Psychological predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery: A review of the recent research

Wimmelmann, Cathrine L.; Dela, Flemming; Mortensen, Erik L.

doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2013.09.003

Cited by 151Bariatric Surgery and OutcomesObesity, Physical Activity, DietBody Contouring and Surgery

Psychological predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery: A review of the recent research

Wimmelmann, Cathrine L., Dela, Flemming, Mortensen, Erik L.·2014·Obesity Research & Clinical Practice

DOI 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.09.003

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Abstract

Background Morbid obesity is the fastest growing BMI group in the U.S. and the prevalence of morbid obesity worldwide has never been higher. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe forms of obesity especially with regard to a sustained long-term weight loss. Psychological factors are thought to play an important role for maintaining the surgical weight loss. However, results from prior research examining preoperative psychological predictors of weight loss outcome are inconsistent. The aim of this article was to review more recent literature on psychological predictors of surgical weight loss.Methods We searched PubMed, PsycInfo and Web of Science, for original prospective studies with a sample size >30 and at least one year follow-up, using a combination of search terms such as 'bariatric surgery', 'morbid obesity', 'psychological predictors', and 'weight loss'. Only studies published after 2003 were included.Results 19 eligible studies were identified. Psychological predictors of surgical weight loss investigated in the reviewed studies include cognitive function, personality, psychiatric disorder, and eating behaviour.Conclusion In general, recent research remains inconsistent, but the findings suggest that pre-surgical cognitive function, personality, mental health, composite psychological variables and binge eating may predict post-surgical weight loss to the extent that these factors influence post-operative eating behaviour.

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Numerous reviews have examined psychological predictors of weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery.
“Numerous reviews have examined psychological predictors of weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery, which include (but are not limited to) depressive disorders, substance misuse, and disordered eating 3 , 6 , 7 , 8”
From Psychological predictors of adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery: A systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [7]
There has been less focus on predictors of adherence to post-operative instructions regarding lifestyle changes than on psychological predictors of weight loss outcomes.
“but there has been less of focus on predictors of adherence to post‐operative instructions regarding lifestyle changes.”
From Psychological predictors of adherence to lifestyle changes after bariatric surgery: A systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [7]
Preoperative psychiatric disorder was a weaker predictor of weight regain than postoperative psychiatric disorder, likely due to the impact of the latter on eating behavior after bariatric surgery.
“preoperative psychiatric disorder was a weaker predictor of WR than the postoperative psychiatric disorder, likely due to the impact of the latter on eating behavior after BS [85].”
From Weight Regain and Insufficient Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery: Definitions, Prevalence, Mechanisms, Predictors, Prevention and Management Strategies, and Knowledge Gaps—a Scoping Review (2021) · cites this paper as [85]

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Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutrition, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of patients undergoing bariatric procedures – 2019 update: cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists
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Clinical Practice Guidelines For The Perioperative Nutrition, Metabolic, and Nonsurgical Support of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Procedures – 2019 Update: Cosponsored By American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society For Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists
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Authors: Wimmelmann, C. L., Dela, F., & Mortensen, E. L.
Affiliations: University of Copenhagen (DK)
Corresponding author: Wimmelmann, Cathrine L.
ORCID: Wimmelmann, Cathrine L.
Dela, Flemming
Mortensen, Erik L.
Venue: Obesity Research & Clinical Practice
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-07
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: e299-e313
ISSN: 1871-403X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.09.003
OpenAlex: W2133059200
Cited by: 151
References: 103
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 4
FWCI: 1.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Obesity Research & Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Body Contouring and Surgery
Keywords: bariatric surgery, morbid obesity, weight loss, psychological predictors, cognitive function, personality, mental illness, eating behaviour, binge eating, preoperative psychological assessment, long-term weight maintenance
MeSH terms: Cognition, Demography, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Obesity, Morbid, Personality Disorders, Predictive Value of Tests, United States, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome, Bariatric Surgery, Binge-Eating Disorder

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Psychological predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery: A review of the recent research

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