Real time system on chip based wearable cardiac activity monitoring sensor
Open accessAbstract
In this research, a real time low power wearable cardiac activity monitoring device is introduced to display real time electrocardiography (ECG) signal and heart rate (HR). ECG records heart’s electrical activity and heart rate measures the contraction of the heart. The developed device consumes very less power as SoC used in this research has power consumption of 85 μW at 1.1V supply voltage. To measure heart rate and ECG waveform, the pre-gelled ECG electrodes are attached on the RA, LA and LL positon of the human’s body. These pre-gelled ECG electrodes attached to the ECG lead which is further connected to the ECG device. The ECG system is validated and the measured average HR of the subject was 71 to 82 beats per minute (BPM) and ECG graph was also plotted.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The preprocessing stage requires negligible energy, around tens of nJ.
“The preprocessing stage requires negligible energy, around tens of nJ66.”
From Flexible self-rectifying synapse array for energy-efficient edge multiplication in electrocardiogram diagnosis (2025) · cites this paper as [66]
Cites
An Injectable 64 nW ECG Mixed-Signal SoC in 65 nm for Arrhythmia Monitoring
Chen, Y., Jeon, D., Lee, Y., Kim, Y., Foo, Z., Lee, I., Langhals, N. B., Kruger, G. H., Oral, H., Berenfeld, O., et al. (2014) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2014.2364036 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Discrete-wavelet-transform-based noise removal and feature extraction for ECG signals
Lin, H.-Y., Liang, S.-H., Ho, Y., Lin, Y.-H., & Ma, H. (2014) · IRBM · doi:10.1016/j.irbm.2014.10.004 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Miao, F., Cheng, Y., He, Y., He, Q., & Li, Y. (2015) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s150511465 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
A 0.20 $\text {mm}^2$ 3 nW Signal Acquisition IC for Miniature Sensor Nodes in 65 nm CMOS
Harpe, P., Gao, H., Dommele, R. V., Cantatore, E., & van Roermund, A. H. M. (2016) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2015.2487270 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
A Fully Reconfigurable Low-Noise Biopotential Sensing Amplifier With 1.96 Noise Efficiency Factor
Wang, T.-Y., Lai, M.-R., Twigg, C. M., & Peng, S.-Y. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2013.2278659 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
A 3-Lead ECG-on-Chip with QRS Detection and Lossless Compression for Wireless Sensors
John, D., Zhang, X., Heng, C.-H., & Lian, Y. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits & Systems II Express Briefs · doi:10.1109/tcsii.2016.2613564 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
History of Electrocardiography
Keele, K. D. (1987) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198701153160315 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Tseng, K. C., Lin, B., Liao, L., Wang, Y.-T., & Wang, Y. (2013) · IEEE Systems Journal · doi:10.1109/jsyst.2013.2260620 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Development of Novel Non-Contact Electrodes for Mobile Electrocardiogram Monitoring System
Lin, B., Chou, W., Wang, H.-Y., Huang, Y., & Pan, J. (2013) · IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine · doi:10.1109/jtehm.2013.2253598 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
A 0.7-V 17.4-/spl mu/W 3-Lead Wireless ECG SoC
Khayatzadeh, M., Zhang, X., Tan, J., Liew, W.-S., & Lian, Y. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2013.2279398 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
An Energy Efficient ECG Signal Processor Detecting Cardiovascular Diseases on Smartphone
Jain, S., & Bhaumik, B. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2016.2592382 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
A 0.09 $\mu$ W Low Power Front-End Biopotential Amplifier for Biosignal Recording
Tseng, Y., Ho, Y., Kao, S.-T., & Su, C. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2012.2188029 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
A Wearable Cardiac Monitor for Long-Term Data Acquisition and Analysis
Winokur, E. S., Delano, M. K., & Sodini, C. G. (2012) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2012.2217958 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Chen, C.-Y., Chang, C., Chang, C., Lai, S.-C., Chien, T., Huang, H.-Y., Chiou, J., & Luo, C. (2013) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s130303077 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A wearable H-shirt for exercise ECG monitoring and individual lactate threshold computing
Sun, F., Yi, C., Li, W., & Li, Y. (2017) · Computers in Industry · doi:10.1016/j.compind.2017.06.004 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Doleschel, S., Wunderlich, R., & Heinen, S. J. (2015) · Journal of Medical Systems · doi:10.1007/s10916-015-0223-5 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
A 680 nA ECG Acquisition IC for Leadless Pacemaker Applications
Yan, L., Harpe, P. J. A., Pamula, V. R., Osawa, M., Harada, Y., Tamiya, K., Hoof, C. A. V., & Yazıcıoğlu, R. F. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2014.2377073 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
