Hair cortisol and cortisone are decreased by natural sunlight
Abstract
Background and aims Hair glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone) are increasingly used as measures of long-term integrated exposure to glucocorticoid hormones. Glucocorticoids gradually disappear from the hair shaft, which may result from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in natural sunlight. We aimed to study the influence of sun exposure on hair glucocorticoids.Material and methods Scalp hair samples were obtained from nine volunteers (median age 33 [range 21-81], 7 females), and part of each hair sample was exposed to three experimental conditions: repeated exposure to natural sunlight for 40h (natural UV), exposure to a high amount of artificial UV radiation, and storage in the dark (control). Hair cortisol (HairF) and cortisone (HairE) were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Results When compared to control, HairF was decreased in 9 out of 9 hair samples after natural sunlight exposure (median decrease -3.1pg/mg or -54%, P<0.001) and artificial UV radiation (-4.7pg/mg or -75%, P=0.003). HairE decreased in 8 out of 9 samples, both after natural sunlight (-7.6pg/mg or -32%, P=0.012) and artificial UV (-10.7pg/mg or -52%, P=0.026).Conclusions Exposure to natural sunlight decreases the glucocorticoid content of scalp hair, apparently through UV radiation, and is therefore an important confounder that should be considered in studies involving the measurement of hair glucocorticoids.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Large-scale observational evidence and experimental work do not support the idea that higher hair cortisol levels from July to October reflected the impact of summer season or sunlight exposure.
“In sum, large-scale observational evidence and experimental work do not support the idea that higher hair cortisol levels from July to October reflected the impact of summer season or sunlight exposure.”
From Chronic Stress, Hair Cortisol and Depression: A Prospective and Longitudinal Study of Medical Internship (2018) · cites this paper as Wester et al., 2016
Cites
Kirschbaum, C., Tietze, A., Skoluda, N., & Dettenborn, L. (2009) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.08.024 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
Cortisol in Hair and the Metabolic Syndrome
Tobias Stalder, A., Kirschbaum, C., Alexander, N., Bornstein, S. R., Gao, W., Miller, R. E., Stark, S., Bosch, J. A., & Fischer, J. E. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-1056 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Clinical applications of cortisol measurements in hair
Wester, V. L., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2015) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-15-0313 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Self-citationSeasonal Affective Disorder: An Overview: REVIEW
Magnusson, A., & Boivin, D. (2003) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1081/cbi-120019310 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Rippe, R. C. A., Noppe, G., Windhorst, D. A., Tiemeier, H. W., van Rossum, E. F. C., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Verhulst, F. C., Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., van IJzendoorn, M. H., & van den Akker, E. L. T. (2015) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.12.016 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Determinants of hair cortisol and hair cortisone concentrations in adults.
Staufenbiel, S. M., Penninx, B., de Rijke, Y. D., van den Akker, E. V. D., & van Rossum, E. V. (2015) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.06.011 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
LC–MS based analysis of endogenous steroid hormones in human hair
Gao, W., Kirschbaum, C., Graß, J., & Tobias Stalder, A. (2015) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.12.022 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
LC‐MS/MS‐based method for long‐term steroid profiling in human scalp hair
Noppe, G., de Rijke, Y. B., Dorst, K., van den Akker, E. L. T., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2015) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12781 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Manenschijn, L., Koper, J. W., van den Akker, E. L. T., de Heide, L. J. M., Geerdink, E. A. M., de Jong, F. H., Feelders, R. A., & van Rossum, E. F. C. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2012-1852 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationHPLC-FLU detection of cortisol distribution in human hair
Gao, W., Xie, Q., Jin, J., Qiao, T., Wang, H., Chen, L., Deng, H., & Lu, Z. (2010) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2010.01.014 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Record solar UV irradiance in the tropical Andes
