The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Time frames and the distinction between affective and cognitive well-being
Open accessAbstract
We examined whether the empirical differences between affective well-being (AWB) and cognitive well-being (CWB) might be due to (a) the use of different time frames in measures of AWB and CWB or (b) structural differences. In Study 1, a multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) analysis indicated that levels of different components are more similar but do not converge completely when the same time frame is used. In Study 2, we found that people are more likely to consider global life circumstances (as opposed to specific events and activities) when they evaluate their CWB, regardless of the specific time frame. In both studies, the time frame did not moderate the associations between AWB and CWB and important correlates (personality, life circumstances).
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Citations
Cites
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433 · cited 4×
“However, this effect was not replicated using two alternative measures of AWB (Watson et al., 1988).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe satisfaction with life scale
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13 · Cited by 31,768 · cited 4×
“During the morning lab session, participants indicated their CWB using the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS; Diener et al., 1985) and their AWB in the past week using a battery of affective adjectives.”
MethodInfluentialConvergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.
Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0046016 · Cited by 17,116 · cited 3×
“In Study 1, we estimated the convergent and discriminant validity of different time frames in an MTMM design (Campbell & Fiske, 1959).”
MethodSubjective well-being: Three decades of progress.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 · Cited by 12,910
Diener, E. (1984) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_2 · Cited by 12,609
ФАКТОРЫ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ ЛЮДЕЙ ПОЖИЛОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Р., Н. М., & Ю., Б. С. (2026) · CyberLeninK (CyberLeninka) · doi:10.60797/irj.2026.170.43 · Cited by 7,969
Well-being : the foundations of hedonic psychology
Kahneman, D. J., Diener, E. F., & Schwarz, N. (1999) · Cited by 7,472
The development of markers for the Big-Five factor structure
Goldberg, L. R. (1992) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.4.1.26 · Cited by 5,530 · cited 1×
“Emotional stability and extraversion were assessed with 20 adjectives from Goldberg’s (1992) Big Five Inventory.”
MethodRammstedt, B., & John, O. P. (2007) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2006.02.001 · Cited by 4,244 · cited 1×
“To keep the survey economic, emotional stability and extraversion were assessed with the respective two-item subscales of the Big Five Inventory-Short Version (BFI-S; Rammstedt & John, 2007).”
MethodFlora, D. B., & Curran, P. J. (2004) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.9.4.466 · Cited by 3,105 · cited 1×
“This approach is more appropriate than the more commonly used maximum likelihood estimation method when the indicators are not metric but ordinal (Flora & Curran, 2004).”
Method
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Theory and Validity of Life Satisfaction Scales
Diener, E., Inglehart, R., & Tay, L. (2012) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-012-0076-y · Cited by 1,386
“Luhmann et al. (2012) finding that life satisfaction predicts events more strongly in the immediately ensuing years than years later points to the likelihood that life dissatisfaction is due to dissatisfaction with specific aspects of life such as job or living location that are not fixed.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialLeisure and Subjective Well-Being: A Model of Psychological Mechanisms as Mediating Factors
Newman, D. B., Tay, L., & Diener, E. (2014) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-013-9435-x · Cited by 887
“Life satisfaction is generally measured using a long time frame (e.g., 10 years) whereas positive feelings and negative feelings are measured using short time frames (e.g., 2 weeks or yesterday) (e.g., Luhmann et al. 2012).”
Domain-Specific Physical Activity and Mental Health: A Meta-analysis
White, R. L., Babic, M. J., Parker, P. D., Lubans, D. R., Astell-Burt, T., & Lonsdale, C. (2017) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.12.008 · Cited by 715
“Further, positive affect and life satisfaction are two core components of mental well-being and were also included.(18) Mental ill-health is defined as a broad term encompassing mental health disorders and preclinical mental health problems.”
BackgroundYes, But Are They Happy? Effects of Trait Self‐Control on Affective Well‐Being and Life Satisfaction
Hofmann, W., Luhmann, M., Fisher, R. R., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2013) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12050 · Cited by 634
Self-citationVillani, D., Sorgente, A., Iannello, P., & Antonietti, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01525 · Cited by 435
Metadata
- Authors
- Luhmann, M., Hawkley, L. C., Eid, M., & Cacioppo, J. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Luhmann, Maike
- Venue
- Journal of Research in Personality
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 431-441
- ISSN
- 0092-6566 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3571101
- OpenAlex
- W2007787963
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Research in Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99 RG999999)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG034052)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- emotional well-being, cognitive well-being, time frames, living conditions, personality, measurement convergence, subjective well-being
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