Effect of exenatide on cholecystokinin-induced gallbladder emptying in fasting healthy subjects
Abstract
Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has been shown to lower blood glucose through multiple mechanisms, including glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppression of postprandial glucagon release and slowing of gastric emptying. The effects of exenatide on biliary motility are unknown. This study evaluated the effect of a single dose of exenatide on cholecystokinin (CCK)-induced gallbladder emptying. Healthy subjects participated in this randomized, 2-period, double-blind crossover study. Fasting subjects received a single subcutaneous injection of exenatide (10 μg) or placebo 60 min before CCK infusion. Gallbladder volume and ejection fraction (EF) were assessed by ultrasonography before, during, and after CCK infusion (0.003 μg/kg infused over 50 min at 2 mL/min). The diameters of the main pancreatic duct and common bile duct were measured sonographically at the same time points before, during, and following CCK infusion. Administration of exenatide did not affect pre-CCK infusion gallbladder volume or EF compared to placebo. During the CCK-infusion, the mean minimum gallbladder volume was similar for exenatide (13.68 mL) and placebo (11.05 mL) (least squares mean [LSM] difference of 2.62 mL; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.53, 5.78), but the mean maximum EF was lower for exenatide (28.79%) versus placebo (46.13%) (LSM difference of -17.34%; 95% CI, -30.54, -4.13). Exenatide had no clinically significant effects on pancreatic or bile duct diameters. In conclusion, exenatide reduced CCK-induced gallbladder emptying compared with placebo in fasting healthy subjects.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Small-scale clinical trials have reported that exenatide and liraglutide can diminish gallbladder emptying or extend the time to reach the peak postprandial gallbladder ejection fraction.
“Small-scale clinical trials have reported that exenatide and liraglutide can diminish gallbladder emptying or extend the time to reach the peak postprandial gallbladder ejection fraction [42,45].”
From Exploring the Side Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist: To Ensure Its Optimal Positioning (2025) · cites this paper as [45]
In acute intervention studies, exenatide and albiglutide reduced cholecystokinin-induced gallbladder emptying.
“In acute intervention studies, exenatide and albiglutide reduced cholecystokinin-induced gallbladder emptying”
From Safety of Semaglutide (2021) · cites this paper as [91]
Cites
Summary of product characteristics
(2013) · Pharmaceutical Medicine · doi:10.1093/med/9780199609147.003.0027 · Cited by 1,918 · see citing works
DeFronzo, R. A., Ratner, R. E., Han, J., Kim, D. D., Fineman, M. S., & Baron, A. D. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.5.1092 · Cited by 1,559 · see citing works
Buse, J. B., Henry, R. R., Han, J., Kim, D. D., Fineman, M. S., Baron, A. D., & for the Exenatide-113 Clinical Study Group (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.11.2628 · Cited by 1,346 · see citing works
Epidemiology of gallbladder stone disease
Shaffer, E. A. (2006) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2006.05.004 · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Klonoff, D. C., Buse, J. B., Nielsen, L. L., Guan, X., Bowlus, C. L., Holcombe, J. H., Wintle, M. E., & Maggs, D. G. (2008) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1185/030079908x253870 · Cited by 699 · see citing works
Kolterman, O., Buse, J. B., Fineman, M. S., Gaines, E., Heintz, S., Bicsak, T. A., Taylor, K., Kim, D. S., Aisporna, M., Wang, Y., et al. (2003) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2002-021545 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Exendin-4 reduces fasting and postprandial glucose and decreases energy intake in healthy volunteers
Edwards, C. M. B., Stanley, S. A., Davis, R. P., Brynes, A. E., Frost, G. S., Seal, L., Ghatei, M. A., & Bloom, S. R. (2001) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.1.e155 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Relationships of Upper Gastrointestinal Motor and Sensory Function With Glycemic Control
Rayner, C. K., Samsom, M., Jones, K. L., & Horowitz, M. (2001) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.24.2.371 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Nielsen, L. L., Young, A. A., & Parkes, D. G. (2003) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2003.10.028 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Kolterman, O., Kim, D. D. H., Shen, L. Z., Ruggles, J. A., Nielsen, L. L., Fineman, M. S., & Baron, A. (2005) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.1093/ajhp/62.2.173 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Nauck, M. A., Duran, S., Kim, D., Johns, D., Northrup, J., Festa, A., Brodows, R. G., & TRAUTMANN, M. E. (2006) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0510-2 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Self-citationNauck, M. A., Kemmeries, G., Holst, J. J., & Meier, J. J. (2011) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-0474 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Sonographic measurement of gallbladder volume
