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Cited by 100Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchStress Responses and CortisolNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Exposure to novelty and forced swimming evoke stressor-dependent changes in extracellular GABA in the rat hippocampus

de Groote, L., Linthorst, A.C.E.·2007·Neuroscience
DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.06.030
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Abstract

In the hippocampus, a brain structure critically important in the stress response, GABA controls neuronal activity not only via synaptic inhibition, but also via tonic inhibition through stimulation of extrasynaptic GABA receptors. The extracellular level of GABA may represent a major determinant for tonic inhibition and, therefore, it is surprising that its responsiveness to stress has hardly been investigated. To clarify whether hippocampal extracellular GABA levels change in response to acute stress, we conducted an in vivo microdialysis study in rats. We found that dialysate GABA levels respond to various neuropharmacological manipulations such as reuptake inhibition, elevated concentrations of K(+), tetrodotoxin and baclofen, indicating that a large proportion of hippocampal extracellular GABA depends on neuronal release and that GABA re-uptake plays a role in determining the extracellular levels of this neurotransmitter. Next, rats were exposed to a novel cage or to forced swimming in 25 degrees C water. Interestingly, these two stressors resulted in opposite effects. Novelty caused a fast increase in GABA (120% of baseline), whereas forced swimming resulted in a profound decrease (70% of baseline). To discriminate between the psychological and physical aspects (i.e. the effects on body temperature) of forced swimming, another group of animals was forced to swim at 35 degrees C. This stressor, like novelty, caused an increase in hippocampal GABA, suggesting a stimulatory effect of psychological stress. The effects of novelty could not be blocked by the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist D-Phe-CRF(12-41). These results are the first to demonstrate stressor-dependent changes in hippocampal extracellular GABA; an observation which may be of particular significance for GABAergic tonic inhibition of hippocampal neurons.

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Authors
de Groote, L., & Linthorst, A. C. E.
Affiliations
University of Bristol (GB)
Venue
Neuroscience
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-09
Volume
148
Issue
3
Pages
794-805
ISSN
0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.06.030
OpenAlex
W2012861760
Cited by
100
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
FWCI
2.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
hippocampus, extracellular GABA, acute stress, novelty, forced swim test, tonic inhibition, extrasynaptic GABA receptors, GABA reuptake, body temperature, psychological stress, corticotropin-releasing factor, tetrodotoxin, baclofen, potassium
MeSH terms
Animals, Body Temperature, Corticosterone, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Exploratory Behavior, Fear, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hippocampus, Male, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Potassium, Stress, Psychological, Swimming, Rats, Wistar, Microdialysis, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, GABA Agonists, Sodium Channel Blockers, Extracellular Fluid, Rats

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