Sex-related effects of nutritional supplementation of Escherichia coli: Relevance to eating disorders
Abstract
Objectives The biological background of sex-related differences in the development of eating disorders (EDs) is unknown. Recent data showed that gut bacteria Escherichia coli induce autoantibodies against anorexigenic α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) associated with psychopathology in ED. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of E. coli on feeding and autoantibodies against α-MSH and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), between female and male rats. Methods Commensal E. coli K12 were given in a culture medium daily to adult Wistar rats by intragastric gavage over a 3-wk period; control rats received culture medium only. Results Before gavage, E. coli K12 DNA was detected in feces of female but not male rats. E. coli provision was accompanied by an increase in body weight gain in females, but a decrease in body weight gain and food intake in males. Independent of E. coli treatment, plasma levels of anti-α-MSH and ACTH immunoglobulin (Ig)G were higher in female than male rats. Females responded to E. coli by increasing α-MSH IgG levels and affinity, but males by increasing α-MSH IgM levels. Affinity of IgG for ACTH was increased in both E. coli-treated females and males, although with different kinetics. IgG from females stimulated more efficiently α-MSH-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate production by melanocortin 4 receptor-expressing cells compared with IgG from males. Discussion Sex-related response to how E. coli affects feeding and anti-melanocortin…
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E. coli produces ClpB, an antigen-mimetic of α-MSH.
“As mentioned earlier (Section VII.D.), E. coli has been reported to produce caseinolytic protease B (ClpB), a small protein sequence and antigen-mimetic of α-MSH (Breton et al., 2016a;Tennoune et al., 2014;Tennoune et al., 2015).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Tennoune et al., 2015
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Microbiota-gut-brain axis: Modulator of host metabolism and appetite
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Role of the gut microbiota in host appetite control: bacterial growth to animal feeding behaviour
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The microbiota, the gut and the brain in eating and alcohol use disorders: A ‘Ménage à Trois’?
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- Authors
- Tennoune, N., Legrand, R., Ouelaa, W., Breton, J., Lucas, N., Bole-Feysot, C., Rego, J.-C. D., Déchelotte, P., & Fetissov, S. O.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Venue
- Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 498-507
- ISSN
- 0899-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2126771506
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 4.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Eli Lilly and Company
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- Escherichia coli, eating disorders, sex differences, gut microbiota, commensal bacteria, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, ACTH, autoimmunity, dietary intake, weight gain, melanocortin-4 receptor, cAMP signaling, rats
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Adenosine Monophosphate, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, alpha-MSH, Animals, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Autoantibodies, Colon, Eating, Escherichia coli, Feces, Female, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Male, Sex Factors, Weight Gain, Rats, Wistar, Dietary Supplements, Probiotics, Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4, Melanocortins
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