Cabrol, N. A., Feister, U., Häder, D.-P., Piazena, H., Grin, E. A., & Klein, A. (2014) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2014.00019 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Time course of cortisol loss in hair segments under immersion in hot water
Li, J., Xie, Q., Gao, W., Xu, Y., Wang, S., Deng, H., & Lu, Z. (2011) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2011.10.024 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Young, R. B., Latch, D. E., Mawhinney, D. B., Nguyen, T.-H., Davis, J. C. C., & Borch, T. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es401689j · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Photoactivation of corticosteroids in UVB-exposed skin
Miolo, G., Caffieri, S., Dalzoppo, D., Gallocchio, F., FASANI, E., & van Henegouwen, G. M. J. B. (2011) · Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.01.009 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
UVB photolysis of hydrocortisone 21-acetate
Caffieri, S., Dall’Acqua, S., Castagliuolo, I., Brun, P., & Miolo, G. (2008) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2008.03.008 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The use of hair cortisol for the assessment of stress in animals
Heimbürge, S., Kanitz, E., & Otten, W. (2018) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.09.016 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Hair cortisol analysis: An update on methodological considerations and clinical applications
Greff, M. J. E., Levine, J. M., Abuzgaia, A. M., Elzagallaai, A. A., Rieder, M. J., & van Uum, S. H. M. (2019) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.09.010 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Mayer, S. E., Lopez-Duran, N. L., Sen, S., & Abelson, J. L. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.020 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Within a hair’s breadth – Factors influencing hair cortisol levels in pigs and cattle
Heimbürge, S., Kanitz, E., Tuchscherer, A., & Otten, W. (2019) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113359 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Parental habituation to human disturbance over time reduces fear of humans in coyote offspring
Schell, C. J., Young, J. K., Lonsdorf, E. V., Santymire, R. M., & Mateo, J. M. (2018) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.4741 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Mustonen, P., Karlsson, L., Scheinin, N. M., Kortesluoma, S., Coimbra, B., Rodrigues, A. J., & Karlsson, H. (2018) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.019 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The embodiment of water insecurity: Injuries and chronic stress in lowland Bolivia
Rosinger, A. Y., Bethancourt, H. J., Young, S. L., & Schultz, A. F. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114490 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Hair cortisol in the evaluation of Cushing syndrome
Hodes, A. D., Lodish, M. B., Tirosh, A., Meyer, J. S., Belyavskaya, E., Lyssikatos, C., Rosenberg, K. L., Demidowich, A. P., Swan, J., Jonas, N., et al. (2017) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-017-1231-7 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Shaheen, M., Schindler‐Gmelch, L., Saar‐Ashkenazy, R., Odeh, K. B., Soreq, H., Friedman, A., & Kirschbaum, C. (2018) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.13271 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Investigation of techniques to measure cortisol and testosterone concentrations in coyote hair
Schell, C. J., Young, J. K., Lonsdorf, E. V., Mateo, J. M., & Santymire, R. M. (2017) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.21359 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Meyer, J. S., & Novak, M. A. (2020) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.22021 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Savas, M., Wester, V. L., de Rijke, Y. B., Rubinstein, G., Zopp, S., Dorst, K., van den Berg, S. A. A., Beuschlein, F., Feelders, R. A., Reincke, M., et al. (2019) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000498886 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationWelfare assessment in dairy cows using hair cortisol as a part of monitoring protocols
Vesel, U., Pavič, T., Ježek, J., Snoj, T., & Starič, J. (2020) · Journal of Dairy Research · doi:10.1017/s0022029920000588 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Colding-Jørgensen, P., Hestehave, S., Abelson, K., & Kalliokoski, O. (2023) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114335 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Analysis of cortisol in dog hair - a potential biomarker of chronic stress: a review
