In vivo production of novel vitamin D2 hydroxy-derivatives by human placentas, epidermal keratinocytes Caco-2 colon cells and the adrenal gland
Open accessAbstract
We investigated the metabolism of vitamin D2 to hydroxyvitamin D2 metabolites ((OH)D2) by human placentas ex-utero, adrenal glands ex-vivo and cultured human epidermal keratinocytes and colonic Caco-2 cells, and identified 20(OH)D2, 17,20(OH)₂D2, 1,20(OH)₂D2, 25(OH)D2 and 1,25(OH)₂D2 as products. Inhibition of product formation by 22R-hydroxycholesterol indicated involvement of CYP11A1 in 20- and 17-hydroxylation of vitamin D2, while use of ketoconazole indicated involvement of CYP27B1 in 1α-hydroxylation of products. Studies with purified human CYP11A1 confirmed the ability of this enzyme to convert vitamin D2 to 20(OH)D2 and 17,20(OH)₂D2. In placentas and Caco-2 cells, production of 20(OH)D2 was higher than 25(OH)D2 while in human keratinocytes the production of 20(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D2 were comparable. HaCaT keratinocytes showed high accumulation of 1,20(OH)₂D2 relative to 20(OH)D2 indicating substantial CYP27B1 activity. This is the first in vivo evidence for a novel pathway of vitamin D2 metabolism initiated by CYP11A1 and modified by CYP27B1, with the product profile showing tissue- and cell-type specificity.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Molecular modeling using the crystal structure of CYP11A1 predicts that other intermediates of cholesterol synthesis could also serve as substrates for CYP11A1.
“Molecular modeling using the crystal structure of CYP11A1 predicts that other intermediates of cholesterol synthesis could also serve as substrates for CYP11A1.”
From Novel activities of CYP11A1 and their potential physiological significance (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
Recombinant human CYP11A1 shows a similar sequence of reactions for vitamin D2, with 20(OH)D2 as the major product and lower production of 17,20(OH)2D2 and 17,20,24(OH)3D2 and another unidentified D2 metabolite.
“A similar sequence of reactions was seen for recombinant human CYP11A1 [9]. The major product was 20(OH)D2 with lower production of 17,20(OH)2D2 and 17,20,24 (OH)3D2 and another unidentified D2 metabolite [28,29].”
From Novel activities of CYP11A1 and their potential physiological significance (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
Recombinant human CYP11A1 hydroxylates the prodrug 1α(OH)D2 to 1,20(OH)2D2.
“In addition, the prodrug, 1α (OH)D2, could be hydroxylated by recombinant human CYP11A1 to 1,20(OH)2D2 [9].”
From Novel activities of CYP11A1 and their potential physiological significance (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
Caco-2 cells produce more 20(OH)D2 and 17,20(OH)2D2 than HaCaT keratinocytes.
“Also, production of 20(OH)D2 and 17,20(OH)2D2 was higher in Caco-2 cells than in HaCaT keratinocytes [9]”
From Novel activities of CYP11A1 and their potential physiological significance (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
HaCaT keratinocytes produce more 1,20(OH)2D2 than Caco-2 cells.
“but higher production of 1,20(OH)2D2 was seen in HaCaT keratinocytes [9].”
From Novel activities of CYP11A1 and their potential physiological significance (2015) · cites this paper as [9]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Holick, M. F. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra070553 · Cited by 13,720 · see citing works
The Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Physiology of Human Steroidogenesis and Its Disorders
Miller, W. L., & Auchus, R. J. (2011) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2010-0013 · Cited by 2,458 · cited 3× · see citing works
“This reaction intermediate in the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, acts as a specific competitive substrate for CYP11A1 which is the only enzyme reported to metabolize this sterol (Miller and Auchus, 2011; Tuckey, 2005; Tuckey and Cameron, 1993).”
