Cited by 80Phytoestrogen effects and researchEstrogen and related hormone effectsPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

Role of dietary bioactive natural products in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer

Open access
Bak, Min Ji, Das Gupta, Soumyasri, Wahler, Joseph, Suh, Nanjoo·2016·Seminars in Cancer Biology

Abstract

Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, including luminal-A and -B, is the most common type of breast cancer. Extended exposure to estrogen is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Both ER-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms have been implicated in estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. The ER-dependent pathway involves cell growth and proliferation triggered by the binding of estrogen to the ER. The ER-independent mechanisms depend on the metabolism of estrogen to generate genotoxic metabolites, free radicals and reactive oxygen species to induce breast cancer. A better understanding of the mechanisms that drive ER-positive breast cancer will help optimize targeted approaches to prevent or treat breast cancer. A growing emphasis is being placed on alternative medicine and dietary approaches toward the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Many natural products and bioactive compounds found in foods have been shown to inhibit breast carcinogenesis via inhibition of estrogen induced oxidative stress as well as ER signaling. This review summarizes the role of bioactive natural products that are involved in the prevention and treatment of estrogen-related and ER-positive breast cancer.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.03.001

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Compared to SRC, ERα constitutes the central oncogenic driver in ER+ breast cancer, as ERα overexpression promotes tumorigenesis.

    “However, compared to SRC, the ERα constitutes the central oncogenic driver in ER+ breast cancer, as ERα overexpression promotes tumorigenesis50,51.”

    From Harnessing artificial intelligence to identify Bufalin as a molecular glue degrader of estrogen receptor alpha (2025) · cites this paper as [51]

    The Introduction and section 3 describe ER-dependent estrogen signaling as a contributor to breast carcinogenesis, including increased proliferation and DNA damage. They do not establish that ERα overexpression itself promotes tumorigenesis or that ERα is a more central oncogenic driver than SRC. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 349