Dodds, W. J., Groh, W. J., Darweesh, R., Lawson, T., Kishk, S., & Kern, M. (1985) · American Journal of Roentgenology · doi:10.2214/ajr.145.5.1009 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Effect of exenatide on gastric emptying and relationship to postprandial glycemia in type 2 diabetes
Linnebjerg, H., Park, S., Kothare, P. A., Trautmann, M. E., Mace, K., Fineman, M., Wilding, I., Nauck, M., & Horowitz, M. (2008) · Regulatory Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2008.07.003 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Self-citationDegn, K., Brock, B., Juhl, C. B., Djurhuus, C., Grubert, J., Kim, D. S., Han, J., Taylor, K., Fineman, M. S., & Schmitz, O. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.9.2397 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Barnett, A. H., Burger, J., Johns, D., Brodows, R. G., Kendall, D. M., Roberts, A., & TRAUTMANN, M. E. (2007) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2007.11.006 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Self-citationDeane, A. M., Nguyen, N. Q., Stevens, J. E., Fraser, R. J., Holloway, R. H., Besanko, L. K., Burgstad, C. M., Jones, K. L., Chapman, M. J., Rayner, C. K., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1503 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Brubaker, P. L., & Drucker, D. J. (2002) · Receptors and Channels · doi:10.3109/10606820213687 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Hellström, P. M., Näslund, E., Edholm, T., Schmidt, P. T., Kristensen, J., Theodorsson, E., Holst, J. J., & Efendic, S. (2008) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2007.01079.x · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Tolessa, T., Gutniak, M., Holst, J. J., Efendic, S., & Hellström, P. M. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci942 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Tolessa, T., Gutniak, M., Holst, J. J., Efendić, S., & Hellström, P. M. (1998) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1023/a:1026678925120 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Kothare, P. A., Linnebjerg, H., Isaka, Y., Uenaka, K., Yamamura, A., Yeo, K. P., de la Peña, A., Teng, C. H., Mace, K. F., Fineman, M. S., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270008323750 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationGallbladder motility in diabetes mellitus using real time ultrasonography.
Hahm, J. S., Park, J. Y., Park, K. G., Ahn, Y. H., Lee, M. H., & Park, K. N. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Glucagon-like peptide-1 relaxes gastric antrum through nitric oxide in mice
Rotondo, A., Amato, A., Lentini, L., Baldassano, S., & Mulè, F. (2010) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2010.09.028 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Gallbladder motility in obesity, diabetes mellitus and coeliac disease
Fraquelli, M., Pagliarulo, M., Colucci, A., Paggi, S., & Conte, D. (2003) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/s1590-8658(03)00087-2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Review article: gall‐bladder motor function in diabetes mellitus
Pazzi, P., Scagliarini, R., Gamberini, S., & Pezzoli, A. (2000) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.014s2062.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ultrasound of the Extrahepatic Bile Duct
Horrow, M. M. (2010) · Ultrasound Quarterly · doi:10.1097/ruq.0b013e3181e17516 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Ultrasonic evaluation of the pancreatic duct
Parulekar, S. G. (1980) · Journal of Clinical Ultrasound · doi:10.1002/jcu.1870080603 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Linnebjerg, H., Seger, M. E., Kothare, P. A., Hunt, T. L., Wolka, A. M., & Mitchell, M. I. (2011) · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.5414/cp201462 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationGullo, L., Bolondi, L., Scarpignato, C., Priori, P., Casanova, P., & Lab�, G. (1986) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf01299813 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Barr, R. G., Agnesi, J. N., & Schaub, C. R. (1997) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiology.204.1.9205230 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
GLP‐1 playing the role of a gut regulatory compound
Hellström, P. M. (2010) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02150.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Kayaçeti̇n, E., Kısakol, G., Ahmet Turan, K. A. Y. A., & Akpınar, Z. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Marzio, L., Falcucci, M., Ciccaglione, A. F., Malatesta, M. G., Lapenna, D., Ballone, E., Antonelli, C., & Grossi, L. (1996) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/bf02208580 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Pinelli, N. R., Jantz, A. S., Smith, Z., Abouhassan, A., Ayar, C., Jaber, N. A., Clarke, A. W., Commissaris, R. L., & Jaber, L. A. (2010) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270010367653 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Barr, R. G., Kido, T., & Grajo, J. R. (2009) · Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.7863/jum.2009.28.9.1143 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Gallbladder motility in healthy volunteers: effects of age, gender, body mass index, and hair color.