Vitamin D: a millenium perspective
Holick, M. F. (2003) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.10338 · Cited by 1,319 · see citing works
Vitamin D, disease and therapeutic opportunities
Plum, L. A., & DeLuca, H. F. (2010) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3318 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Steroidogenesis in the skin: Implications for local immune functions
Slominski, A., Zbytek, B., Nikolakis, G., Manna, P. R., Skobowiat, C., Zmijewski, M., Li, W., Janjetovic, Z., Postlethwaite, A., Zouboulis, C. C., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.02.006 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Structural basis for pregnenolone biosynthesis by the mitochondrial monooxygenase system
Strushkevich, N., MacKenzie, F., Cherkesova, T., Grabovec, I., Usanov, S., & Park, H.-W. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1019441108 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Progesterone synthesis by the human placenta
Tuckey, R. C. (2005) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2004.06.012 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Taves, M. D., Gomez-Sanchez, C. E., & Soma, K. K. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00100.2011 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 production by human keratinocytes. Kinetics and regulation.
Bikle, D. D., Nemanic, M. K., GEE, E., & Elias, P. W. (1986) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112609 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T., Shehabi, H. Z., Semak, I., Tang, E. K. Y., Nguyen, M. N., Benson, H. A. E., Korik, E., Janjetovic, Z., Chen, J., et al. (2012) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.12-208975 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Self-citationSlominski, A., Zjawiony, J., Wortsman, J., Semak, I., Stewart, J., Pisarchik, A., Sweatman, T., Marcos, J., Dunbar, C., & C. Tuckey, R. (2004) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04356.x · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Ontogeny of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1α-Hydroxylase Expression in Human Placenta and Decidua
Zehnder, D., Evans, K. N., Kilby, M. D., Bulmer, J. N., Innes, B. A., Stewart, P. M., & Hewison, M. (2002) · American Journal Of Pathology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64162-4 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Holick, M. F., Tian, X. Q., & Allen, M. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3124 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Vitamin D 25-hydroxylase – Four decades of searching, are we there yet?
Zhu, J. G., & DeLuca, H. F. (2012) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2012.01.013 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T.-K., Li, W., Yi, A.-K., Postlethwaite, A., & Tuckey, R. C. (2014) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.10.012 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Guryev, O., Carvalho, R. A., Usanov, S., Gilep, A., & Estabrook, R. W. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2336107100 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Bikle, D. D. (2010) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2010.01202.x · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Lehmann, B., Genehr, T., Knuschke, P., Meurer, M., & Pietzsch, J. (2001) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01538.x · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Hong, S. P., Kim, M. J., Jung, M.-Y., Jeon, H., Goo, J., Ahn, S. K., Lee, S. H., Elias, P. M., & Choi, E. H. (2008) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2008.169 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
The cytochrome P450scc system opens an alternate pathway of vitamin D3 metabolism
Slominski, A., Semak, I., Zjawiony, J., Wortsman, J., Li, W., Szczesniewski, A., & Tuckey, R. C. (2005) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04819.x · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Janjetovic, Z., Fuller, B. E., Zmijewski, M. A., Tuckey, R. C., Nguyen, M. N., Sweatman, T., Li, W., Zjawiony, J., Miller, D., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009907 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Prediction of Activation Energies for Hydrogen Abstraction by Cytochrome P450
Olsen, L., Rydberg, P., Rod, T. H., & Ryde, U. (2006) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm060551l · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Janjetovic, Z., Zmijewski, M. A., Tuckey, R. C., DeLeon, D. A., Nguyen, M. N., Pfeffer, L. M., & Slominski, A. T. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005988 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Pathways and products for the metabolism of vitamin D3 by cytochrome P450scc
Tuckey, R. C., Li, W., Zjawiony, J. K., Zmijewski, M. A., Nguyen, M. N., Sweatman, T., Miller, D., & Slominski, A. (2008) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06406.x · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Zbytek, B., Janjetovic, Z., Tuckey, R. C., Zmijewski, M. A., Sweatman, T. W., Jones, E., Nguyen, M. N., & Slominski, A. T. (2008) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2008.62 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T.-K., Janjetovic, Z., Tuckey, R. C., Bieniek, R., Yue, J., Li, W., Chen, J., Nguyen, M. N., Tang, E. K. Y., et al. (2011) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00203.2010 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationColon cancer cells produce immunoregulatory glucocorticoids
Sidler, D., Renzulli, P., Schnoz, C., Berger, B., Schneider-Jakob, S., Flück, C., Inderbitzin, D., Corazza, N., Candinas, D., & Brunner, T. (2011) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2010.629 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Janjetovic, Z., Tuckey, R. C., Nguyen, M. N., Thorpe, E. M., & Slominski, A. T. (2010) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.21992 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Vitamin D receptor, a tumor suppressor in skin
Bikle, D. D. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0367 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The photobiogenesis and metabolism of vitamin D.
