Cited by 1,094Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchForensic Toxicology and Drug AnalysisHops Chemistry and Applications

Chemical constituents of marijuana: The complex mixture of natural cannabinoids

ElSohly, Mahmoud A., Slade, Desmond·2005·Life Sciences

Abstract

The cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.) and products thereof (such as marijuana, hashish and hash oil) have a long history of use both as a medicinal agent and intoxicant. Over the last few years there have been an active debate regarding the medicinal aspects of cannabis. Currently cannabis products are classified as Schedule I drugs under the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Controlled Substances act, which means that the drug is only available for human use as an investigational drug. In addition to the social aspects of the use of the drug and its abuse potential, the issue of approving it as a medicine is further complicated by the complexity of the chemical make up of the plant. This manuscript discusses the chemical constituents of the plant with particular emphasis on the cannabinoids as the class of compounds responsible for the drug's psychological properties.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.09.011

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70 of 70 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Other specialized metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, and stilbenes also contribute to the Cannabis pharmacological profile but remain less studied.

    “While cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), dominate the current understanding of Cannabis bioactivity, other specialized metabolites—including alkaloids, flavonoids, and stilbenes—also contribute to its pharmacological profile but remain less studied [2,9,10].”
  • More than 90 different cannabinoids have been reported in the literature, although some of these are breakdown products, and they are generally classified into 10 subclasses.

    “More than 90 different cannabinoids have been reported in the literature, although some of these are breakdown products (ElSohly and Slade, 2005; Brenneisen, 2007; Radwan et al., 2009; Fischedick et al., 2010) and they are generally classified into 10 subclasses (Brenneisen, 2007).”

    From Cannabis sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules (2016) · cites this paper as ElSohly and Slade, 2005

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Authors
ElSohly, M. A., & Slade, D.
Affiliations
University of Mississippi (US)
Corresponding author
ElSohly, Mahmoud A.
Venue
Life Sciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-12
Volume
78
Issue
5
Pages
539-548
ISSN
0024-3205 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2114062911
Cited by
1,094
References
71
Citations by year
2026: 33 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 104 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 70 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 35
FWCI
1.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Hops Chemistry and Applications
Keywords
cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa, cannabis, hashish, chemical constituents, medical cannabis, Schedule I drug classification, psychoactive effects
MeSH terms
Cannabinoids, Cannabis, Complex Mixtures

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