Mesarčová, L., Kottferová, J., Skurková, L., Lešková, L., & Kmecová, N. G. (2017) · Veterinární Medicína · doi:10.17221/19/2017-vetmed · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Determination of cortisone and cortisol in human scalp hair using an improved LC-MS/MS-based method
Mirzaian, M., van Zundert, S. K. M., Schilleman, W. F., Mohseni, M., Kuckuck, S., van Rossum, E. V., van Schaik, R. V., & van den Berg, S. V. D. (2023) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1515/cclm-2023-0341 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Moody, S. N., van Dammen, L., Wang, W., Greder, K. A., Neiderhiser, J. M., Afulani, P. A., Willette, A. A., & Shirtcliff, E. A. (2022) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105805 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Environmental & health impacts of ultraviolet radiation: current trends and mitigation strategies
Mmbando, G. S., & Ngongolo, K. (2024) · Discover Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s43621-024-00698-1 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS IN HAIR, BLOOD AND MILK OF HOLSTEIN AND BUSHA CATTLE
Nedić, S., Pantelić, M., Vranješ‐Đurić, S., Nedic, D. N., Jovanović, L., Čebulj-Kadunc, N., Kobal, S., Snoj, T., & Kirovski, D. (2017) · Slovenian Veterinary Research · doi:10.26873/svr-398-2017 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Hair Cortisol in Sheltered Cows and Its Association with Other Welfare Indicators
Sharma, A., Umapathy, G., Kumar, V., & Phillips, C. J. C. (2019) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani9050248 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Hair cortisol as a biomarker of stress and resilience in South African mixed ancestry females
van den Heuvel, L. L., Acker, D., du Plessis, S., Stalder, T., Suliman, S., Thorne, M., Kirschbaum, C., & Seedat, S. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104543 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Conradt, E. D., Shakiba, N., Ostlund, B. D., Terrell, S., Kaliush, P. R., Shakib, J. H., & Crowell, S. E. (2020) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.21952 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Martins‐Silva, T., Martins, R. C., Murray, J., Carvalho, A. M., Rickes, L. N., Corrêa, B. D. F., Fraga, B. B., Brum, C. B., Freitas, D. F., Meyer, F. D. T., et al. (2024) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107185 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Wang, X., Busch, J. R., Banner, J., Línnet, K., & Johansen, S. S. (2019) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109968 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Natsumi, E. N. D. O., Yamane, H., RAHAYU, L. P., & TANAKA, T. (2017) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.11.027 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Bryson, H., Mensah, F. K., Goldfeld, S. R., Price, A. M. H., & Giallo, R. (2020) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01537-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Hair cortisol as a measure of the stress response to social adversity in young children
Bryson, H., Goldfeld, S. R., Price, A. M. H., & Mensah, F. K. (2019) · Developmental Psychobiology · doi:10.1002/dev.21840 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Intra-individual stability of hair endocannabinoid and N-acylethanolamine concentrations
Gao, W., Schmidt, K., Enge, S., & Kirschbaum, C. (2021) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105395 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Do follicles matter? Testing the effect of follicles on hair cortisol levels
Sergiel, A., Cattet, M., Kapronczai, L., Janz, D. M., Selva, N., Bartoń, K. A., Swenson, J. E., & Zedrosser, A. (2020) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/coaa003 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Igboanugo, S., O'Connor, C., Zitoun, O. A., Ramezan, R., & Mielke, J. G. (2023) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14474 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Shimanoe, C., Matsumoto, A., Hara, M., Akao, C., Nishida, Y., Horita, M., Nanri, H., Higaki, Y., & Tanaka, K. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.105125 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