Holick, M. F., & Clark, M. B. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Slominski, A., Semak, I., Wortsman, J., Zjawiony, J., Li, W., Zbytek, B., & Tuckey, R. C. (2006) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05302.x · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationHaCaT Cell Line as a Model System for Vitamin D3 Metabolism in Human Skin
Lehmann, B. (1997) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12285640 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
The Vitamin D Receptor as Tumor Suppressor in Skin
Bikle, D. D. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46227-7_14 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Janjetovic, Z., Brozyna, A. A., Tuckey, R. C., Kim, T.-K., Nguyen, M. N., Jozwicki, W., Pfeffer, S. R., Pfeffer, L. M., & Slominski, A. T. (2011) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.458 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Slominski, A., Janjetovic, Z., Tuckey, R. C., Nguyen, M. N., Bhattacharya, K. G., Wang, J., Li, W., Jiao, Y., Gu, W., Brown, M., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-3074 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationTuckey, R. C., Li, W., Shehabi, H. Z., Janjetovic, Z., Nguyen, M. N., Kim, T.-K., Chen, J., Howell, D. E., Benson, H. A. E., Sweatman, T., et al. (2011) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.111.040071 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationSlominski, A. T., Janjetović, Z., Kim, T., Wright, A. C., Grese, L., Riney, S. J., Nguyen, M. N., & Tuckey, R. C. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Lehmann, B., Sauter, W., Knuschke, P., Dreßler, S., & Meurer, M. (2003) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/s00403-003-0387-6 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T.-K., Chen, J., Nguyen, M. N., Li, W., Yates, C. R., Sweatman, T., Janjetovic, Z., & Tuckey, R. C. (2012) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2012.07.027 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, J., Li, C.-M., Wang, J., Ahn, S., Wang, Z., Lü, Y., Dalton, J. T., Miller, D. D., & Li, W. (2011) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.084 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Hume, R., KELLY, R. W., Taylor, P. L., & Boyd, G. S. (1984) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1984.tb08142.x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Fleet, J. C., Wang, L., Olga Vitek, A., Craig, B. Α., & Edenberg, H. J. (2003) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00152.2002 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Kim, T.-K., Wang, J., Janjetovic, Z., Chen, J., Tuckey, R. C., Nguyen, M. N., Tang, E. K. Y., Miller, D., Li, W., & Slominski, A. T. (2012) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2012.04.001 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Woods, S. T., Sadleir, J., Downs, T., Triantopoulos, T., Headlam, M. J., & Tuckey, R. C. (1998) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1006/abbi.1998.0621 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Tuckey, R. C., & Cameron, K. J. (1993) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology · doi:10.1016/0167-4838(93)90180-y · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Vitamin D Receptor, UVR, and Skin Cancer: A Potential Protective Mechanism
Bikle, D. D. (2008) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2008.249 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Tuckey, R. C., Nguyen, M. N., & Slominski, A. T. (2008) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2008.05.006 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Metabolism of vitamin D2 to 17, 20,24-trihydroxyvitamin D2 by cytochrome p450scc (CYP11A1)
Nguyen, M. N., Slominski, A., Li, W., Ng, Y. R., & Tuckey, R. C. (2009) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.108.025619 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Holick, M. F., Holick, S. A., Tavela, T. E., Gallagher, B. M., Schnoes, H. K., & Deluca, H. F. (1975) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1188356 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Hydroxylation of CYP11A1-derived products of vitamin D3 metabolism by human and mouse CYP27B1
Tang, E. K. Y., Chen, J., Janjetovic, Z., Tieu, E. W., Slominski, A. T., Li, W., & Tuckey, R. C. (2013) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.113.050955 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationTang, E. K. Y., Li, W., Janjetovic, Z., Nguyen, M. N., Wang, Z., Slominski, A., & Tuckey, R. C. (2010) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.110.034389 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
(2006) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05447.x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 54 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Holick MF Holick SA Tavela T Gallagher B Schnoes HK DeLuca HF 1975 Synthesis of (6–3H)-1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 and its metabolism in vivo to (3H)-1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 Science 190 576 8 1188356
