The DOI matches its Crossref record; 84 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Age-related differences in glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels in the human brain
Abstract
Glucocorticoids and their receptors (GRs) are implicated in dynamic cognitive and neuroendocrine processes mediated by the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, a primary defect in forebrain GR levels can mimic symptoms of depression. We hypothesized that changes in GR mRNA levels may occur in the human brain across the life span thus positioning GR to differentially influence behavior and disease susceptibility. Following in situ hybridization with a riboprobe for human GR mRNA, we employed quantitative film autoradiography to measure expression levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in five age groups (infants, adolescents, young adults, adults, and aged) and in primary visual and visual association cortices for comparison. We detected a main effect of age group on cortical, but not hippocampal GR mRNA, with greater cortical expression in adolescents and adults than in infants or the aged. Increased GR mRNA in prefrontal cortex during adolescence and adulthood suggests that human GR-mediated forebrain regulation of cognition and the neuroendocrine stress response may be more salient during late maturation and at maturity.
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“This neural change, which increases from infancy through childhood and adolescence, might make adolescents more vulnerable to psychiatric illnesses (Perlman et al. 2007).”
From Is Adolescence a Sensitive Period for Sociocultural Processing? (2014) · cites this paper as Perlman et al. 2007
In the citing paper
“One reason why adolescents show increased sensitivity to stress-induced levels of glucocorticoids is the increase in glucocorticoid regulation in the human prefrontal cortex (Perlman et al. 2007).”
From Is Adolescence a Sensitive Period for Sociocultural Processing? (2014) · cites this paper as Perlman et al. 2007
Citations
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Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition
Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2639 · Cited by 6,256
Is Adolescence a Sensitive Period for Sociocultural Processing?
Blakemore, S.-J., & Mills, K. L. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115202 · Cited by 2,264
Stress, sensitive periods and maturational events in adolescent depression
Andersen, S. L., & Teicher, M. H. (2008) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.01.004 · Cited by 1,005
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Eiland, L. R., & Romeo, R. D. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.048 · Cited by 539
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Metadata
- Authors
- Perlman, W. R., Webster, M. J., Herman, M. M., Kleinman, J. E., & Weickert, C. S.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Corresponding author
- Weickert, Cynthia Shannon
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-03
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 447-458
- ISSN
- 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2049840063
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Keywords
- glucocorticoid receptor, age differences, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, visual cortex, visual association cortex, brain development, neuroendocrine stress response, depression, cognitive function, human brain
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Autoradiography, Brain, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, In Situ Hybridization, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
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