Lock, G., Kammerl, M., Schlottmann, K., Bregenzer, N., Holstege, A., & Schölmerich, J. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management
Pi-Sunyer, X., Astrup, A., Fujioka, K., Greenway, F., Halpern, A., Krempf, M., Lau, D. C. W., le Roux, C. W., Violante Ortiz, R., Jensen, C. B., et al. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1411892 · Cited by 2,724 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application of Glucagon-like Peptide-1
Drucker, D. J. (2018) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.03.001 · Cited by 2,170 · see citing works
Pharmacology, physiology, and mechanisms of incretin hormone action.
Campbell, J. E., & Drucker, D. J. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.008 · Cited by 1,500 · see citing works
The Cardiovascular Biology of Glucagon-like Peptide-1
Drucker, D. J. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.06.009 · Cited by 665 · see citing works
Glucagon-like peptide 1 in health and disease
Andersen, A., Lund, A., Knop, F. K., & Vilsbøll, T. (2018) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-018-0016-2 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
GLP-1 and the kidney: from physiology to pharmacology and outcomes in diabetes
Muskiet, M. H. A., Tonneijck, L., Smits, M. M., van Baar, M. J. B., Kramer, M. H. H., Hoorn, E. J., Joles, J. A., & van Raalte, D. H. (2017) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.123 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Medicines for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Drucker, D. J. (2024) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci24-0003 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Gorgojo-Martínez, J. J., Mezquita-Raya, P., Carretero-Gómez, J., Castro, A., Cebrián-Cuenca, A., de Torres-Sánchez, A., García-de-Lucas, M. D., Núñez, J., Obaya, J. C., Soler, M. J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12010145 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Smits, M. M., & Van Raalte, D. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.645563 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Monami, M., Nreu, B., Scatena, A., Cresci, B., Andreozzi, F., Sesti, G., & Mannucci, E. (2017) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12926 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Bahne, E., Sun, E. W. L., Young, R. L., Hansen, M., Sonne, D. P., Hansen, J. S., Rohde, U., Liou, A. P., Jackson, M. L., de Fontgalland, D., et al. (2018) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.93936 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Clinical Consequences of Delayed Gastric Emptying With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Tirzepatide
Jalleh, R. J., Plummer, M. P., Marathe, C. S., Umapathysivam, M. M., Quast, D. R., Rayner, C. K., Jones, K. L., Wu, T., Horowitz, M., & Nauck, M. A. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae719 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Faillie, J.-L., Yu, O. H., Yin, H., Hillaire-Buys, D., Barkun, A., & Azoulay, L. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1531 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Mechanisms controlling hormone secretion in human gut and its relevance to metabolism
Martin, A. M., Sun, E. W. L., & Keating, D. J. (2019) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-19-0399 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Nauck, M. A., Muus Ghorbani, M. L., Kreiner, E., Saevereid, H. A., Buse, J. B., & the LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators (2019) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc19-0415 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Lim, S. K., Kim, K. M., & Nauck, M. A. (2018) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2018.01.011 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Yusta, B., Matthews, D., Flock, G. B., Ussher, J. R., Lavoie, B. A., Mawe, G. M., & Drucker, D. J. (2017) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2017.03.006 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
GLP-1 based therapies: clinical implications for gastroenterologists
Smits, M. M., van Raalte, D. H., Tonneijck, L., Muskiet, M. H. A., Kramer, M. H. H., & Cahen, D. L. (2016) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2015-310572 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Rehfeld, J. F., Knop, F. K., Asmar, A., Madsbad, S., Holst, J. J., & Asmar, M. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2018.1530297 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Gether, I. M., Nexøe-Larsen, C., & Knop, F. K. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-01008 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Kårhus, M. L., Brønden, A., Forman, J. L., Haaber, A. B., Knudsen, E., Langholz, E., Dragsted, L. O., Hansen, S. H., Krakauer, M., Vilsbøll, T., et al. (2022) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00198-4 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Jalleh, R. J., Marathe, C. S., Rayner, C. K., Jones, K. L., Umapathysivam, M. M., Wu, T., Quast, D. R., Plummer, M. P., Nauck, M. A., & Horowitz, M. (2024) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqae155 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Exploring the Side Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist: To Ensure Its Optimal Positioning
