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GFAP in health and disease

Middeldorp, J., Hol, E.M.·2011·Progress in Neurobiology

DOI 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.01.005

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Abstract

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main intermediate filament protein in mature astrocytes, but also an important component of the cytoskeleton in astrocytes during development. Major recent developments in astrocyte biology and the discovery of novel intermediate filament functions enticed the interest in the function of GFAP. The discovery of various GFAP splice variants gave an additional boost to explore this protein in more detail. The structural role of GFAP in astrocytes has been widely accepted for a long time, but over the years, GFAP has been shown to be involved in astrocyte functions, which are important during regeneration, synaptic plasticity and reactive gliosis. Moreover, different subpopulations of astrocytes have been identified, which are likely to have distinctive tasks in brain physiology and pathology, and which are not only classified by their spatial and temporal appearance, but also by their specific expression of intermediate filaments, including distinct GFAP isoforms. The presence of these isoforms enhances the complexity of the astrocyte cytoskeleton and is likely to underlie subtype specific functions. In this review we discuss the versatility of the GFAP cytoskeletal network from gene to function with a focus on astrocytes during human brain development, aging and disease.

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Authors: Middeldorp, J., & Hol, E. M.
Affiliations: Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NL)
Corresponding author: Hol, E.M.
ORCID: Middeldorp, J.
Hol, E.M.
Venue: Progress in Neurobiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-03
Volume: 93
Issue: 3
Pages: 421-443
ISSN: 0301-0082 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.01.005
OpenAlex: W1996241541
Cited by: 1,080
References: 251
Citations by year: 2026: 47 · 2025: 76 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 90 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 60 · 2012: 38
FWCI: 28.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Progress in Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
KNAW Research Portal (The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) (publishedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
KNAW research portal (Royal Academy of Art and Sciences (KNAW)) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Skin and Cellular Biology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Connexins and lens biology
Keywords: glial fibrillary acidic protein, astrocytes, intermediate filaments, reactive gliosis, synaptic plasticity, brain regeneration, astrocyte subpopulations, brain development, brain aging, neurodegenerative diseases
MeSH terms: Aging, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Astrocytes, Brain, Cytoskeleton, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Neurons, Sequence Alignment, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Protein Isoforms

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