Microplastic in two South Carolina Estuaries: occurrence, distribution, and composition
Open accessAbstract
Here we report on the distribution of microplastic contamination in two developed estuaries in the Southeastern United States. Average concentration in intertidal sediments of Charleston Harbor and Winyah Bay, both located in South Carolina, U.S.A., was 413.8 ± 76.7 and 221.0 ± 25.6 particles/m 2, respectively. Average concentration in the sea surface microlayer of Charleston Harbor and Winyah Bay was 6.6 ± 1.3 and 30.8 ± 12.1 particles/L, respectively. Concentration in intertidal sediments of the two estuaries was not significantly different (p = 0.58), however, Winyah Bay contained significantly more microplastics in the sea surface microlayer (p = 0.02). While microplastic concentration in these estuaries was comparable to that reported for other estuaries worldwide, Charleston Harbor contained a high abundance of black microplastic fragments believed to be tire wear particles. Our research is the first to survey microplastic contamination in Southeastern U.S. estuaries and to provide insight on the nature and extent of contamination in these habitats.
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In coastal waters, degradation of plastic litter is believed to be a major source of microplastics.
“In coastal waters, the degradation of plastic litter is believed to be a major source of microplastics (Gray et al., 2018), and their presence has received much attention due to their potential to adversely impact a variety of organisms (reviewed by Avio et al., 2017).”
From Degradation of bio-based and biodegradable plastics in a salt marsh habitat: Another potential source of microplastics in coastal waters (2020) · cites this paper as Gray et al., 2018
The Introduction (page unavailable) says microplastics can result from the degradation of large plastic debris. The Discussion (page unavailable) suggests that fragmentation of macroplastic litter produced microplastics found in Charleston Harbor. It does not establish that degradation is a major source across coastal waters generally. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Gray, A. D., Wertz, H., Leads, R. R., & Weinstein, J. E.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- College of Charleston (US)
- Citadel (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gray, Austin D.
- Venue
- Marine Pollution Bulletin
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 128
- Pages
- 223-233
- ISSN
- 0025-326X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2789237218
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 7
- FWCI
- 11.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Marine Pollution Bulletin (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NOAA Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium (E/ER-45)
- State of South Carolina
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Keywords
- microplastics, estuaries, Charleston Harbor, Winyah Bay, intertidal sediments, sea surface microlayer, tire wear particles, microplastic composition, microplastic distribution
- MeSH terms
- Atlantic Ocean, Environmental Monitoring, Plastics, South Carolina, Waste Products, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Geologic Sediments, Estuaries
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