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Cited by 186Regulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesDiabetes Treatment and Management

Ghrelin regulation of glucose metabolism

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Poher, Anne-Laure, Tschöp, Matthias H., Müller, Timo D.·2018·Peptides
DOI 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.12.015PMC PMC5805851
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Abstract

The a 28-amino acid peptide ghrelin was discovered in 1999 as a growth hormone (GH) releasing peptide. Soon after its discovery, ghrelin was found to increase body weight and adiposity by acting on the hypothalamic melanocortinergic system. Subsequently, ghrelin was found to exert a series of metabolic effects, overall testifying ghrelin a pleiotropic nature of broad pharmacological interest. Ghrelin acts through the growth hormone secretagogue-receptor (GHS-R), a seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor with high expression in the anterior pituitary, pancreatic islets, thyroid gland, heart and various regions of the brain. Among ghrelins numerous metabolic effects are the most prominent the stimulation of appetite via activation of orexigenic hypothalamic neurocircuits and the food-intake independent stimulation of lipogenesis, which both together lead to an increase in body weight and adiposity. Ghrelin effects beyond the regulation of appetite and GH secretion include the regulation of gut motility, sleep-wake rhythm, taste sensation, reward seeking behaviour, and the regulation of glucose metabolism. The latter received recently increasing recognition because pharmacological inhibition of ghrelin signaling might be of therapeutic value to improve insuin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In this review we highlight the multifaceted nature of ghrelin and summarize its glucoregulatory action and discuss the pharmacological value of ghrelin pathway inhibition for the treatment of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes.

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  • The beneficial role of ghrelin in the central nervous system has been widely discussed, including enhanced cognition.

    “Moreover, the beneficial role of ghrelin in the central nervous system has been widely discussed, including enhanced cognition [48, 59–61].”

    From Protective PLCG2 variants associate with a delayed onset of Alzheimer’s disease among heterozygous APOE ε4 carriers (2026) · cites this paper as [59]

    The section “Ghrelin’s effects beyond the stimulation of food intake” (page unavailable) discusses ghrelin’s effects on hypothalamic circuits and reports possible anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects in mice. It does not report enhanced cognition; searches for cognition, memory, and learning found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Poher, A.-L., Tschöp, M. H., & Müller, T. D.
Affiliations
Helmholtz Munich (DE)
Corresponding author
Müller, Timo D.
ORCID
Venue
Peptides
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-02
Volume
100
Pages
236-242
ISSN
0196-9781 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.peptides.2017.12.015
PMC
PMC5805851
OpenAlex
W2790719843
Cited by
186
References
143
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2012: 1
FWCI
10.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Peptides (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
  • Site cant be reached (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TS226/3-1, TS226/1-1)
  • H2020 European Research Council (695054)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
Keywords
ghrelin, glucose metabolism, growth hormone secretagogue receptor, G protein-coupled receptors, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, appetite regulation, lipogenesis, adiposity
MeSH terms
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Eating, Glucose, Humans, Signal Transduction, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Ghrelin, Receptors, Ghrelin

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