Differential superior prefrontal activity on initial versus subsequent shifts in naive subjects
Abstract
Flexible adaptation to changing environments requires shifting of a cognitive set, one basic function of the prefrontal cortex. Set shifting, as instantiated in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) administered in a neuropsychological testing room, is typically achieved when subjects have no prior experiences of updating one WCST behavior to another. By contrast, earlier neuroimaging studies typically involved examination of repeated transitions between particular behaviors, to which situation subjects are far from naive. Naive subjects with no prior knowledge of the WCST were recruited in the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study to test set shifting under unknown situations that they experienced for the first time. Prominent activation was revealed in the left superior prefrontal cortex selectively on the initial shifts. On the other hand, the inferior prefrontal cortex was significantly activated on both the initial and subsequent shifts. The superior prefrontal activation distinguishable from the conventional inferior prefrontal activation suggests a selective role of this region in performance of the WCST in naive subjects.
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The brain regions commonly activated by WCST, ID/ED, and TMT involve fronto-parietal and fronto-striatal areas.
“As shown in Table 1 (in the main text), regions commonly activated during these tasks are related to fronto-parietal and fronto-striatal brain regions [59–65].”
From The paradox of cognitive flexibility in autism (2009) · cites this paper as [60]
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The paradox of cognitive flexibility in autism
Geurts, H. M., Corbett, B., & Solomon, M. (2009) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2008.11.006 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
- Authors
- Konishi, S., Morimoto, H., Jimura, K., Asari, T., Chikazoe, J., Yamashita, K.-I., Hirose, S., & Miyashita, Y.
- Affiliations
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Konishi, Seiki
- Miyashita, Yasushi
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 575-580
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1963899272
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- set-shifting, inferior prefrontal cortex, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, cognitive flexibility, naive subjects, prefrontal cortex activation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Prefrontal Cortex
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