Kim, J. A., & Yoo, H. J. (2025) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2025.0242 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“Small-scale clinical trials have reported that exenatide and liraglutide can diminish gallbladder emptying or extend the time to reach the peak postprandial gallbladder ejection fraction [42,45].”
Smits, M. M., Tonneijck, L., Muskiet, M. H. A., Hoekstra, T., Kramer, M. H. H., Diamant, M., Nieuwdorp, M., Groen, A. K., Cahen, D. L., & van Raalte, D. H. (2016) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12748 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Nexøe‐Larsen, C. C., Sørensen, P. H., Hausner, H., Agersnap, M., Baekdal, M., Brønden, A., Gustafsson, L. N., Sonne, D. P., Vedtofte, L., Vilsbøll, T., et al. (2018) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13420 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Higgins, V., Asgari, S., Hamilton, J. K., Wolska, A. T., Remaley, A. T., Hartmann, B., Holst, J. J., & Adeli, K. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz261 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Liraglutide in Weight Management
Pi-Sunyer, X. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1509759 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Bile acid treatment and FXR agonism lower postprandial lipemia in mice
Farr, S., Stankovic, B., HOFFMAN, S. S., Masoudpoor, H., Baker, C., Taher, J., Dean, A. E., Anakk, S., & Adeli, K. (2020) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00386.2018 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Nreu, B., Dicembrini, I., Tinti, F., Mannucci, E., & Monami, M. (2020) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108087 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Smits, M. M., Tonneijck, L., Muskiet, M. H. A., Hoekstra, T., Kramer, M. H. H., den Bos, I. C. P.-V., Cahen, D. L., Diamant, M., & van Raalte, D. H. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009579 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Pizzimenti, V., Giandalia, A., Cucinotta, D., Russo, G. T., Smits, M., Cutroneo, P. M., & Trifirò, G. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/jcpt.12373 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Woronow, D. I., Chamberlain, C. E., Niak, A., Avigan, M., Houstoun, M., & Kortepeter, C. M. (2022) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.3810 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in arthritis: current insights and future directions
Karacabeyli, D., & Lacaille, D. V. (2025) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01302-0 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal Motility Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Bellavance, D. R., Chua, S. G., & Mashimo, H. L. (2025) · Current Gastroenterology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11894-025-00995-3 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Kalra, S. (2016) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-016-0197-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Shaddinger, B. C., Young, M. A., Billiard, J., Collins, D. A., Hussaini, A., & Nino, A. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/jcph.940 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Drugs as Second-line Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes
Butler, P. C. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1523 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Advances in Pharmacologic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes
Morsink, L. M., Smits, M. M., & Diamant, M. (2013) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-012-0302-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Dong, Y., Wu, J., Chang, C., Lin, J., Wu, L., & Toh, S. (2022) · Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.2688 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Nerild, H. H., Brønden, A., Gether, I. M., Hellmann, P. H., Baekdal, M., Gillum, M. P., Svenningsen, J. S., Hartmann, B., Rathor, N., Angelene, H., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.15017 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Biology and Clinical Use of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Vascular Protection
Yau, K., Odutayo, A., Dash, S., & Cherney, D. Z. I. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.07.007 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Rehfeld, J. F., Knop, F. K., & Asmar, M. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2019.1690673 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Sun, H., & Qi, X. (2022) · Discover Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12672-022-00536-8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Ko, H. Y., Bea, S., Yoon, D., Hong, B., Bae, J. H., Cho, Y. M., & Shin, J. (2025) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101242 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The expanding role of semaglutide: beyond glycemic control
