagnosis of Depressive disorder was developed. Patients were classified according to the model and assessed with: 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), Clinical Global Impression (CGI); Global Assessment of Function (GAF); Maudsley Staging Method for treatment resistance (MSM) and Sheeham Disability Schedule (SDS).Results The variable that best contributes to the differentiation between clinical stages, in established Depression, is resistance to treatment evaluated by the MSM. Correlations between MSM and the clinical stages were statistically significant between most pairs of stages. Finally, we showed preliminary data in order to prove that a differential sub-stage for recurrent depression with and without inter-episodic remission in the current heuristic models could be a possible stage for better define depression staging model.Conclusions Resistance to treatment should be included in the definition of clinical stages in established depression. Despite the difficulty of establishing a valid model for the staging of depression, it can certainly add great value to diagnosis, therapeutic interventions and clinical research.

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  • The clinical staging model for psychosis is the most established, but similar models also emerged for bipolar, depressive and anxiety disorders.

    “The clinical staging model for psychosis is the most established 54,55 , but similar models also emerged for bipolar 56-59 , depressive 60,61 and anxiety 62-65 disorders.”

    From Preventive psychiatry: a blueprint for improving the mental health of young people (2021) · cites this paper as [61]

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Authors
Reneses, B., Aguera-Ortiz, L., Sevilla-Llewellyn-Jones, J., Carrillo, A., Argudo, I., Regatero, M. J., López-Micó, C., Fuentes, M., & Palomo, T.
Affiliations
  • Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
  • Hospital Clínico San Carlos (ES)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Psychiatric Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-10
Volume
129
Pages
234-240
ISSN
0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.022
OpenAlex
W3044835763
Cited by
7
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1
FWCI
0.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
depressive disorders, treatment resistance, residual symptoms, recurrent depression, depression severity, disability, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
MeSH terms
Sexual and Gender Minorities, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Major Depressive Disorder, Depressive Disorder, Major, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Remission Induction, Treatment Outcome, Homosexuality, Male

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