- Slominski A Janjetovic Z Tuckey RC Nguyen MN Bhattacharya KG Wang J Li W Jiao Y Gu W Brown M Postlethwaite AE 2013a 20S-Hydroxyvitamin D3, noncalcemic product of CYP11A1 action on vitamin D3, exhibits potent antifibrogenic activity in vivo J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98 E298 303 23295467 PMC3565109
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Khundmiri, S. J., Murray, R. D., & Lederer, E. D. (2016) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c140071 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Novel activities of CYP11A1 and their potential physiological significance
Slominski, A. T., Li, W., Kim, T.-K., Semak, I., Wang, J., Zjawiony, J. K., & Tuckey, R. C. (2015) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.11.010 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Self-citationSlominski, A. T., Kim, T., Takeda, Y., Janjetović, Z., Brożyna, A. A., Skobowiat, C., Wang, J., Postlethwaite, A. E., Li, W., Tuckey, R. C., et al. (2014) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.13-242040 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
An Update on the Effects of Vitamin D on the Immune System and Autoimmune Diseases
Sîrbe, C., Rednic, S., Grama, A., & Pop, T. L. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23179784 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
The serum vitamin D metabolome: what we know and what is still to discover
Tuckey, R. C., Cheng, C. Y. S., & Slominski, A. T. (2019) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.09.003 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T., Li, W., Postlethwaite, A. E., Tieu, E. W., Tang, E. K. Y., & Tuckey, R. C. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep14875 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Shin, J., Seo, J. K., Yaylian, R., Huang, A., & Meng, Y. S. (2019) · International Materials Reviews · doi:10.1080/09506608.2019.1653520 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
On the role of skin in the regulation of local and systemic steroidogenic activities
Slominski, A. T., Manna, P. R., & Tuckey, R. C. (2015) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2015.04.006 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Karras, S. Ν., Wagner, C. L., & Castracane, V. D. (2017) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.001 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Vitamin D receptor(s): In the nucleus but also at membranes?
Zmijewski, M. A., & Carlberg, C. (2020) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/exd.14147 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Photoprotective Properties of Vitamin D and Lumisterol Hydroxyderivatives
Slominski, A. T., Chaiprasongsuk, A., Janjetović, Z., Kim, T., Stefan, J., Slominski, R. M., Hanumanthu, V. S., Raman, C., Qayyum, S., Song, Y., et al. (2020) · Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1007/s12013-020-00913-6 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Local Melatoninergic System as the Protector of Skin Integrity
Slominski, A. T., Kleszczyński, K., Semak, I. V., Janjetović, Z., Zmijewski, M. A., Kim, T., Slominski, R. M., Reiter, R. J., & Fischer, T. W. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms151017705 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T.-K., Hobrath, J. V., Oak, A. S. W., Tang, E. K. Y., Tieu, E. W., Li, W., Tuckey, R. C., & Jetten, A. M. (2017) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.09.024 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine Aspects of Skin Aging
Bocheva, G., Slominski, R. M., & Slominski, A. T. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20112798 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Brożyna, A. A., Zmijewski, M. A., Jóźwicki, W., Jetten, A. M., Mason, R. S., Tuckey, R. C., & Elmets, C. A. (2017) · Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1038/labinvest.2017.3 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationSteroid biosynthesis in adipose tissue
Li, J., Papadopoulos, V., & Vihma, V. (2015) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2015.03.016 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T., Janjetović, Z., Brożyna, A. A., Zmijewski, M. A., Xu, H., Sutter, T. R., Tuckey, R. C., Jetten, A. M., & Crossman, D. K. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19103072 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Biological Effects of CYP11A1-Derived Vitamin D and Lumisterol Metabolites in the Skin
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T., Janjetović, Z., Slominski, R. M., Li, W., Jetten, A. M., Indra, A. K., Mason, R. S., & Tuckey, R. C. (2024) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2024.04.022 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
On the role of classical and novel forms of vitamin D in melanoma progression and management
