MeNA, Controlled by Reversible Methylation of Nicotinate, Is an NAD Precursor that Undergoes Long-Distance Transport in Arabidopsis
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis, including synthesis from aspartate via the de novo pathway and from nicotinate (NA) via the Preiss-Handler pathway, is conserved in land plants. Diverse species of NA conjugates, which are mainly involved in NA detoxification, were also found in all tested land plants. Among these conjugates, MeNA (NA methyl ester) has been widely detected in angiosperm plants, although its physiological function and the underlying mechanism for its production in planta remain largely unknown. Here, we show that MeNA is an NAD precursor undergoing more efficient long-distance transport between organs than NA and nicotinamide in Arabidopsis. We found that Arabidopsis has one methyltransferase (designated AtNaMT1) capable of catalyzing carboxyl methylation of NA to yield MeNA and one methyl esterase (MES2) predominantly hydrolyzing MeNA back to NA. We further uncovered that the transfer of [14 C]MeNA from the root to leaf was significantly increased in both MES2 knockdown and NaMT1-overexpressing lines, suggesting that both NaMT1 and MES2 fine-tune the long-distance transport of MeNA, which is ultimately utilized for NAD production. Abiotic stress (salt, abscisic acid, and mannitol) treatments, which are known to exacerbate NAD degradation, induce the expression of NaMT1 but suppress MES2 expression, suggesting that MeNA may play a role in stress adaption. Collectively, our study indicates that reversible methylation of NA controls the biosynthesis of MeNA in Arabidopsis, which presumably functions as a detoxification form of free NA for efficient long-distance transport and eventually NAD production especially under abiotic stress, providing new insights into the relationship between NAD biosynthesis and NA conjugation in plants.
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Its synthesis from NA via methylation confers protective and adaptive functions, without an established reutilization as a Preiss-Handler substrate.
“Its synthesis from NA via methylation confers protective and adaptive functions4,48, without an established reutilization as a Preiss–Handler substrate49,50.”
From Trigonelline Is an NAD+ Precursor That Improves Muscle Function during Ageing and Is Reduced in Human Sarcopenia (2024) · cites this paper as [50]
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“Its synthesis from NA via methylation confers protective and adaptive functions 4,48 , without an established reutilization as a Preiss–Handler substrate 49,50 .”
BackgroundDecros, G., Beauvoit, B., Colombié, S., Cabasson, C., Bernillon, S., Arrivault, S., Guenther, M., Belouah, I., Prigent, S., Baldet, P., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01201 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wu, R., Zhang, F., Liu, L., Li, W., Pichersky, E., & Wang, G.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Guodong
- Venue
- Molecular Plant
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-10
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1264-1277
- ISSN
- 1674-2052 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2883889989
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 1.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Plant (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (31270336)
- National Program on Key Basic Research Projects (2013CB127000)
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics of China (2014B0227-05)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- NAD biosynthesis, long-distance transport, Preiss-Handler pathway, abiotic stress, salt stress, abscisic acid, mannitol, Arabidopsis thaliana
- MeSH terms
- Biological Transport, Methylation, NAD, Niacin, Nicotinic Acids, Oxidoreductases, O-Demethylating, Stress, Physiological, Arabidopsis
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