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Cited by 277Regulation of Appetite and ObesityMuscle metabolism and nutritionDiet and metabolism studies

Higher Protein Intake Preserves Lean Mass and Satiety with Weight Loss in Pre‐obese and Obese Women

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Leidy, Heather J., Carnell, Nadine S., Mattes, Richard D., Campbell, Wayne W.·2007·Obesity
DOI 10.1038/oby.2007.531
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of dietary protein and obesity classification on energy-restriction-induced changes in weight, body composition, appetite, mood, and cardiovascular and kidney health. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Forty-six women, ages 28 to 80, BMI 26 to 37 kg/m(2), followed a 12-week 750-kcal/d energy-deficit diet containing higher protein (HP, 30% protein) or normal protein (NP, 18% protein) and were retrospectively subgrouped according to obesity classification [pre-obese (POB), BMI = 26 to 29.9 kg/m(2); obese (OB), BMI = 30 to 37 kg/m(2)). RESULTS: All subjects lost weight, fat mass, and lean body mass (LBM; p < 0.001). With comparable weight loss, LBM losses were less in HP vs. NP (-1.5 +/- 0.3 vs. -2.8 +/- 0.5 kg; p < 0.05) and POB vs. OB (-1.2 +/- 0.3 vs. -2.9 +/- 0.4 kg; p < 0.005). The main effects of protein and obesity on LBM changes were independent and additive; POB-HP lost less LBM vs. OB-NP (p < 0.05). The energy-restriction-induced decline in satiety was less pronounced in HP vs. NP (p < 0.005). Perceived pleasure increased with HP and decreased with NP (p < 0.05). Lipid-lipoprotein profile and blood pressure improved and kidney function minimally changed with energy restriction (p < 0.05), independently of protein intake. DISCUSSION: Consuming a higher-protein diet and accomplishing weight loss before becoming obese help women preserve LBM. Use of a higher-protein diet also improves perceptions of satiety and pleasure during energy restriction.

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  • Whether increasing protein intake during weight loss can limit the weight-loss-induced loss of fat-free mass is unclear because of conflicting results reported in the literature.

    “Whether increasing protein intake during weight loss can limit the weight-loss-induced loss of fat-free mass is unclear because of conflicting results reported in the literature (54, 56, 96, 98, 101-108).”

    From Preserving Healthy Muscle during Weight Loss (2017) · cites this paper as [103]

    The Body Weight and Body Composition Changes section reports that higher protein intake preserved more lean body mass during weight loss, and the Discussion describes similar findings in earlier studies. The paper therefore supports the possibility that protein limits fat-free-mass loss, but the cited passages do not support the claim that conflicting results make the question unclear. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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  • A dietary approach that includes incorporation of high protein content may preserve lean mass better than a dietary approach with lower protein content.

    “A dietary approach that includes incorporation of high protein content may preserve lean mass better than a dietary approach with lower protein content.73”

    From Changes in lean body mass with <scp>glucagon‐like peptide</scp> ‐1‐based therapies and mitigation strategies (2024) · cites this paper as [73]

  • About a quarter of body mass lost during an energy deficit is fat-free mass, and some of that is probably muscle.

    “Typically, ∼25% of body mass lost in an energy deficit can be attributed to fat-free mass (6), some of which is likely muscle (7).”

    From A randomized controlled trial of the impact of protein supplementation on leg lean mass and integrated muscle protein synthesis during inactivity and energy restriction in older persons (2018) · cites this paper as [6]

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Research works printed but not linked: 16

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  10. Food & Nutrition Board and the Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrates, Fiber, Fat, Protein, and Amino Acids (Macronutrients). Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2002.
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  12. Noakes M, Keogh JB, Foster PR, Clifton PM. Effect of an energy-restricted, high-protein, low-fat diet relative to a conventional high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on weight loss, body composition, nutritional status, and markers of cardio- vascular health in obese women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81: 1298 -306.
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  14. Marques-Lopes I, Ansorena D, Astiasaran I, Forga L, Martinez JA. Postprandial de novo lipogenesis and metabolic changes induced by a high-carbohydrate, low-fat meal in lean and overweight men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:253-61.
  15. Dietary Protein, Obesity, and Weight Loss, Leidy et al. OBESITY Vol. 15 No. 2 February 2007 429
  16. 1930739x, 2007, 2, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1038/oby.2007.531, Wiley Online Library on [31/12/2023]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License

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Authors
Leidy, H. J., Carnell, N. S., Mattes, R. D., & Campbell, W. W.
Affiliations
Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Corresponding author
Leidy, Heather J.
ORCID
Venue
Obesity
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2007-02
Volume
15
Issue
2
Pages
421-429
ISSN
  • 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
  • 1930-739X
DOI
10.1038/oby.2007.531
OpenAlex
W2136188735
Cited by
277
References
11
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 19
FWCI
5.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 2044 d)
Locations
  • Obesity (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Purdue University
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
Keywords
lean body mass preservation, weight loss, caloric restriction, satiety, appetite, pre-obesity, women, body composition, fat mass, mood, perceived enjoyment, blood pressure, renal function
MeSH terms
Adult, Affect, Appetite, Body Composition, Body Weight, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Obesity, Satiation, Weight Loss, Muscle, Skeletal

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