Slominski, A. T., Brożyna, A. A., Skobowiat, C., Zmijewski, M. A., Kim, T., Janjetović, Z., Oak, A. S. W., Jóźwicki, W., Jetten, A. M., Mason, R. S., et al. (2017) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.06.013 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Brożyna, A. A., Jóźwicki, W., & Slominski, A. T. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T.-K., Hobrath, J. V., Janjetovic, Z., Oak, A. S. W., Postlethwaite, A., Lin, Z., Li, W., Takeda, Y., Jetten, A. M., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10202-7 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Risk Factors in Women from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
AlFaris, N. A., AlKehayez, N. M., AlMushawah, F., AlNaeem, A., AlAmri, N., & AlMudawah, E. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56830-z · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Cutaneous glucocorticosteroidogenesis: securing local homeostasis and the skin integrity
Slominski, A. T., Manna, P. R., & Tuckey, R. C. (2014) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/exd.12376 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Vitamin D Signaling in Psoriasis: Pathogenesis and Therapy
Brożyna, A. A., Slominski, R. M., Nedoszytko, B., Zmijewski, M. A., & Slominski, A. T. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23158575 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Janjetovic, Z., Kim, T.-K., Wasilewski, P., Rosas, S., Hanna, S., Sayre, R. M., Dowdy, J. C., Li, W., & Tuckey, R. C. (2015) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.01.014 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Evolutionary formation of melatonin and vitamin D in early life forms: insects take centre stage
Kim, T., Slominski, R. M., Pyza, E., Kleszczyński, K., Tuckey, R. C., Reiter, R. J., Holick, M. F., & Slominski, A. T. (2024) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.13091 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Lemke, D., Klement, R. J., Schweiger, F., Schweiger, B., & Spitz, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.655739 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Khundmiri, S. J., Murray, R. D., & Lederer, E. D. (2016) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2016.tb00690.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
COVID‐19 and Vitamin D: A lesson from the skin
Slominski, R. M., Stefan, J., Athar, M., Holick, M. F., Jetten, A. M., Raman, C., & Slominski, A. T. (2020) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/exd.14170 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Loy, S. L., Lek, N., Yap, F. K. P., Soh, S., Padmapriya, N., Tan, K. H., Biswas, A., Yeo, G. S. H., Kwek, K., Gluckman, P. D., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0142239 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Chen, J., Wang, J., Kim, T., Tieu, E. W., Tang, E. K. Y., Lin, Z., Kovacic, D., Miller, D. D., Postlethwaite, A. E., Tuckey, R. C., et al. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Brożyna, A. A., Zmijewski, M. A., Janjetović, Z., Kim, T., Slominski, R. M., Tuckey, R. C., Mason, R. S., Jetten, A. M., Guroji, P., et al. (2020) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46227-7_13 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Non-Musculoskeletal Benefits of Vitamin D beyond the Musculoskeletal System
Zhang, S., Miller, D. D., & Li, W. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22042128 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Differential antitumor effects of vitamin D analogues on colorectal carcinoma in culture
Wierzbicka, J., Binek, A., Ahrends, T., KA, J. D. N., SZYDŁOWSKA, A., Turczyk, L., Wasiewicz, T., Wierzbicki, P., Sądej, R., Tuckey, R. C., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2015.3088 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Wasiewicz, T., Szyszka, P., Cichorek, M., Janjetović, Z., Tuckey, R. C., Slominski, A. T., & Zmijewski, M. A. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms16046645 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Meijden, K. V. D., Lips, P. T. A. M., van Driel, M., Heijboer, A. C., Schulten, E. A. J. M., den Heijer, M., & Bravenboer, N. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110283 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Lumisterol is metabolized by CYP11A1: discovery of a new pathway
Tuckey, R. C., Slominski, A. T., Cheng, C. Y. S., Chen, J., Kim, T.-K., Xiao, M., & Li, W. (2014) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2014.08.004 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Jenkinson, C., Desai, R., Slominski, A. T., Tuckey, R. C., Hewison, M., & Handelsman, D. J. (2021) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm-2021-0441 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Slominski, A. T., Brożyna, A. A., Kim, T., Elsayed, M., Janjetović, Z., Qayyum, S., Slominski, R. M., Oak, A. S. W., Li, C., Podgórska, E., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2022.5386 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Gezen‐Ak, D., Alaylıoğlu, M., Yurttaş, Z., Çamoğlu, T., Şengül, B., İşler, C., Kina, U. Y., Keskin, E., Atasoy, İ. L., Kafadar, A. M., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109322 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Markiewicz, A., Brożyna, A. A., Podgórska, E., Elas, M., Urbańska, K., Jetten, A. M., Slominski, A. T., Jóźwicki, W., Orłowska-Heitzman, J., Dyduch, G., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45161-8 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Vitamin D3 mediated regulation of steroidogenesis mitigates testicular activity in an aged rat model