  1. [1]Siegel RL Miller KD Jemal A Cancer statistics, 2015 CA Cancer J Clin 2015 65 5 29 25559415
  2. [2]Yager JD Davidson NE Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer N Engl J Med 2006 354 270 82 16421368
  3. [3]Armstrong K Eisen A Weber B Assessing the risk of breast cancer N Engl J Med 2000 342 564 71 10684916
  4. [4]Clemons M Goss P Estrogen and the risk of breast cancer N Engl J Med 2001 344 276 85 11172156
  5. [5]Yue W Yager JD Wang JP Jupe ER Santen RJ Estrogen receptor-dependent and independent mechanisms of breast cancer carcinogenesis Steroids 2013 78 161 70 23178278
  6. [6]Brzozowski AM Pike AC Dauter Z Hubbard RE Bonn T Engstrom O Molecular basis of agonism and antagonism in the oestrogen receptor Nature 1997 389 753 8 9338790
  7. [7]Kumar V Chambon P The estrogen receptor binds tightly to its responsive element as a ligand-induced homodimer Cell 1988 55 145 56 3167974
  8. [8]McInerney EM Katzenellenbogen BS Different regions in activation function-1 of the human estrogen receptor required for antiestrogen- and estradiol-dependent transcription activation J Biol Chem 1996 271 24172 8 8798658
  9. [9]Cavalieri E Chakravarti D Guttenplan J Hart E Ingle J Jankowiak R Catechol estrogen quinones as initiators of breast and other human cancers: implications for biomarkers of susceptibility and cancer prevention Biochim Biophys Acta 2006 1766 63 78 16675129
  10. [10]Mahalingaiah PK Ponnusamy L Singh KP Chronic oxidative stress causes estrogen-independent aggressive phenotype, and epigenetic inactivation of estrogen receptor alpha in MCF-7 breast cancer cells Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015 153 41 56 26208486
  11. [11]Reuben SC Gopalan A Petit DM Bishayee A Modulation of angiogenesis by dietary phytoconstituents in the prevention and intervention of breast cancer Mol Nutr Food Res 2012 56 14 29 22125182
  12. [12]Sinha D Biswas J Sung B Aggarwal BB Bishayee A Chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of curcumin in breast cancer Curr Drug Targets 2012 13 1799 819 23140290
  13. [13]Vadodkar AS Suman S Lakshmanaswamy R Damodaran C Chemoprevention of breast cancer by dietary compounds Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2012 12 1185 202 22583403
  14. [14]Parikh NR Mandal A Bhatia D Siveen KS Sethi G Bishayee A Oleanane triterpenoids in the prevention and therapy of breast cancer: current evidence and future perspectives Phytochem Rev 2014 13 793 810 25395898 PMC4225818
  15. [15]Siddiqui JA Singh A Chagtoo M Singh N Godbole MM Chakravarti B Phytochemicals for breast cancer therapy: current status and future implications Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2015 15 116 35 25544650
  16. [16]Perou CM Sorlie T Eisen MB van de Rijn M Jeffrey SS Rees CA Molecular portraits of human breast tumours Nature 2000 406 747 52 10963602
  17. [17]Carey LA Perou CM Livasy CA Dressler LG Cowan D Conway K Race, breast cancer subtypes, and survival in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study JAMA 2006 295 2492 502 16757721
  18. [18]Sorlie T Perou CM Tibshirani R Aas T Geisler S Johnsen H Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001 98 10869 74 11553815 PMC58566
  19. [19]Puhalla S Bhattacharya S Davidson NE Hormonal therapy in breast cancer: a model disease for the personalization of cancer care Mol Oncol 2012 6 222 36 22406404 PMC5528370
  20. [20]Inic Z Zegarac M Inic M Markovic I Kozomara Z Djurisic I Difference between Luminal A and Luminal B Subtypes According to Ki-67, Tumor Size, and Progesterone Receptor Negativity Providing Prognostic Information Clin Med Insights Oncol 2014 8 107 11 25249766 PMC4167319
  21. [21]Metzger-Filho O Sun Z Viale G Price KN Crivellari D Snyder RD Patterns of Recurrence and outcome according to breast cancer subtypes in lymph node-negative disease: results from international breast cancer study group trials VIII and IX J Clin Oncol 2013 31 3083 90 23897954 PMC3753700
  22. [22]Cheang MC Chia SK Voduc D Gao D Leung S Snider J Ki67 index, HER2 status, and prognosis of patients with luminal B breast cancer J Natl Cancer Inst 2009 101 736 50 19436038 PMC2684553
  23. [23]Yersal O Barutca S Biological subtypes of breast cancer: Prognostic and therapeutic implications World J Clin Oncol 2014 5 412 24 25114856 PMC4127612
  24. [24]Shim HJ Kim SH Kang BJ Choi BG Kim HS Cha ES Breast cancer recurrence according to molecular subtype Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014 15 5539 44 25081661
  25. [25]Thongprakaisang S Thiantanawat A Rangkadilok N Suriyo T Satayavivad J Glyphosate induces human breast cancer cells growth via estrogen receptors Food Chem Toxicol 2013 59 129 36 23756170
  26. [26]van der Velpen V Geelen A Schouten EG Hollman PC Afman LA van ’t Veer P Estrogen receptor-mediated effects of isoflavone supplementation were not observed in whole-genome gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in postmenopausal, equol-producing women J Nutr 2013 143 774 80 23616509
  27. [27]Marino M Galluzzo P Ascenzi P Estrogen signaling multiple pathways to impact gene transcription Curr Genomics 2006 7 497 508 18369406 PMC2269003
  28. [28]Ishida M Mitsui T Izawa M Arita J Activation of D2 dopamine receptors inhibits estrogen response element-mediated estrogen receptor transactivation in rat pituitary lactotrophs Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013 375 58 67 23701824
  29. [29]Mohamood AS Gyles P Balan KV Hollis VW Eckberg WR Asseffa A Estrogen receptor, growth factor receptor and protooncogene protein activities and possible signal transduction crosstalk in estrogen dependent and independent breast cancer cell lines J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 1997 29 1 17 9066137
  30. [30]Williamson LM Lees-Miller SP Estrogen receptor alpha-mediated transcription induces cell cycle-dependent DNA double-strand breaks Carcinogenesis 2011 32 279 85 21112959
  31. [31]Hemachandra LP Patel H Chandrasena RE Choi J Piyankarage SC Wang S SERMs attenuate estrogen-induced malignant transformation of human mammary epithelial cells by upregulating detoxification of oxidative metabolites Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014 7 505 15 24598415 PMC4128015
