Time-Resolved Decoding of Two Processing Chains during Dual-Task Interference
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The human brain exhibits fundamental limitations in multitasking. When subjects engage in a primary task, their ability to respond to a second stimulus is degraded. Two competing models of multitasking have been proposed: either cognitive resources are shared between tasks, or they are allocated to each task serially. Using a novel combination of magneto-encephalography and multivariate pattern analyses, we obtained a precise spatio-temporal decomposition of the brain processes at work during multitasking. We discovered that each task relies on a sequence of brain processes. These sequences can operate in parallel for several hundred milliseconds but beyond ∼ 500 ms, they repel each other: processes evoked by the first task are shortened, while processes of the second task are either lengthened or postponed. These results contradict the resource-sharing model and further demonstrate that the serial model is incomplete. We therefore propose a new theoretical framework for the computational architecture underlying multitasking.
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Early perceptual processing in the first 200 ms can be fully preserved on trials without conscious perception, especially under inattention, whereas conscious appraisal correlates with late events lagging at least 200 ms, such as the P300 or late-positive component, which vanishes almost entirely under inattention or during sleep.
“The first 200 ms of brain activity, corresponding to early perceptual processing, can be fully preserved on trials without conscious perception, particularly under inattention conditions”
From Conscious Processing and the Global Neuronal Workspace Hypothesis (2020) · cites this paper as Marti et al., 2015
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEarly perceptual processing in the first 200 milliseconds can be similar or even identical between conscious and unconscious trials, but conscious perception is associated with late events such as the N2/P3b/P300 component.
“Early perceptual processing in the first 200 milliseconds can be similar or even identical between conscious (i.e., reported) and unconscious (i.e., not reported) trials, [67][68][69] but conscious perception is associated with late events, such as the N2/P3b/P300 component of scalp-event-related potentials in humans.6,[70][71][72]”
From An integrative, multiscale view on neural theories of consciousness (2024) · cites this paper as [67]
The Results section, “Dual-Task Interference Differentially Affects Early and Late Brain Responses” (page unavailable), reports that early Task 2 responses were unaffected by inter-target lag while later responses changed. The Discussion links delayed conscious access to later frontoparietal activity. The cited paper does not establish that processing in the first 200 ms was identical on reported and unreported trials, or identify the late activity as a scalp N2/P3b/P300 component; its recordings were MEG. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe timing of conscious access can be delayed under conditions such as inattention or dual-task situations where the global workspace is already occupied by another conscious object.
“The timing of conscious access can furthermore be delayed under certain conditions, such as inattention or dualtask situations where the global workspace is already occupied by another conscious object.67,73”
From An integrative, multiscale view on neural theories of consciousness (2024) · cites this paper as [67]
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- Authors
- Marti, S., King, J.-R., & Dehaene, S.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Marti, Sébastien
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-12
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1297-1307
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5635959
- OpenAlex
- W2177562842
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8
- FWCI
- 5.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Keywords
- multitasking, dual-task interference, cognitive resource allocation, serial processing model, resource sharing models, time-resolved decoding, multivariate pattern analysis, magnetoencephalography, spatio-temporal decomposition
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Attention, Auditory Perception, Brain, Humans, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Visual Perception, Magnetoencephalography
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