The impact of tailored text messages on health beliefs and medication adherence in adults with diabetes: A randomized pilot study
Abstract
Background Inadequate medication adherence reduces optimal health outcomes and can lead to increased costs, particularly in patients with diabetes. Efforts to improve adherence have resulted in limited effects; approaches leveraging mobile technology have emerged, but their focus has mainly been limited to simple reminder messages. Objective The purpose of this pilot study was to test the effectiveness of tailored text messages focusing on improving medication adherence and health beliefs in adults with diabetes. Methods Adults aged 21-64, with uncontrolled diabetes, and taking at least one anti-diabetic medication were recruited and randomized into 2 study arms: daily tailored text messaging for 90 days or standard care. Comparing baseline and endpoint survey responses, changes in theory-driven health beliefs and attitudes were assessed. The impact on medication adherence was evaluated using pharmacy claims by calculating the percent of days covered (PDC). Results A total of 75 subjects were consented, and 48 were randomized. Mean PDC at baseline were comparable between cohorts (84.4% and 87.1%, respectively). Declines in adherence were observed in both groups over time but no significant differences were observed between groups or from baseline to the end of the active study period. Unadjusted tests suggested that perceived benefits and competence might have improved in the intervention arm. Conclusions Tailoring mobile phone text messages is a novel way to address medication nonadherence and health beliefs; further investigation to this combined technique is needed to better understand its impact on behavior change in adults with diabetes.
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Interventions to support people in effectively self-managing their condition can potentially reduce costly, debilitating complications.
“Interventions to support people in effectively self-managing their condition can potentially reduce costly, debilitating complications [9,10].”
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- Authors
- Gatwood, J., Balkrishnan, R., Erickson, S. R., An, L. C., Piette, J. D., & Farris, K. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gatwood, Justin
- ORCID
- Venue
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 130-140
- ISSN
- 1551-7411 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2083255071
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 7.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R36 HS021976)
- NIH (P30DK092926)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- diabetes mellitus, medication adherence, mobile health, health beliefs, perceived benefits, perceived competence, antidiabetic drugs, medication non-adherence, behavior change
- MeSH terms
- Assessment of Medication Adherence, Adult, Attitude to Health, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Self Care, Socioeconomic Factors, Cohort Studies, Drug Monitoring, Reminder Systems, Endpoint Determination, Medication Adherence, Young Adult, Text Messaging
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