The utility of fasting glucose for detection of prediabetes

Cheng, Cynthia; Kushner, Harvey; Falkner, Bonita E.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2005.10.003

Cited by 55Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes Treatment and Management

The utility of fasting glucose for detection of prediabetes

Cheng, Cynthia, Kushner, Harvey, Falkner, Bonita E.·2006·Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.10.003

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Abstract

Treatment of prediabetes attenuates progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) previously defined prediabetes as either impaired fasting glucose (IFG) = 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L (110-125 mg/dL) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (2-hour postload glucose of 7.8-11.0 mmol/L [140-199 mg/dL]). For practical reasons, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is commonly used for diabetes screening. Recently, the ADA lowered the fasting glucose threshold value for IFG from 110 to 100 mg/dL. Our objective was to determine the utility of FPG alone for detecting prediabetes in African Americans. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data from a cohort of 304 young adult African American men and women were examined. We calculated prediabetes prevalence using the previous ADA criteria and examined the effect of lowering the IFG threshold value for IFG to 100 mg/dL. The prediabetes prevalence in this cohort using the previous ADA criteria was 20.4% (n = 62). Of the 62 cases, 8 had IFG, 45 had IGT, and 9 had IFG together with IGT. Fasting plasma glucose testing alone detected 17 (27.4%) prediabetic cases, whereas a complete OGTT detected 54 (87.1%). Lowering the IFG threshold value to FPG = 100 mg/dL identified 13 of the 45 IGT-only cases. However, this lower IFG threshold increased prediabetes prevalence in the overall cohort from 20.4% to 31.9%. In conclusion, in young adult African Americans, an ethnic group at high risk for developing diabetes, FPG testing alone may be inadequate for diagnosing prediabetes. Until alternative strategies are identified, an OGTT is presently the best method for detecting the prediabetic condition in these high-risk patients.

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“The number of participants diagnosed with T2DM in the control groups in the included trials was higher than that estimated from observational studies (Cheng 2006; Morris 2013).”
From Diet, physical activity or both for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (2017) · cites this paper as Cheng 2006

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Baye, A. M., Fenta, T. G., Karuranga, S., Nnakenyi, I. D., Young, E. E., Palmer, C., Pearson, E. R., Ulasi, I., & Dawed, A. Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1501383 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Effect of Lowering the Threshold for Diagnosis of Impaired Fasting Glucose
Kim, S. H., Shim, W. S., Kim, E. A., Kim, E. J., Lee, S. H., Hong, S. B., Kim, Y., Park, S., Lim, J. W., Lee, H. J., et al. (2008) · Yonsei Medical Journal · doi:10.3349/ymj.2008.49.2.217 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Authors: Cheng, C., Kushner, H., & Falkner, B. E.
Affiliations: Thomas Jefferson University Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Cheng, Cynthia
ORCID: Kushner, Harvey
Falkner, Bonita E.
Venue: Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-04
Volume: 55
Issue: 4
Pages: 434-438
ISSN: 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.10.003
OpenAlex: W2026531287
Cited by: 55
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 3.17
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL051547, HL-51547)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-46107, R01DK046107)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords: prediabetes, fasting blood glucose, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, oral glucose tolerance test, type 2 diabetes, African Americans, prediabetes prevalence, diagnostic thresholds, diabetes screening
MeSH terms: Adult, Black or African American, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Differential Threshold, Fasting, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Male, Prediabetic State, Cohort Studies, Prevalence

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The utility of fasting glucose for detection of prediabetes

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