López-Arjona, M., Tecles, F., Mateo, S. V., Contreras-Aguilar, M. D., Martínez-Miró, S., Cerón, J. M. C., & Martı́nez-Subiela, S. (2020) · The Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105458 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ren, M., Fang, M., Liu, J., Lu, Q., Bao, H., Zhuang, L., Meng, F., Pan, B., Yan, L., Li, Z., et al. (2023) · Hygiene and Environmental Health Advances · doi:10.1016/j.heha.2023.100086 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Phillips, K. A., Tukan, A. N., Rigodanzo, A. D., Reusch, R., Brasky, K. M., & Meyer, J. S. (2018) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.22879 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Schindler‐Gmelch, L., Shaheen, M., Saar‐Ashkenazy, R., Odeh, K. B., Sass, S.-H., Friedman, A., & Kirschbaum, C. (2019) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci9020020 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Huthsteiner, K., Finke, J. B., Peters, E. M. J., Klucken, T., & Tobias Stalder, A. (2025) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2025.107593 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Maternal stress and hair cortisol among pregnant women following hurricane Florence
Howells, M. E., Wander, K., Rivera, L., Arfouni, C., Benhelal, O., Galeano, M. A. O., Schultz, L., Flock, N., & Dancause, K. N. (2022) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.23847 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kim, W. J., Park, K., Park, J. T., Seo, E., An, S. K., Park, H. Y., & Lee, E. M. (2021) · Biology of Sex Differences · doi:10.1186/s13293-021-00399-8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Non-invasive methods for analysing pig welfare biomarkers
Svoboda, M., Němečková, M., Medkova, D., Sardi, L., & Hodkovicova, N. (2024) · Veterinární Medicína · doi:10.17221/17/2024-vetmed · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Smaliukienė, R., Bekešienė, S., Mažeikienė, A., Larsson, G., Karčiauskaitė, D., Mazgelytė, E., & Vaičaitienė, R. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031663 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Bethancourt, H. J., Ulrich, M., Almeida, D. M., & Rosinger, A. Y. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23137 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hair Cortisol: A Biomarker of Chronic Stress in Animals and its Association with Reproduction
Gupta, A., Yadav, U., Bansal, K. N., Bishnoi, M. B., Bala, R., Verma, N., Bhardwaj, S., Kumar, P., Kumar, D., & Yadav, P. (2023) · Animal Reproduction Update · doi:10.48165/aru.2023.3.2.5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Braal, C. L., Veerman, G., Peric, R., Aerts, J. G. J. V., Mathijssen, R. H. J., Koolen, S. L. W., & de Bruijn, P. (2019) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2019.04.031 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Feral Horses and the Influence of Physiological and Social Factors
Medill, S. A., Janz, D. M., & McLoughlin, P. D. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13132133 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Hair cortisol concentration in a population without hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis disorders
Cieszyński, Ł., Jendrzejewski, J., Wiśniewski, P., Owczarzak, A., & Sworczak, K. (2018) · Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.17219/acem/90038 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Auer, M. K., Krumbholz, A., Bidlingmaier, M., Thieme, D., & Reisch, N. (2019) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000504672 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Cortisol: Analytical and clinical determinants
Vega‐Beyhart, A., Castro, M. A., Hanzu, F. A., & Casals, G. (2022) · Advances in clinical chemistry · doi:10.1016/bs.acc.2022.11.005 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Evidence of degradation of hair corticosterone in museum specimens
Stewart, N. D., Reilly, A., Gilman, C. I., Mastromonaco, G. F., & Burness, G. (2018) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.08.011 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hair cortisol stability after 5-year storage: Insights from a sample of 17-year-old adolescents
Berger, É., Findlay, H. P., Giguère, C., LUPIEN, S. J., & Ouellet‐Morin, I. (2024) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100234 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Qiviut cortisol reflects hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus)
Francesco, J. D., Mastromonaco, G. F., Checkley, S., Blake, J. E., Rowell, J. E., & Kutz, S. J. (2021) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113737 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Johnson‐Ferguson, L., Shanahan, L., Bechtiger, L., Steinhoff, A., Zimmermann, J., Baumgartner, M. R., Binz, T. M., Eisner, M., Ribeaud, D., & Quednow, B. B. (2023) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106369 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Horan, H. L., Cheyney, M. J., Torres, E. G., Eick, G. N., Bovbjerg, M. L., & Snodgrass, J. J. (2022) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.23718 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Otten, W., Bartels, T., Heimbürge, S., Tuchscherer, A., & Kanitz, E. (2021) · animal · doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100230 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Michaud, D. S., Thomson, E. M., van Oosterhout, P., & McNamee, J. P. (2022) · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · doi:10.1121/10.0012887 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Otsuki, M., Horimoto, T., Kobayashi, M., Morita, Y., Ijiri, S., & Mitani, Y. (2021) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/coab031 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Soares, D. R. D., Antunes, M. V., & Linden, R. (2021) · Bioanalysis · doi:10.4155/bio-2021-0101 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Are hair cortisol levels dependent on hair growth rate? A pilot study in rhesus macaques