Jeremy, M., Gurusubramanian, G., & Roy, V. K. (2019) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.03.016 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Detection of 7-Dehydrocholesterol and Vitamin D3 Derivatives in Honey
Kim, T., Atigadda, V. R., Brzeminski, P., Fabisiak, A., Tang, E. K. Y., Tuckey, R. C., & Slominski, A. T. (2020) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules25112583 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Hänel, A., Neme, A., Malinen, M., Hämäläinen, E., Malmberg, H.-R., Etheve, S., Tuomainen, T., Virtanen, J. K., Bendik, I., & Carlberg, C. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78288-0 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Yu, O. B., & Arnold, L. A. (2016) · ACS Chemical Biology · doi:10.1021/acschembio.6b00569 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Decreased expression of CYP27B1 correlates with the increased aggressiveness of ovarian carcinomas
Brożyna, A. A., Jóźwicki, W., Jochymski, C., & Slominski, A. T. (2014) · Oncology Reports · doi:10.3892/or.2014.3666 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Maj, E., Filip‐Psurska, B., Milczarek, M., Psurski, M., Kutner, A., & Wietrzyk, J. (2017) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2017.4228 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Role of vitamin D3 in selected malignant neoplasms
Markowska, A., Antoszczak, M., Kojs, Z., Bednarek, W., Markowska, J., & Huczyński, A. (2020) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2020.110964 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Jang, H.-H., Choi, Y., Yoo, I., Han, J., Hong, J., Kim, Y. Y., & Ka, H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187221 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Vitamin D3 improves lipophagy-associated renal lipid metabolism and tissue damage in diabetic mice
Lee, H., Lee, H., & Lim, Y. (2020) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2020.06.007 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Huang, D., Guo, Y., Li, X., Pan, M., Liu, J., Zhang, W., & Mai, K. (2021) · Cell Biology and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s10565-021-09647-4 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Wang, L., Wang, C., Wang, J., Huang, X., & Cheng, Y. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep38962 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Vitamin D and COVID-19: where are we now?
Contreras-Bolívar, V., García-Fontana, B., García‐Fontana, C., & Muñoz‐Torres, M. (2021) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2021.2017647 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., & Ma, T. (2017) · DNA and Cell Biology · doi:10.1089/dna.2017.3730 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Soltani‐Zangbar, M. S., Mahmoodpoor, A., Dolati, S., Shamekh, A., Valizadeh, S., Yousefi, M., & Sanaie, S. (2022) · Gene Reports · doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101509 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Rondanelli, M., Moroni, A., Zese, M., Gasparri, C., Riva, A., Petrangolini, G., Perna, S., & Mazzola, G. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12030736 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Extending the vitamin D pathway to vitamin D3 and CYP27A1 in periodontal ligament cells
Zhang, C., Liu, K., & Hou, J. (2020) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.20-0225 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Holick, M. F., & Slominski, A. T. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91386-7.00006-4 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Alternative pathways for vitamin D metabolism
Slominski, A. T., Tuckey, R. C., Jenkinson, C., Li, W., & Jetten, A. M. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91386-7.00001-5 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Beneficial health effects of ultraviolet radiation: expert review and conference report
Riedmann, U., Dibben, C. J. L., de Gruijl, F. R., Gorman, S., Hart, P. H., Hoel, D. G., Levy, C., Lindqvist, P. G., Norval, M., Parikh, S., et al. (2025) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43630-025-00743-6 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hutchinson, P. E., & Pringle, J. H. (2022) · Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research · doi:10.1111/pcmr.13040 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Editorial: Steroids and Secosteroids in the Modulation of Inflammation and Immunity
Slominski, A. T., Mahata, B., Raman, C., & Bereshchenko, O. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.825577 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Moin, A. S. M., Sathyapalan, T., Butler, A. E., & Atkin, S. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.638621 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Adrenal disorders: Is there Any role for vitamin D?
