The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The role of depression and anxiety in onset of diabetes in a large population-based study
Abstract
Objective Recent research has shown that depression may predict incident diabetes. The aims of the study are to investigate if symptoms of depression and anxiety precede the onset of diabetes or vice versa and to examine if mediating factors may explain such associations. Methods A prospective population-based study (N=37,291) investigating the associations between symptoms of depression/anxiety and diabetes was conducted. Results Individuals reporting symptoms of depression and anxiety at baseline had increased risk of onset of type 2 diabetes at 10-year follow-up. No gender differences were found. The analyses did not reveal underlying factors that mediated the association. Baseline diagnosis of diabetes was not associated with subsequent symptoms of anxiety or depression among males or females. Conclusion Diabetes did not predict symptoms of depression or anxiety. Symptoms of depression and anxiety emerged as significant risk factors for onset of type 2 diabetes independent of established risk factors for diabetes, such as socioeconomic factors, lifestyle factors, and markers of the metabolic syndrome. The comorbidity between depression and anxiety may be the most important factor.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Anxiety is not as well researched as depression, and reported links with new onset diabetes mellitus have been equivocal 69-74”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as [69]
In the citing paper
“| Norwegian cohort ( n = 37,291; 10 year follow- up) | Anxiety using the hospital anxiety and depression scale, seven-items for anxiety | OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.3- 1.8) ‡ Did not control for depression. |”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as Engum (2007) 63
In the citing paper
“Did not control for depression.”
From Type 2 diabetes mellitus and psychological stress — a modifiable risk factor (2017) · cites this paper as Engum (2007) 63
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Bjelland, I., Dahl, A. A., Haug, T. T., & Neckelmann, D. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00296-3 · Cited by 9,779
The Prevalence of Comorbid Depression in Adults With Diabetes
Anderson, R. J., Freedland, K. E., Clouse, R. E., & Lustman, P. J. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.6.1069 · Cited by 3,926
Brown, T. A., Campbell, L. A., Lehman, C. L., Grisham, J. R., & Mancill, R. B. (2001) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.110.4.585 · Cited by 1,562
Mykletun, A., Stordal, E., & Dahl, A. A. (2001) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.179.6.540 · Cited by 908
Prevalence of Depression in Adults With Diabetes: An epidemiological evaluation
Gavard, J. A., Lustman, P. J., & Clouse, R. E. (1993) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.16.8.1167 · Cited by 624
Depression and Risk for Onset of Type II Diabetes: A prospective population-based study
Eaton, W. W., Armenian, H. K., Gallo, J. J., Pratt, L., & Ford, D. E. (1996) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.19.10.1097 · Cited by 611
Prevalence of anxiety in adults with diabetes
Grigsby, A. B., Anderson, R. J., Freedland, K. E., Clouse, R. E., & Lustman, P. J. (2002) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(02)00417-8 · Cited by 609
Association of depression with medical illness: Does cortisol play a role?
Brown, E. S., Varghese, F. P., & McEwen, B. S. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00473-6 · Cited by 578 · cited 1×
“Altered activities in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis with cortisol elevations during depressive episodes, which affect approximately half of all patients [18], may also increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.”
