Alterations of fatty acid profiles in gestational diabetes and influence of the diet
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy-induced complication with increased prevalence, especially in overweight women. Fatty acid (FA) composition in tissues can reflect dietary fat intake, especially essential FA intake. Moreover, it has been shown that FA profiles in blood lipid fractions are altered in diabetic patients. Consequently, women with GDM may also have a distinctive FA profile. The objective of this review is compare FA profiles in different blood lipid fractions and the influence of dietary fat intake in women with GDM or normoglycemic pregnancies. Results show that women with GDM have more saturated and less polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) in their red blood cell (RBC) membranes than normoglycemic pregnant women. Moreover, some studies reported that women with GDM have a greater energy intake from total fat and saturated FA, along with a lower energy intake from PUFA, when compared to normoglycemic pregnancies. Clinical trials showed that omega-3 PUFA levels in RBC membranes of GDM women can be restored by a dietary intervention. Further research is required to determine whether FA profiles are altered prior to the diagnosis of GDM and can be prevented by diet.
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Diets high in fiber, micronutrients, and polyunsaturated fats are associated with a reduced risk of GDM.
“while diets high in fiber, micronutrients, and polyunsaturated fats are consistently associated with a reduced risk of GDM [38,39,40].”
From The Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (2018) · cites this paper as [38]
Cites
Free fatty acids, insulin resistance, and pregnancy
Sivan, E., & Boden, G. (2003) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-003-0024-y · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Min, Y., Ghebremeskel, K., Lowy, C., Thomas, B., & Crawford, M. A. (2004) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1275-5 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Plasma AA and DHA levels are not compromised in newly diagnosed gestational diabetic women
Thomas, B., Ghebremeskel, K., Lowy, C., Min, Y., & Crawford, M. A. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601996 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
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The Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Plows, J. F., Stanley, J. L., Baker, P. N., Reynolds, C. M., & Vickers, M. H. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19113342 · Cited by 1,874 · see citing works
“On the other hand, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, including those derived from fish and seafood, have anti-inflammatory properties [38].”
BackgroundCirculating fatty acids and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: prospective analyses in China
Pan, X.-F., Huang, Y., Li, X., Wang, Y., Ye, Y., Chen, H., Marklund, M., Wen, Y., Liu, Y., Zeng, H., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-21-0118 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Zhou, L., Ding, C., Wu, J., Chen, X., Ng, D. M., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., & Shi, N. (2021) · Primary care diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.08.005 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
- Authors
- Taschereau-Charron, A., Da Silva, M. S., Bilodeau, J.-F., Morisset, A.-S., Julien, P., & Rudkowska, I.
- Affiliations
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Rudkowska, Iwona
- ORCID
- Venue
- Maturitas
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 99
- Pages
- 98-104
- ISSN
- 0378-5122 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2581149997
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 0.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Maturitas (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes mellitus, fatty acid composition, dietary fat intake, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary intervention, pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Energy Intake, Diet, Dietary Fats, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Diabetes, Gestational, Overweight
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