Tirabassi, G., Salvio, G., Altieri, B., Ronchi, C. L., Casa, S. D., Pontecorvi, A., & Balercia, G. (2016) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-016-9391-y · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Yang, J., Zhang, Y., Pan, Y., Sun, C., Liu, Z., Liu, N., Fu, Y., Li, X., Li, Y., & Kong, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.627135 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Reichrath, J., Biersack, F., Wagenpfeil, S., Schöpe, J., Pföhler, C., Saternus, R., & VOGT, T. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.839816 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Althagfan, S. S., Alolayan, S. O., Ahmed, S., Emara, M. M., & Awadallah, M. F. (2021) · Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102073 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Vitamin D as an Adjuvant in Melanoma Therapy
Slominski, A. T., Brożyna, A. A., Jóźwicki, W., & Tuckey, R. C. (2015) · Melanoma Management · doi:10.2217/mmt.14.36 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Melatonin and vitamin D as potential synergistic adjuvants for cancer therapy (Review)
Reiter, R. J., Chuffa, L. G. D. A., Simão, V. A., Giménez, V. M. M., Heras, N. D. L., Spandidos, D. A., & Manucha, W. A. (2024) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2024.5702 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Atoum, M. F., Alzoughool, F. E., Al-Mazaydeh, Z. A., Rammaha, M. S., & Tahtamouni, L. H. (2022) · Tumor Biology · doi:10.3233/tub-211536 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Calcitriol Inhibits Proliferation and Potentially Induces Apoptosis in B16-F10 Cells
Sutedja, E. K., Amarassaphira, D., Goenawan, H., Pratiwi, Y. S., Sylviana, N., Setiabudiawan, B., Suwarsa, O., Judistiani, R. T. D., Supratman, U., & Lesmana, R. (2022) · Medical science monitor basic research/Medical science monitor. Basic research · doi:10.12659/msmbr.935139 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Metabolism of 20-hydroxyvitamin D3 by mouse liver microsomes
Cheng, C. Y. S., Slominski, A. T., & Tuckey, R. C. (2014) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.08.009 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Relevance of vitamin D3 in COVID-19 infection
Afshan, F. U., Nissar, B., Chowdri, N. A., & Ganai, B. A. (2021) · Gene Reports · doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101270 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Julián, C., Lentjes, M. A. H., Huybrechts, I., Luben, R., Wareham, N. J., Moreno, L. A., & Khaw, K. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164160 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Piotrowska, A., Beserra, F. P., Wierzbicka, J., Nowak, J. I., & Zmijewski, M. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.763895 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Metabolic activation of lumisterol to biologically active metabolites and their mechanism of action
Slominski, A. T., Kim, T., Janjetović, Z., Ravichandran, S., Song, Y., Podgórska, E., Slominski, R. M., Ewendt, F., Song, Y., Szpotan, J., et al. (2026) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2026.117711 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Noyola-Martínez, N., Halhali, A., Zaga‐Clavellina, V., Olmos‐Ortiz, A., Larrea, F., & Barrera, D. (2016) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.11.015 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hossain, S. A., Liu, Z., & Wood, R. J. (2020) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.10797 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Lin, M., Lim, L., Tsai, S., Jian, F.-X., Hwang, S., Lin, Y., & Chiu, Y. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82216-1 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Vitamin D in autoimmune bullous disease
Tukaj, S. (2020) · Acta Biochimica Polonica · doi:10.18388/abp.2020_2905 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Design, Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel Gemini 20S-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Analogs.
Lin, Z., Marepally, S. R., Kim, T., Janjetović, Z., Oak, A. S. W., Postlethwaite, A. E., Myers, L. K., Tuckey, R. C., Slominski, A. T., Miller, D. D., et al. (2016) · PubMed · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Vitamin D endocrine system in breast cancer
Linowiecka, K., Wolnicka-Głubisz, A., & Brożyna, A. A. (2021) · Acta Biochimica Polonica · doi:10.18388/abp.2020_5961 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Gáll, Z., Csukor, B., Urkon, M., Farczádi, L., & Kolcsár, M. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics12051229 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Le, J., Lv, Z., Peng, R., Li, Y., & Wang, S. (2023) · Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1093/labmed/lmad005 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Milk protein complexation enhances post prandial vitamin D 3 absorption in rats
Lindahl, I. E. I., Danielsen, M., Dalsgaard, T. K., Rejnmark, L., Bollen, P. J. A., & Bertram, H. C. (2020) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d0fo01062f · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Serum Vitamin D Concentrations in Baboons (Papio spp.) during Pregnancy and Obesity.