Background
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–330 of 330
Saravanakumar, M. V., & Sabibullah, M. (2019) · Asset analytics · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8253-6_8
Developmental ORIgins of Healthy and Unhealthy AgeiNg
Iozzo, P., Holmes, M. C., Schmidt, M. V., Cirulli, F., Guzzardi, M. A., Berry, A., Balsevich, G., Andreassi, M. G., Wesselink, J., Liistro, T., et al. (2016)
Ogollah, R. O. (2010) · Bournemouth University Research Online (Bournemouth University)
Kairov, G. T., Martusevich, A., Zhulin, D., Chernov, D. Y., & Potapova, D. (2020) · doi:10.31435/rsglobal_conf/30112020/7271
Emotional Stress Consequences in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Solutions
Bansal, C., Jain, R., Shukla, U., & Paul, S. (2021) · International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine · doi:10.47552/ijam.v12i1.1783
Baharudin, M. S. F., Soe, M. K. S., Jamshed, S. Q., Rahim, R. A., Zainudin, E. N. A. H., Win, T. T., Andylim, N. F., & Mansor, M. A. M. (2020) · The International Islamic University Malaysia Repository (The International Islamic University Malaysia)
Psychiatric Care of the Patient with Diabetes
Maruyama, N. C., Ashley, K. B., Casasnovas, C. E., Goschin, S., Kraker, J., Quraishi, S. N., Safin, D. S., Shu, M. A., & Ferrando, S. J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20797-1_46-2
Psychiatric Care of the Patient with Diabetes
Maruyama, N. C., Ashley, K. B., Casasnovas, C. E., Goschin, S., Quraishi, S. N., Safin, D. S., Shu, M. A., & Ferrando, S. J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20797-1_46-1
Psychiatric Care of the Patient with Diabetes
Maruyama, N. C., Ashley, K. B., Casasnovas, C. E., Goschin, S., Kraker, J., Quraishi, S. N., Safin, D. S., Shu, M. A., & Ferrando, S. J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-18741-9_46
Metabolomic profiles of chronic distress predict future cardiovascular disease riskPreprint
Balasubramanian, R., Shutta, K. H., Guasch‐Ferré, M., Huang, T., Jha, S. C., Zhu, Y., Shadyab, A. H., Manson, J. E., Hu, F. B., Rexrode, K. M., et al. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.02.26.22271549
Diabetic Foot and Geriatric Depression: A Report of Two Cases
Alan, S., Shah, K. M. A., Al‐Salihy, Z., & Chut-kai, K. W. N. (2022) · Journal of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology · doi:10.23937/2469-5858/1510127
Al‐Dwaikat, T. N. (2017) · ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository (University of Louisville) · doi:10.18297/etd/2863
Abdelhafiz, A. H., & Sinclair, A. J. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118954621.ch30
Carrubba, S. L., Manna, L., Rinollo, C., Mazzone, A., Gussoni, G., Rosa, S. D., & FADOI, O. B. O. T. D. S. O. (2012) · Italian Journal of Medicine · doi:10.4081/itjm.2011.261
Kapfhammer, H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-65873-4_4
Gaylord, I. W. I., Patricia, B. M., Sebastien, E. M., Rachel, A., Ogik, P., Faruck, K., Karuma, F., Pierre, C., Limengo, B., Roger, I. M., et al. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2549830/v1
Patnaik, L., Panigrahi, S. K., Sahoo, A., Mishra, D., Beura, S., & Muduli, A. K. (2023) · Journal of Associated Medical Sciences · doi:10.12982/jams.2023.028
Siddiqi, N., Stadler, M., & Holt, R. I. G. (2024) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119697473.ch65
Zou, X., & Zhou, C. S. (2025) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v16.i8.106683
THERAPEUTIC EVALUATION OF MICHELIA CHAMPACA ON NOISE-INDUCED HEPATORENAL ALTERATIONS IN RATS
S., M., KUMAR, D., Vidyashree, & Rajan, R. (2025) · International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2025v17i5.7069
Tian, X. S., Zhou, Y., Qiu, Y., Li, M., Li, J., & Zhang, X. (2025) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-025-02158-x
Tegegne, K. D., Gebeyehu, N. A., & Kassaw, M. W. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22617805
Tegegne, K. D., Gebeyehu, N. A., & Kassaw, M. W. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22617811
Tegegne, K. D., Gebeyehu, N. A., & Kassaw, M. W. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22617817
Tegegne, K. D., Gebeyehu, N. A., & Kassaw, M. W. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22617808
Antidepressants and type 2 diabetes : a pharmacoepidemiological approach
Nguyen, T. B. N. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/32552994z8036z4d42z8666zb7c155b59fcf
Dou, X., Yang, S., Huang, Y., He, M., Zhang, B., Li, X., Lin, H., & Yang, Y. (2026) · General Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps3.70038
Perspectives on Diabetes and Depression: Focusing Outside INTERPRET-DD Countries in Europe
Jamir, L., Peter, C., Philip, S., & Chaturvedi, S. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-92-2755-6_22
Metadata
- Authors
- Engum, A.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Engum, Anne
- ORCID
- Engum, Anne
- Venue
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-38
- ISSN
- 0022-3999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082437852
- Cited by
- 330
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 9.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychosomatic Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- depression, anxiety, type 2 diabetes, diabetes onset, incident diabetes risk, comorbid depression and anxiety, mediation, psychosocial risk factors, metabolic syndrome
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Norway, Prospective Studies, Statistics as Topic, Comorbidity, Metabolic Syndrome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
