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Cited by 54Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsSexual Differentiation and DisordersPharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies

Early exposure to bisphenol A alters neuron and glia number in the rat prefrontal cortex of adult males, but not females

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Sadowski, R.N., Wise, L.M., Park, P.Y., Schantz, S.L., Juraska, J.M.·2014·Neuroscience
DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.038PMC PMC4197082
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Abstract

Previous work has shown that exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) during early development can alter sexual differentiation of the brain in rodents, although few studies have examined effects on areas of the brain associated with cognition. The current study examined if developmental BPA exposure alters the total number of neurons and glia in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in adulthood. Pregnant Long-Evans rats were orally exposed to 0, 4, 40, or 400-μg/kg BPA in corn oil throughout pregnancy. From postnatal days 1 to 9, pups were given daily oral doses of oil or BPA, at doses corresponding to those given during gestation. Brains were examined in adulthood, and the volume of layers 2/3 and layers 5/6 of the mPFC was parcellated. The density of neurons and glia in these layers was quantified stereologically with the optical disector, and density was multiplied by volume for each animal. Males exposed to 400-μg/kg BPA were found to have increased numbers of neurons and glia in layers 5/6. Although there were no significant effects of BPA in layers 2/3, the pattern of increased neuron number in males exposed to 400-μg/kg BPA was similar to that seen in layers 5/6. No effects of BPA were seen in females or in males exposed to the other doses of BPA. This study indicates that males are more susceptible to the long-lasting effects of BPA on anatomy of the mPFC, an area implicated in neurological disorders.

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  • Pre- and perinatal exposures to BPA at or below the TDI (≤50 μg/kg/day) have resulted in adverse effects on memory processes in rodents.

    “In rodents, pre- and perinatal exposures to BPA at or below the TDI (tolerable daily intake; ⩽50 μg/kg/day) have resulted in adverse effects on memory processes [4–9].”

    From The Rapid Effect of Bisphenol-A on Long-Term Potentiation in Hippocampus Involves Estrogen Receptors and ERK Activation (2017) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Discussion (page not provided) says there were no significant changes in reference or working memory in any BPA-exposed group. That includes the 4 and 40 μg/kg/day groups, both below the stated 50 μg/kg/day threshold. This paper therefore reports the opposite of the memory effect attributed to it. (LLM, conf=0.92)

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Authors
Sadowski, R. N., Wise, L. M., Park, P. Y., Schantz, S. L., & Juraska, J. M.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
ORCID
Venue
Neuroscience
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-10
Volume
279
Pages
122-131
ISSN
0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.038
PMC
PMC4197082
OpenAlex
W2080565859
Cited by
54
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5
FWCI
3.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • NIEHS (P20 ES 018163, T32 ES007326)
  • EPA (RD 83459301)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
Keywords
bisphenol A, developmental neurotoxicity, medial prefrontal cortex, neuronal density, glial density, sex differences, prenatal exposure, postnatal exposure, sexual differentiation of the brain
MeSH terms
Bisphenol A Compounds, Animals, Benzhydryl Compounds, Cell Count, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Estrogens, Non-Steroidal, Female, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Male, Neuroglia, Neurons, Organ Size, Phenols, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Sex Characteristics, Prefrontal Cortex, Rats, Long-Evans, White Matter, Gray Matter

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