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Preschool personality antecedents of narcissism in adolescence and young adulthood: A 20-year longitudinal study

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Carlson, Kevin S., Gjerde, Per F.·2009·Journal of Research in Personality

DOI 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.03.003PMC PMC2811719

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Abstract

This prospective study examined relations between preschool personality attributes and narcissism during adolescence and emerging adulthood. We created five a priori preschool scales anticipated to foretell future narcissism. Independent assessors evaluated the participants' personality at ages 14, 18, and 23. Based upon these evaluations, we generated observer-based narcissism scales for each of these three ages. All preschool scales predicted subsequent narcissism, except Interpersonal Antagonism at age 23. According to mean scale and item scores analyses, narcissism increased significantly from age 14 to 18, followed by a slight but non-significant decline from age 18 to 23. The discussion focused on a developmental view of narcissism, the need for research on automatic processing and psychological defenses, and links between narcissism and attachment.

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Authors: Carlson, K. S., & Gjerde, P. F.
Affiliations: Hong Kong Polytechnic University (HK)
University of California, Santa Cruz (US)
Corresponding author: Gjerde, Per F.
Venue: Journal of Research in Personality
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2009-08
Volume: 43
Issue: 4
Pages: 570-578
ISSN: 0092-6566 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2009.03.003
PMC: PMC2811719
OpenAlex: W2046988008
Cited by: 106
References: 95
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 5.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Research in Personality (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH016080)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords: narcissism, personality development, adolescence, emerging adulthood, developmental trajectories, attachment, automatic processing, defense mechanisms, longitudinal prediction

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Preschool personality antecedents of narcissism in adolescence and young adulthood: A 20-year longitudinal study

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