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Effect of short- and long-term protein consumption on appetite and appetite-regulating gastrointestinal hormones, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Kohanmoo, Ali, Faghih, Shiva, Akhlaghi, Masoumeh·2020·Physiology & Behavior
DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113123
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Abstract

Aim High-protein diets are considered as useful diets for weight loss programs. We collected randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effect of protein on appetite and gastrointestinal hormones involved in appetite regulation. Methods Trials were included if participants were healthy adults and isocaloric treatments were used in control and treatment arms. Random-effects model was used to calculate mean difference and 95% confidence intervals. Results In total, 49 publications for acute and 19 articles for long-term effect of protein were included. In acute interventions, protein decreased hunger (-7 mm visual analogue scale (VAS), P Conclusion Results of this meta-analysis showed that acute ingestion of protein suppresses appetite, decreases ghrelin, and augments cholecystokinin and GLP-1. Results of long-term trials are inconclusive and further trials are required before a clear and sound conclusion on these trials could be made.

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Metadata

Authors
Kohanmoo, A., Faghih, S., & Akhlaghi, M.
Venue
Physiology & Behavior
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-11
Volume
226
Pages
113123
ISSN
0031-9384
DOI
10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113123
Cited by
56
References
6
Language
en
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