Zarei, M., Sabetkasaei, M., Mozafari, M., & Zaeri, S. (2025) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40200-025-01663-z · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Rayner, C. K., Jones, K. L., Wu, T., & Horowitz, M. (2016) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.12822 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ultrasonographic assessment of gastric and gallbladder dynamics in human health and disease
Ciaula, A. D., Khalil, M., & Portincasa, P. (2025) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-025-03905-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Kårhus, M. L., Brønden, A., Forman, J. L., Haaber, A. B., Vilsbøll, T., Sonne, D. P., & Knop, F. K. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044711 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Shapiro, S. B., Yin, H., Yu, O. H. Y., & Azoulay, L. (2024) · Drug Safety · doi:10.1007/s40264-024-01434-4 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Colesevelam has no acute effect on postprandial GLP-1 levels but abolishes gallbladder refilling
Gether, I. M., Bahne, E., Nerild, H. H., Rehfeld, J. F., Hartmann, B., Holst, J. J., Vilsbøll, T., Sonne, D. P., & Knop, F. K. (2024) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvae033 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Can we exonerate GLP-1 receptor agonists from blame for adverse pancreatic events?
Murphy, C. F., & le Roux, C. W. (2018) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm.2018.03.06 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Liang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zheng, J., Wang, Y., He, J., Zhao, J., & Su, L. (2024) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-24-0404 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Nonglycemic Effects of GLP-1 Agonists: From a Starling to Lizards to People
Sood, A., & Swislocki, A. (2019) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2018.0134 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The concurrence of diabetes mellitus and gallstone disease
Терещенко, И. В., Kamenskikh, Y. A., & Каюшев, П. Е. (2015) · Terapevticheskii arkhiv · doi:10.17116/terarkh20158710105-109 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Li, B., Hu, Y., Wang, G., & Liu, L. (2020) · BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s40360-020-00422-5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Chau, P., Moses, D. A., & Pather, N. (2024) · European Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111472 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Glucagon-like peptide-1 drugs, gastrointestinal function and critical illness
Nadkarni, A., Deane, A. M., & Plummer, M. P. (2026) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/mcc.0000000000001376 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Pancreatitis in incretin-based therapies
Famularo, G., Morviducci, L., & Gasbarrone, L. (2015) · Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2014.11.007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
and, C. R., & Petrie, J. R. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119785033.ch6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Farr, S. (2017) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Islet effects of cholecystokinin and exploitation in diabetes
Tanday, N., Irwin, N., & Flatt, P. R. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-23720-1.00003-4
- Authors
- Keller, J., Trautmann, M. E., Haber, H., Tham, L. S., Hunt, T., Mace, K., & Linnebjerg, H.
- Affiliations
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Eli Lilly (Germany) (DE)
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Linnebjerg, Helle
- Venue
- Regulatory Peptides
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-11
- Volume
- 179
- Issue
- 1-3
- Pages
- 77-83
- ISSN
- 0167-0115 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2048290927
- Cited by
- 61
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Regulatory Peptides (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Amylin Pharmaceuticals
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- exenatide, cholecystokinin, gallbladder emptying, gallbladder ejection fraction, GLP-1 receptor agonists, biliary motility, gallbladder volume, pancreatic duct diameter, common bile duct diameter, fasting
- MeSH terms
- Exenatide, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Bile Ducts, Blood Glucose, Cholecystokinin, Double-Blind Method, Fasting, Female, Gallbladder, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Organ Size, Pancreatic Ducts, Peptides, Ultrasonography, Venoms, Confidence Intervals, Least-Squares Analysis, Gallbladder Emptying, Cross-Over Studies, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