Dettmer, A. M., Novak, M. A., & Meyer, J. S. (2023) · General and Comparative Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114308 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Measuring Hormones: Considerations for Biospecimen Collection, Assay, and Analysis
Moody, S. N., Stephens, A. I., Phan, J., Miočević, O., Kapoor, A., Wang, W., Steenis, A. L. V., Le, S. T., van Dammen, L., & Shirtcliff, E. A. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009000796.020 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
van Harskamp, D., Ackermans, M. T., Wickenhagen, W. V., Heijboer, A. C., & van Goudoever, J. B. (2025) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-025-05878-0 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Guevara, J., Gonzalez, V., Saenz, J. A., Samalot, M. A., Jones, T. Z., Covarrubias, L. P. S., Trejo, C. J., Mohammadi, S., & Sharifan, H. (2024) · Journal of Chemical Education · doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.4c00710 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Analysing and quantifying chronic stress‐associated endogenous steroids in hair samples
Grafinger, K. E., Kassis, W., Favre, C. A., Aksoy, D., & Gaugler, S. (2024) · Drug Testing and Analysis · doi:10.1002/dta.3678 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Hamers, P. C. M., Savas, M., van Rossum, E. F. C., de Rijke, Y. B., Bindels, P., Festen, D. A. M., & Hermans, H. (2021) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12899 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Mariti, C., Russo, G., Mazzoni, C., Borrelli, C., Gori, E., Habermaass, V., & Marchetti, V. (2025) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani15131901 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hair testosterone and cortisol interactively predict problematic pornography use in a male sample
Burkardt, T. M., Stark, R. M., Tobias Stalder, A., Wolf, O. T., Klucken, T., Brand, M., & Müller, S. M. (2026) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2025.00489 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Doss, E. M., Jouffroy, M., Rey, B., Cohas, A., von Hardenberg, A., & Smith, T. E. (2023) · MethodsX · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2023.102418 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cortisol in fish scales remains stable during extended periods of storage
O’Toole, C., White, P., Graham, C. T., Conroy, C., & Brophy, D. (2024) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/coae065 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kutlikova, H. H., Eisenegger, C., Krumbholz, A., Riečanský, I., Lamm, C., & Quednow, B. B. (2024) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107252 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hair cortisol, cortisone and DHEA concentrations and the composition of microbiota in toddlers
Koskinen, M. K., Aatsinki, A., Kortesluoma, S., Mustonen, P., Munukka, E., Lukkarinen, M. M., Perasto, L., Keskitalo, A., Karlsson, H., & Karlsson, L. (2023) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106309 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hair hormone data from Syrian refugee children: Perspectives from a two-year longitudinal study
May, A. K., Smeeth, D. M., McEwen, F. S., Moghames, P., Karam, E. G., Rieder, M. J., Elzagallaai, A. A., Uum, S. H. M. V., & Pluess, M. (2024) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2024.100231 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hair cortisol of pigs in mixed organic farms: the influence of season, breeding system and sex
Nadlučnik, E., Vake, T., Šket, A., Žižek, A., Snoj, T., & Štukelj, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2024.1491785 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The validation of estradiol extraction and analysis from hairPreprint
