Research progress and prospects for using biochar to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions during composting: a review
Abstract
Biochar possesses a unique porous structure and abundant surface functional groups, which can potentially help mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from compost. This review summarizes the properties and functions of biochar, and the effects of biochar on common GHGs (methane (CH 4), carbon dioxide (CO 2), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O)) and ammonia (NH 3, an indirect GHG) during composting. Studies have shown that it is possible to improve the mitigation of GHG emissions during composting by adjusting the biochar amount, type of raw material, pyrolysis temperature, and particle size. Biochar produced from crop residues and woody biomass has a greater effect on mitigating CH 4, N 2 O, and NH 3 emissions during composting, and GHG emissions can be reduced significantly by adding about 10% (w/w) biochar. Biochar produced by high temperature pyrolysis (500-900 °C) has a greater effect on mitigating CH 4 and N 2 O emissions, whereas biochar generated by low temperature pyrolysis (200-500 °C) is more effective at reducing NH 3 emissions. Interestingly, adding granular biochar is more beneficial for mitigating CH 4 emissions, whereas adding powdered biochar is better at reducing NH 3 emissions. According to the current research status, developing new methods for producing and using biochar (e.g., modified or combined with other additives) should be the focus of future research into mitigating GHG emissions during composting. The findings summarized in this review may provide a reference to allow the establishment of standards for using biochar to mitigate GHG emissions from compost.
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Biochar amendments can be an effective approach to increase SOC stocks due to the stable nature of C in biochar on a millennium timescale.
“Biochar amendments can also be an effective approach to increase SOC stocks due to the stable (on a millennium timescale) nature of the C contained in the biochar.187,188”
From Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality (2021) · cites this paper as [187]
Biochar has been shown to mitigate GHG emissions during composting, and its application is recommended for optimizing composting and conservation of C, N, and other compost minerals.
“biochar has been shown to mitigate the emission of GHGs (CH4, N2O, and CO2) during composting, and its application is highly recommended for optimizing the composting process and conservation of C, N, and other compost minerals.187,248”
From Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality (2021) · cites this paper as [187]
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Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality
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- Authors
- Yin, Y., Yang, C., Li, M., Zheng, Y., Ge, C., Gu, J., Li, H., Duan, M., Wang, X., & Chen, R.
- Affiliations
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology (CN)
- Hainan University (CN)
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
- Ghent University (BE)
- Xi'an University of Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Rong
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-12
- Volume
- 798
- Pages
- 149294
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3185728696
- Semantic Scholar
- d459c3d3ab9695522af70aa403086d98864c1608
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Landfill Environmental Impact Studies
- Keywords
- biochar, composting, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, methane emissions, nitrous oxide emissions, ammonia emissions, CO2 emissions, pyrolysis temperature, biochar particle size, crop residues, woody biomass, biochar additive
- MeSH terms
- Greenhouse Gases, Composting, Carbon Dioxide, Charcoal, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, Soil
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