What are the later life contributions to reserve, resilience, and compensation?
Open accessAbstract
Many studies have shown that early-life experiences can contribute to later life cognitive reserve and resilience. However, there is evidence to suggest that later life experiences and lifestyle choices can also play a vital role in the brain's ability to respond to and compensate for neural insults associated with aging. Engaging in a diversity of behaviorally, socially, and cognitively rich activities may forge new neural pathways that can perhaps provide greater flexibility in confronting the challenges associated with accumulating brain pathology. Studies of cognitively normal individuals with pathology and of individuals who have aged exceptionally well may provide insights that are generalizable to the overall elderly population.
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Flexibility in later life can reduce the cognitive decline associated with ageing.
“Likewise, flexibility in later life can mitigate the effects of ageing on cognitive decline4.”
From Cognitive and behavioural flexibility: Neural mechanisms and clinical considerations (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Burke, S. N., Mormino, E. C., Rogalski, E. J., Kawas, C. H., Willis, R. J., & Park, D. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Park, Denise C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Aging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 83
- Pages
- 140-144
- ISSN
- 0197-4580 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6989050
- OpenAlex
- W2971493727
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 3.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neurobiology of Aging (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Research Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- cognitive reserve, resilience, compensation, lifestyle choices, brain aging, neuroplasticity, cognitive aging, neuropathology, exceptional longevity, cognitively normal older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Cognition, Humans, Life Style, Cognitive Reserve
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