A 0.6-V, 0.015-mm2, Time-Based ECG Readout for Ambulatory Applications in 40-nm CMOS
Mohan, R., Zaliasl, S., Gielen, G. E., Hoof, C. A. V., Yazıcıoğlu, R. F., & Helleputte, N. V. (2016) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/jssc.2016.2615320 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
He, D. D., & Sodini, C. G. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2014.2346761 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Wearable Fetal ECG Monitoring System from Abdominal Electrocardiography Recording
Zhang, Y., Gu, A., Xiao, Z., Xing, Y., Yang, C., Li, J., & Liu, C. (2022) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios12070475 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Ye-Lin, Y., Bueno-Barrachina, J.-M., Prats-Boluda, G., de Sanabria, R. R., & Garcia‐Casado, J. (2016) · Measurement · doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.11.009 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Low Power Personalized ECG Based System Design Methodology for Remote Cardiac Health Monitoring
Vemishetty, N., Patra, P., Jha, P. K., Chivukula, K. B., Vala, C. K., Jagirdar, A., Gudur, V. Y., Acharyya, A., & Dutta, A. (2016) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2016.2629486 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Design and Validation of Wearable Smartphone Based Wireless Cardiac Activity Monitoring Sensor
Singh, M., Singh, G., Singh, J., & Kumar, Y. (2021) · Wireless Personal Communications · doi:10.1007/s11277-021-08219-3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 25 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Li, J., Ma, J., Omisore, O. M., Liu, Y., Tang, H., Ao, P., Yan, Y., Wang, L., & Nie, Z. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems · doi:10.1109/tnnls.2023.3279383 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Samy, M. R. K. M., & Gudipalli, A. (2023) · Measurement Sensors · doi:10.1016/j.measen.2023.100849 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Lee, Y., Rhee, H., Kim, G., Cheong, W. H., Kim, D. H., Song, H., Kay, S. N., Lee, J., & Kim, K. M. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-59589-2 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Jaffar, A. Y. (2024) · Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research · doi:10.48084/etasr.8270 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Development of wearable textile patch antenna 2.43 GHz for biomedical applications
(2024) · International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration · doi:10.19101/ijatee.2023.10102312 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Abazari, A. M., Alizadeh, A., Gerdroodbary, M. B., & Salavatidezfouli, S. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-24716-3.00001-2 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A portable system for non-invasive cardiovascular monitoring in older adults: design and validation
Bencivenga, C., Cangemi, R., Basili, S., Polimeni, A., D’Alvia, L., & Prete, Z. D. (2026) · Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express · doi:10.1088/2057-1976/ae3e9d · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Choudhury, A., Sarma, K. K., & Dutta, L. (2026) · AI & Innovation · doi:10.1002/aiv2.70001 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cho, H., Yun, J., Goh, T. S., Lee, J. S., & Kim, D. (2026) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.75823 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ayat, Y., Moussati, A. E., Mir, I., & Aouni, A. E. (2024) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68660-3_28 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Design And Implementation Of An Analog And Mixed-Signal System On Chip For Ecg Monitoring
Pawar, A. (2024) · i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology · doi:10.26634/jfet.19.4.20881
A Breathable 1.1 oz Ripstop Nylon (BRN) Based Wearable Dry ECG Sensors A Pilot Study
Sriraam, N., Akash, S. V., Heggade, N. R., Arun, U., Prakash, V., & Prakash, V. S. R. (2025) · Lecture notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-77078-4_26
Mohammed, A. F., Sahu, D. P., Tyagi, R., Pundhir, P., Hussien, R. R., & Kamboj, S. (2024) · Global AI Summit - International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technology (AI Summit) · doi:10.1109/globalaisummit62156.2024.10947772
IoT in Healthcare a Comprehensive Review
Kundu, A., Choudhury, S., Ghosh, S., & Kar, R. (2026) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-9494-5_44
- Authors
- Jain, A., Singh, M., & Singh, B.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Singh, Mandeep
- ORCID
- Singh, Mandeep
- Venue
- Measurement: Sensors
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-12
- Volume
- 24
- Pages
- 100523
- ISSN
- 2665-9174 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4306252863
- Cited by
- 15
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 1.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Measurement Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Wireless Body Area Networks
- Keywords
- wearable cardiac monitoring, electrocardiogram, heart rate monitoring, system-on-chip, low-power sensors, ECG leads, cardiac implantable electronic devices
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review