Predictors of anxiety among pregnant New Zealand women hospitalised for complications and a community comparison group
Abstract
Objective to investigate predictors of anxiety for women experiencing hospitalisation during pregnancy and a comparison group of pregnant women (with or without medical complications) in the community.Design correlational, cross-sectional observational questionnaire study.Setting regional antenatal inpatient unit and community-based settings in New Zealand in 2009 and 2010.Participants 118 pregnant women in hospital and 114 pregnant women in community.Measurements and findings women in hospital and community groups completed a battery of questionnaires on pregnancy and health history, life events, anxiety, optimism, coping, and relationship factors. Midwives caring for the women provided ratings of health status and psychological distress. Both groups of women had scores on state anxiety significantly above local norms; women in the hospital were significantly higher than those in the community on state anxiety and worry about their pregnancy. The groups did not differ on factors such as life events, optimism, and coping self-efficacy. Ratings of health and distress made by women and their midwives showed poor agreement. Predictors of acute anxiety differed across the groups: for hospitalised women, anxiety was predicted by their rating of their health and their dispositional optimism; for women in the community, anxiety was predicted by stressful life events, dispositional optimism, and coping self-efficacy.Key conclusions many women hospitalised during pregnancy are extremely anxious, and those most vulnerable are those who are less optimistic and see their health as poor. Health care professionals may not be aware of how anxious women are, and women and their hospital caregivers had poor agreement on ratings of the woman׳s health status.Implications for research and practice women hospitalised during pregnancy are at risk for high levels of anxiety. Midwives are well placed to help women by recognising their distress, supporting informed optimism, and guiding women toward realistic coping strategies and using existing social support networks. Research is needed on strategies for implementation and effectiveness of brief interventions to support women to manage anxiety and stress during pregnancy both in hospital and in the community.
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The anxiety outcome meta-analysis included 7 studies of 851 women.
“Seventeen studies of 1,998 women were included in the meta-analysis of depression outcome42–58 (Table 1) and 7 studies of 851 women included in the anxiety outcome42,43,45–47,58,59 (Table 2).”
From Prevalence of Depression or Anxiety During Antepartum Hospitalizations for Obstetric Complications (2021) · cites this paper as [59]
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Raizman, E. (2019) · Iris Journal of Nursing & Care · doi:10.33552/ijnc.2019.02.000534
Lowe, L.-A., & Betts, D. (2023) · Medical Acupuncture · doi:10.1089/acu.2022.0062
Nurfauzia, Y. P. (2023) · Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science · doi:10.53555/nnmhs.v9i8.1792
PSYCHOPROPHYLAXIS EFFECT ON POSTPARTUM PERIOD
Νάτσιου, Κ. (2025) · International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH · doi:10.29121/granthaalayah.v13.i7.2025.6243
The relationship between perceived spousal support and stress coping levels in pregnant women
Özer, Z. R., & Kılıç, M. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-08204-9
- Authors
- Barber, C. C., & Starkey, N. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Waikato (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Barber, Carol Cornsweet
- Venue
- Midwifery
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 888-896
- ISSN
- 0266-6138 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2140307008
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Midwifery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Waikato Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences
- University of Waikato Summer Research Programme
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Keywords
- prenatal anxiety, state anxiety, dispositional optimism, coping self-efficacy, life events, predictors of anxiety, social support
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Anxiety, Attitude to Health, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, New Zealand, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Comorbidity, Pregnant People, Young Adult
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