Regulation of HMG-CoA reductase in mammals and yeast
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HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR), a highly conserved, membrane-bound enzyme, catalyzes a rate-limiting step in sterol and isoprenoid biosynthesis and is the primary target of hypocholesterolemic drug therapy. HMGR activity is tightly regulated to ensure maintenance of lipid homeostasis, disruption of which is a major cause of human morbidity and mortality. HMGR regulation takes place at the levels of transcription, translation, post-translational modification and degradation. In this review, we discuss regulation of mammalian, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe HMGR and highlight recent advances in the field. We find that the general features of HMGR regulation, including a requirement for the HMGR-binding protein Insig, are remarkably conserved between mammals and ascomycetous fungi, including S. cerevisiae and S. pombe. However the specific details by which this regulation occurs differ in surprising ways, revealing the broad evolutionary themes underlying both HMGR regulation and Insig function.
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A key checkpoint for ergosterol biosynthesis involves the synthesis of HMG-CoA, catalyzed by HMGR.
“A key checkpoint for ergosterol biosynthesis involves the synthesis of HMG-CoA, catalyzed by HMGR (reviewed in [62]).”
From Regulation of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
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- Authors
- Burg, J. S., & Espenshade, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Espenshade, Peter J.
- Venue
- Progress in Lipid Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 403-410
- ISSN
- 0163-7827 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3184313
- OpenAlex
- W2086024248
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Progress in Lipid Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL077588, HL 077588)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK079637)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- HMG-CoA reductase, Insig, sterol biosynthesis, isoprenoid biosynthesis, lipid homeostasis, transcriptional regulation, post-translational modification, protein degradation, cholesterol-lowering drugs, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, evolutionary conservation, membrane-bound enzyme
- MeSH terms
- Acyl Coenzyme A, Adenylate Kinase, Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases, Mammals, Membrane Proteins, Protein Binding, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces, Sterols, Signal Transduction, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Protein Phosphatase 2
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