Cited by 230Biochemical and Molecular ResearchSirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

Microbial NAD Metabolism: Lessons from Comparative Genomics

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Gazzaniga, Francesca, Stebbins, Rebecca, Chang, Sheila Z., McPeek, Mark A., Brenner, Charles·2009·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews

Abstract

SUMMARY: NAD is a coenzyme for redox reactions and a substrate of NAD-consuming enzymes, including ADP-ribose transferases, Sir2-related protein lysine deacetylases, and bacterial DNA ligases. Microorganisms that synthesize NAD from as few as one to as many as five of the six identified biosynthetic precursors have been identified. De novo NAD synthesis from aspartate or tryptophan is neither universal nor strictly aerobic. Salvage NAD synthesis from nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide riboside, and nicotinic acid riboside occurs via modules of different genes. Nicotinamide salvage genes nadV and pncA , found in distinct bacteria, appear to have spread throughout the tree of life via horizontal gene transfer. Biochemical, genetic, and genomic analyses have advanced to the point at which the precursors and pathways utilized by a microorganism can be predicted. Challenges remain in dissecting regulation of pathways.

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  1. [5]Benson, D. A., I. Karsch-Mizrachi, D. J. Lipman, J. Ostell, and D. L. Wheeler. 2005. GenBank. Nucleic Acids Res. 33D34-D38. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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Authors
Gazzaniga, F., Stebbins, R., Chang, S. Z., McPeek, M. A., & Brenner, C.
Affiliations
  • Dartmouth College (US)
  • University of Iowa (US)
Venue
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
Published
2009-09
Volume
73
Issue
3
Pages
529-541
ISSN
  • 1092-2172 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5557
OpenAlex
W2055192452
Cited by
230
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
FWCI
0.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Dartmouth College
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords
NAD+ metabolism, NAD biosynthesis, nicotinamide riboside, horizontal gene transfer, pncA, comparative genomics
MeSH terms
Bacteria, NAD, Genome, Bacterial, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Genomics, Biosynthetic Pathways

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