Wang, W., van Dammen, L., Moody, S. N., Kiesner, J., Neiderhiser, J. M., Dismukes, A. R., Zhu, J., Constantinidis, C., & Shirtcliff, E. A. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/knuxs · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Costa, A., Buoio, E., Pallaoro, M., Mainardi, E., Mirra, G., Giancamillo, A. D., Mazzola, S., & Rossi, R. (2025) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani15182655 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sami, A., Elimairi, I., Ryan, C. A., Ross, R. P., & Stanton, C. (2023) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109189 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Estimation of Hair Cortisol Levels as a Biomarker of Chronic Stress in Psoriasis: A Pilot Study
Budamakuntla, L., Loganathan, E., Ramesh, H., Karagaiah, P., Somashekhar, S., & Venkatarayaraju, S. K. (2023) · Clinical Dermatology Review · doi:10.4103/cdr.cdr_27_22 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Morf, R., Kernwein, C., Jaeger, J., Reicherzer, L., Degenfellner, J., & Boendermaker, S. H. (2025) · Frontiers in Pain Research · doi:10.3389/fpain.2025.1686389 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Abelson, J. L., Clark, S. L., Sánchez, B. N., Mayer, S. E., Tobias Stalder, A., Liberzon, G., Briggs, H., Rajaram, N., & Liberzon, I. (2026) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107778 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Luo, Z., Kirschbaum, C., & Gao, W. (2026) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107781 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pauli-Pott, U., Cosan, A., Schloß, S., Skoluda, N., Nater, U., Tumala, S., Kruse, J., & Peters, E. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.007 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Paus, R. (2020) · International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery · doi:10.33589/30.6.222 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fox, D., Wilson, B., & Narayan, E. J. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.06.12.598752 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Soares, D. R. D., Bastiani, M. F., Schneider, A., Hahn, R. Z., Lizot, L. D. L. F., Perassolo, M. S., Antunes, M. V., & Linden, R. (2021) · Bioanalysis · doi:10.4155/bio-2021-0170
Vauhdittajista vakinaiseksi toiminnaksi : Ulkoinen arviointi Etelä-Savon nuorten ESR-hankkeista
Pitkänen, S., Harju, H., & Spangar, T. (2014) · Doria (University of Helsinki)
Evaluation of hair cortisol concentration as an index of chronic stress in dairy cows
Natsumi, E. N. D. O. (2020) · Japanese Journal of Large Animal Clinics · doi:10.4190/jjlac.11.185
Preinbergs, J. K. (2022) · Linköping University medical dissertations · doi:10.3384/9789179294274
Krueger, A., Cruickshank, J., Ateş, S., Trevisi, E., & Bionaz, M. (2025) · Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science · doi:10.1080/10888705.2025.2451942
Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry of segmented hair cortisol – A Bayesian retrospective window
Šmak, P., Kotouček, R., Kostolanská, K., Bartečková, E., Juřica, J., Ustohal, L., Hořínková, J., Linhartová, P., Peš, O., Čuta, M., et al. (2025) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2025.117127
Changes in hair cortisol during retirement transition: the Finnish retirement and aging study
Kuusento, K., Kortesluoma, S., Myllyntausta, S., Vahtera, J., Karlsson, L., & Stenholm, S. (2025) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2025.100325
Could hair cortisol in free-ranging cattle be a proxy of wolf predation patterns?
Rafael, M., Fonseca, E., Santos, N., & Nakamura, M. (2026) · Conservation Physiology · doi:10.1093/conphys/coag002
Karaer, M. C., & Snoj, T. (2026) · Frontiers in Environmental Science · doi:10.3389/fenvs.2026.1761496
Hollandt, M., Richter, J., & Wirkner, J. (2026) · Journal of Experimental Psychopathology · doi:10.1177/20438087261443727
Jastrzębski, A., Ożga, K., Łopucki, R., Nowak, S., Mysłajek, R. W., & Sadok, I. (2026) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules31142420
Huthsteiner, K., Finke, J. B., Klucken, T., & Tobias Stalder, A. (2026) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2026.107985
Wirobski, G., Musto, C., Brogi, R., Lazzaroni, M., Palme, R., Wukovich, Y., Kertész, F., Szabó, Á., Garbarino, C. A., Gobbi, M., et al. (2026) · Wildlife Biology · doi:10.1002/wlb3.01659
- Authors
- Wester, V. L., van der Wulp, N. R. P., Koper, J. W., de Rijke, Y. B., & van Rossum, E. F. C.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Venue
- Psychoneuroendocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-10
- Volume
- 72
- Pages
- 94-96
- ISSN
- 0306-4530 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2471407510
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Thrasher Research Fund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- hair cortisol, hair cortisone, daylighting, ultraviolet radiation, scalp hair, glucocorticoid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cortisone, Female, Hair, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Middle Aged, Sunlight, Ultraviolet Rays, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review