Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces cigarette consumption in schizophrenia patients
Abstract
Introduction High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) seemed to decrease tobacco consumption and craving in nicotine-dependent people without psychiatric disorder or otherwise healthy people. Even if the prevalence of cigarette smoking in schizophrenia patients is high and estimated to be between 45% and 88%, this technique has not been systematically studied in this indication in schizophrenia yet.The aim of the study The aim of this study was to test the ability of high-frequency (10Hz) rTMS over the left DLPFC to decrease cigarette consumption in schizophrenia patients.Methods The study included 35 male schizophrenia patients on stable antipsychotic medication. The patients were divided into two groups: the first (18 patients) were actively stimulated and the second (17 patients) underwent sham (placebo) stimulation. The sham rTMS was administered using a purpose-built sham coil that was identical in appearance to the real coil and made the same noise but did not deliver a substantial stimulus. The rTMS was administered at the stimulation parameters: location (left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: DLPFC), intensity of magnetic stimulation in % of motor threshold (110%), stimulation frequency (10Hz), number of trains (20), single train duration (10s), inter-train interval (30s), and total number of stimulation sessions (21). In each stimulation session, 2000TMSpulses were given, with a total of 42,000pulses per treatment course. Patients noted the number of cigarettes smoked in the 7days before treatment, during the whole stimulation treatment (21days), and again for a 7-day period after treatment.Results Cigarette consumption was statistically significantly lower in the actively stimulated patients than in the sham rTMS group as early as the first week of stimulation. No statistically relevant correlations were found in the changes of ongoing negative or depressive schizophrenia symptoms and the number of cigarettes smoked.Conclusion High-frequency rTMS over the left DLPFC has the ability to decrease the number of cigarettes smoked in schizophrenia patients.
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The Promise of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Treat Addiction
Rabin, R. A., Blumberger, D. M., Daskalakis, Z. J., George, T. P., & Barr, M. S. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137362650_5
Mackowick, M. K. (2014) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive
Gharib, A. M., Haesebaert, F., & Poulet, E. (2019)
Sasiadek, J., Lowe, D. J. E., Rioux, S.-M., & George, T. P. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-68309-8.00008-4
Yang, C., Guo, K., Li, J., Shang, X., Fenfen, E., Wang, Y., Wang, S., Yang, K., Zhang, X., & Li, X. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1460879/v1
Brain Stimulation Methods for Substance Use Disorders
Padda, K. S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-26445-0_6
Mikellides, G. (2023) · doi:10.26481/dis.20230911gm
rTMS Shows Efficacy in Improving Negative Symptoms in Early Psychosis: A Systematic ReviewPreprint
Hrabok, M., Hinde, A. K., & Song, W.-Y. (2024) · doi:10.22541/au.170664170.00769024/v1
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Souki, A., Sharifzadeh, S., Brady, K. T., Hanlon, C. A., Jha, M. K., Lim, K. O., Rakesh, G., Young, J. R., Steele, V. R., Tang, V. M., et al. (2026) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2026.113297
Chapter 12. Circuit-Based Interventions for Substance Use Disorders
Daskalakis, Z. J., & Artin, H. (2025) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9798894550862.lg12
Méthodes de neuromodulation appliquées au trouble de l’usage du tabac
Chevalier, C., & Benzerouk, F. (2026) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.1051/medsci/2026018
- Authors
- Prikryl, R., Ustohal, L., Kucerova, H. P., Kasparek, T., Jarkovsky, J., Hublova, V., Vrzalova, M., & Ceskova, E.
- Affiliations
- Masaryk University (CZ)
- ORCID
- Ustohal, Libor
- Venue
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-03
- Volume
- 49
- Pages
- 30-35
- ISSN
- 0278-5846 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2007295839
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 3.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
- Funders
- Central European Institute of Technology
- European Regional Development Fund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, schizophrenia, cigarette smoking, tobacco use, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, high-frequency stimulation, nicotine craving, smoking cessation, sham stimulation, antipsychotic drugs
- MeSH terms
- Smoking Prevention, Adolescent, Adult, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Schizophrenic Psychology, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Prefrontal Cortex, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Young Adult, Symptom Assessment
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