Cited by 59Endometriosis Research and TreatmentPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsPlant and fungal interactions

Endometriosis-induced vaginal hyperalgesia in the rat: Role of the ectopic growths and their innervation

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McAllister, Stacy L., McGinty, Kristina A., Resuehr, David, Berkley, Karen J.·2009·Pain

Abstract

Endometriosis is a painful disorder defined by extrauteral endometrial growths whose contribution to pain symptoms is poorly understood. Endometriosis is created in rats by autotransplanting on abdominal arteries pieces of either uterus (ENDO), which form cysts, or fat (shamENDO), which do not form cysts. ENDO, but not shamENDO induces vaginal hyperalgesia. We tested the hypothesis that the cysts are necessary to maintain vaginal hyperalgesia by assessing the effect of surgically removing them. Complete-cyst-removal eliminated ENDO-induced vaginal hyperalgesia up to 4 months post-operatively. Sham-cyst-removal in ENDO rats, in which cysts were not removed, or partial cyst-removal increased the ENDO-induced hyperalgesia. The decreases and increases both took 3-6 weeks to develop. Changes in ENDO-induced hyperalgesia did not occur in a control group of ENDO rats who had no surgery after ENDO. In a double-surgery control group, neither shamENDO surgery nor a subsequent sham surgery that mimicked "removal" of non-existent cysts influenced vaginal nociception. In a no-surgery control group, vaginal nociception remained stable for >6 months. The increases in ENDO-induced hyperalgesia produced by the sham-cyst-removal surgery were smaller in proestrus than in other estrous stages. During the other stages (but not during proestrus), sympathetic innervation of the cysts increased. These results suggest that maintenance of ENDO-induced vaginal hyperalgesia requires continued presence of at least some ectopic endometrial tissue, and that surgical treatment that fails to remove ectopic endometrial tissue can exacerbate the hyperalgesia, possibly due in part to an increase in the cysts' sympathetic innervation.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.pain.2009.09.022

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  • Completely removing cysts abolishes endometriosis-induced vaginal hyperalgesia, but it returns when rats undergo reproductive senescence.

    “Third, completely removing the cysts abolishes ENDO-induced vaginal hyperalgesia, but returns when rats undergo reproductive senescence (McAllister et al., 2009) at which time their estradiol levels, unlike women and mice, increase significantly (Lu et al., 1979;Berkley et al., 2007).”

    From Chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: translational evidence of the relationship and implications (2011) · cites this paper as McAllister et al., 2009

    The Discussion (§4.1; page unavailable) says complete cyst removal eliminated vaginal hyperalgesia in the rats studied. It also reports a previous finding that removal during the transition into estropause did not prevent later increases in hyperalgesia. That does not establish the claimed sequence in which hyperalgesia was abolished and then returned in those rats. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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  • Endometriosis-induced vaginal hyperalgesia increases when cysts are incompletely removed.

    “Fourth, ENDO-induced vaginal hyperalgesia increases when cysts are incompletely removed (McAllister et al., 2009).”
  • The amount of cystic growth does not correlate with hyperalgesic severity in ENDO rats.

    “the amount of cystic growth does not correlate with hyperalgesic severity [8], [9].”
  • When a failure to remove all cysts during surgery produces an increase in hyperalgesia, that increase is accompanied by an increase in the density of sympathetic fibers in the cysts.

    “Similarly, at that time, when a failure to remove all cysts during surgery produces an increase in hyperalgesia, that increase is accompanied by an increase in the density of sympathetic fibers in the cysts [9].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [15]Dmitrieva N Nikonov A Berkley KJ Endometriosis (ENDO) in the rat: sensitization of afferent fibers that innervate the ectopic growths Program No. xxx.x (in press), 2009 Neuroscience Meeting Planner Chicago, IL Society for Neuroscience 2009 Online

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Authors
McAllister, S. L., McGinty, K. A., Resuehr, D., & Berkley, K. J.
Affiliations
Florida State University (US)
Venue
Pain
Published
2009-12
Volume
147
Issue
1
Pages
255-264
ISSN
0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2033814351
Cited by
59
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
FWCI
4.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Pain (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
NIH (RO1-NS11892)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant and fungal interactions
Keywords
endometriosis, ectopic endometrium, endometriotic cysts, cyst excision, sympathetic innervation, estrous cycle, proestrus, endometriosis surgery, autologous transplantation
MeSH terms
Analysis of Variance, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Endometriosis, Escape Reaction, Female, Hyperalgesia, Pain Measurement, Physical Stimulation, Time Factors, Transplantation, Autologous, Vagina, Pain Threshold, Pelvic Pain, Area Under Curve, Estrous Cycle, Rats

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