Cited by 152Tryptophan and brain disordersSchizophrenia research and treatmentNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

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Viral infection, inflammation and schizophrenia

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Kneeland, Rachel E., Fatemi, S. Hossein·2013·Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.02.001PMC PMC3408569

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Abstract

Schizophrenia is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic and environmental etiologies. Prenatal viral/bacterial infections and inflammation play major roles in the genesis of schizophrenia. In this review, we describe a viral model of schizophrenia tested in mice whereby the offspring of mice prenatally infected with influenza at E7, E9, E16, and E18 show significant gene, protein, and brain structural abnormalities postnatally. Similarly, we describe data on rodents exposed to bacterial infection or injected with a synthetic viral mimic (PolyI:C) also demonstrating brain structural and behavioral abnormalities. Moreover, human serologic data has been indispensible in supporting the viral theory of schizophrenia. Individuals born seropositive for bacterial and viral agents are at a significantly elevated risk of developing schizophrenia. While the specific mechanisms of prenatal viral/bacterial infections and brain disorder are unclear, recent findings suggest that the maternal inflammatory response may be associated with fetal brain injury. Preventive and therapeutic treatment options are also proposed. This review presents data related to epidemiology, human serology, and experimental animal models which support the viral model of schizophrenia.

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Authors: Kneeland, R. E., & Fatemi, S. H.
Affiliations: University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author: Fatemi, S. Hossein
ORCID: Fatemi, S. Hossein
Venue: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-04
Volume: 42
Pages: 35-48
ISSN: 0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.02.001
PMC: PMC3408569
OpenAlex: W2002231678
Cited by: 152
References: 241
Citations by year: 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 7
FWCI: 0.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD046589)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords: schizophrenia, prenatal viral infection, maternal inflammation, influenza, mouse model of schizophrenia, poly(I:C), structural brain abnormalities, behavioral abnormalities, serological markers, neurodevelopmental disorders, fetal brain injury, prophylaxis
MeSH terms: Animals, Encephalitis, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Schizophrenia, Central Nervous System Viral Diseases

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