Schlabritz‐Loutsevitch, N., Comuzzie, A. G., Mahaney, M. M., Hubbard, G. B., Dick, E. J., Koçak, M., Gupta, S., Carrillo, M., Schenone, M., Postlethwaite, A. E., et al. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The role of the transsulfuration pathway in spermatogenesis of vitamin D deficient mice
Jamshidian-Ghalehsefidi, N., Rabiee, F., Tavalaee, M., Kiani, S., Pouriayevali, F., Razi, M., Dattilo, M., & Nasr‐Esfahani, M. H. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-45986-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Fabregat-Cabello, N., Darimont, P., Huyghebaert, L., Reynier, P., Annweiler, C., Miléa, D., Goff, C. M. L., & Cavalier, E. (2019) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c9ay01896d · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Elbeialy, A. A., Bauomi, A. M., Elnaggar, B. M., & Elzomor, H. M. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-01698-1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
RetractedWang, C.-K., Chang, C., Chu, T.-W. D., & Liang, Y. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13122257 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Xia, Y., Zhao, G., Lin, J., Li, C., Lin, C., Jiang, N., Xu, Q., & Wang, Q. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0164717 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Wise, S. A., Hahm, G., Burdette, C. Q., Tai, S. S.-C., Camara, J. E., Sempos, C. T., & Williams, E. L. (2023) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106318 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Vitamin D Status in a Rural Italian Population
Morsilli, O., Guerriero, R., Palmieri, L., Noce, C. L., Zeller, T., Blankenberg, S., Lonardo, A. D., Vannucchi, S., Gabbianelli, M., & Donfrancesco, C. (2021) · Reports — Medical Cases Images and Videos · doi:10.3390/reports5010001 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ghajar-Rahimi, G., & Yusuf, N. (2025) · Melanoma Management · doi:10.1080/20450885.2025.2505400 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Is There a Relation Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and Gestational Diabetess
Petroaie, A. D., Popovici, R. M., Cosmescu, A., Cărăuleanu, A., Paraschiv, C., Eşanu, I., & Grigore, M. (2020) · Revista de Chimie · doi:10.37358/rc.20.4.8080 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Elbeialy, A. A., Bauomi, A. M., Elnaggar, B. M., & Elzomor, H. M. (2022) · Journal of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Surgery · doi:10.29245/2767-5130/2022/1.1153 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
(КФУ), К. Ф. У., Кравцова, О. А., Лангенбах, Л. А., & (КФУ), К. Ф. У. (2020) · ICSP «NEW SCIENCE» eBooks · doi:10.46916/11122020-3-978-5-00174-067-4
Psoriasis and other skin disorders
Reichrath, J., & Holick, M. F. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91338-6.00054-9
Vitamin D and Immune Function: Unraveling the Connections
Louis, L. R. P., Kannan, S., Shanmugham, D., Balakrishnan, J., & Nagarajan, P. (2024) · Advances in biochemistry in health and disease · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-55489-6_16
Features of vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy
Александровна, К. И., Pigarova, E. A., Vorotnikova, S. Y., Bibik, E. E., & Dzeranova, L. (2025) · Obesity and metabolism · doi:10.14341/omet13217
- Authors
- Slominski, A. T., Kim, T.-K., Shehabi, H. Z., Tang, E. K. Y., Benson, H. A. E., Semak, I., Lin, Z., Yates, C. R., Wang, J., Li, W., & Tuckey, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Curtin University (AU)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Belarusian State University (BY)
- Corresponding author
- Slominski, Andrzej T.
- Tuckey, Robert C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 383
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 181-192
- ISSN
- 0303-7207 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3997123
- OpenAlex
- W1968274590
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10
- FWCI
- 8.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (submittedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1s10od010678-01)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR052190, R21AR063242, R01AR056666)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, CYP11A1, CYP27B1, 22R-hydroxycholesterol, ketoconazole, placenta, epidermal keratinocytes, Caco-2 cells, adrenal gland
- MeSH terms
- Epidermal Cells, Adrenal Glands, Animals, Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme, Epidermis, Ergocalciferols, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Hydroxycholesterols, Hydroxylation, Ketoconazole, Mitochondria, Organ Specificity, Placenta, Pregnancy, Recombinant Proteins, 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase, Signal Transduction, Keratinocytes, Rats, Wistar, Caco-2 Cells, Tissue Culture Techniques, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review