  32. [33]Belous AR Hachey DL Dawling S Roodi N Parl FF Cytochrome P450 1B1-mediated estrogen metabolism results in estrogen-deoxyribonucleoside adduct formation Cancer Res 2007 67 812 7 17234793
  33. [34]Santen RJ Yue W Wang JP Estrogen metabolites and breast cancer Steroids 2015 99 61 6 25168343
  34. [35]Reya T Morrison SJ Clarke MF Weissman IL Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells Nature 2001 414 105 11 11689955
  35. [36]Liu S Dontu G Wicha MS Mammary stem cells, self-renewal pathways, and carcinogenesis Breast Cancer Res 2005 7 86 95 15987436 PMC1143566
  36. [37]Al-Hajj M Wicha MS Benito-Hernandez A Morrison SJ Clarke MF Prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003 100 3983 8 12629218 PMC153034
  37. [38]Ginestier C Hur MH Charafe-Jauffret E Monville F Dutcher J Brown M ALDH1 is a marker of normal and malignant human mammary stem cells and a predictor of poor clinical outcome Cell Stem Cell 2007 1 555 67 18371393 PMC2423808
  38. [39]Sleeman KE Kendrick H Robertson D Isacke CM Ashworth A Smalley MJ Dissociation of estrogen receptor expression and in vivo stem cell activity in the mammary gland J Cell Biol 2007 176 19 26 17190790 PMC2063618
  39. [40]Mallepell S Krust A Chambon P Brisken C Paracrine signaling through the epithelial estrogen receptor alpha is required for proliferation and morphogenesis in the mammary gland Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006 103 2196 201 16452162 PMC1413744
  40. [41]Valkenburg KC Graveel CR Zylstra-Diegel CR Zhong Z Williams BO Wnt/beta-catenin Signaling in Normal and Cancer Stem Cells Cancers (Basel) 2011 3 2050 79 24212796 PMC3757404
  41. [42]Velasco-Velazquez MA Homsi N De La Fuente M Pestell RG Breast cancer stem cells Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012 44 573 7 22249027 PMC3294043
  42. [43]Deng H Zhang XT Wang ML Zheng HY Liu LJ Wang ZY ER-alpha36-mediated rapid estrogen signaling positively regulates ER-positive breast cancer stem/progenitor cells PLoS One 2014 9 e88034 24558373 PMC3928099
  43. [44]Fillmore CM Gupta PB Rudnick JA Caballero S Keller PJ Lander ES Estrogen expands breast cancer stem-like cells through paracrine FGF/Tbx3 signaling Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010 107 21737 42 21098263 PMC3003123
  44. [45]Sun Y Wang Y Fan C Gao P Wang X Wei G Estrogen promotes stemness and invasiveness of ER-positive breast cancer cells through Gli1 activation Mol Cancer 2014 13 137 24889938 PMC4057898
  45. [46]Jung JW Park SB Lee SJ Seo MS Trosko JE Kang KS Metformin represses self-renewal of the human breast carcinoma stem cells via inhibition of estrogen receptor-mediated OCT4 expression PLoS One 2011 6 e28068 22132214 PMC3223228
  46. [47]Zhou Q Ye M Lu Y Zhang H Chen Q Huang S Curcumin Improves the Tumoricidal Effect of Mitomycin C by Suppressing ABCG2 Expression in Stem Cell-Like Breast Cancer Cells PLoS One 2015 10 e0136694 26305906 PMC4549178
  47. [48]Charpentier MS Whipple RA Vitolo MI Boggs AE Slovic J Thompson KN Curcumin targets breast cancer stem-like cells with microtentacles that persist in mammospheres and promote reattachment Cancer Res 2014 74 1250 60 24371229 PMC3990412
  48. [49]Kakarala M Brenner DE Korkaya H Cheng C Tazi K Ginestier C Targeting breast stem cells with the cancer preventive compounds curcumin and piperine Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010 122 777 85 19898931 PMC3039120
  49. [50]Li Y Zhang T Korkaya H Liu S Lee HF Newman B Sulforaphane, a dietary component of broccoli/broccoli sprouts, inhibits breast cancer stem cells Clin Cancer Res 2010 16 2580 90 20388854 PMC2862133
  50. [51]Montales MT Rahal OM Kang J Rogers TJ Prior RL Wu X Repression of mammosphere formation of human breast cancer cells by soy isoflavone genistein and blueberry polyphenolic acids suggests diet-mediated targeting of cancer stem-like/progenitor cells Carcinogenesis 2012 33 652 60 22219179
  51. [52]Mineva ND Paulson KE Naber SP Yee AS Sonenshein GE Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits stem-like inflammatory breast cancer cells PLoS One 2013 8 e73464 24039951 PMC3770659
  52. [53]Fu Y Chang H Peng X Bai Q Yi L Zhou Y Resveratrol inhibits breast cancer stem-like cells and induces autophagy via suppressing Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway PLoS One 2014 9 e102535 25068516 PMC4113212
  53. [54]Tin AS Park AH Sundar SN Firestone GL Essential role of the cancer stem/progenitor cell marker nucleostemin for indole-3-carbinol anti-proliferative responsiveness in human breast cancer cells BMC Biol 2014 12 72 25209720 PMC4180847
  54. [55]Cook MT Liang Y Besch-Williford C Goyette S Mafuvadze B Hyder SM Luteolin inhibits progestin-dependent angiogenesis, stem cell-like characteristics, and growth of human breast cancer xenografts Springerplus 2015 4 444 26312209 PMC4546074
  55. [56]Wu CH Hong BH Ho CT Yen GC Targeting cancer stem cells in breast cancer: potential anticancer properties of 6-shogaol and pterostilbene J Agric Food Chem 2015 63 2432 41 25686711
  56. [57]Nasri H Baradaran A Shirzad H Rafieian-Kopaei M New concepts in nutraceuticals as alternative for pharmaceuticals Int J Prev Med 2014 5 1487 99 25709784 PMC4336979
  57. [58]Coppens P da Silva MF Pettman S European regulations on nutraceuticals, dietary supplements and functional foods: a framework based on safety Toxicology 2006 221 59 74 16469424
  58. [59]Cencic A Chingwaru W The role of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and food supplements in intestinal health Nutrients 2010 2 611 25 22254045 PMC3257668
  59. [60]Huq F Yu JQ Beale P Chan C Arzuman L Nessa MU Combinations of platinums and selected phytochemicals as a means of overcoming resistance in ovarian cancer Anticancer Res 2014 34 541 5 24403514
  60. [61]Tucker KL Dietary Intake and Coronary Heart Disease: A Variety of Nutrients and Phytochemicals Are Important Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med 2004 6 291 302 15212724
  61. [62]Vasanthi HR ShriShriMal N Das DK Phytochemicals from plants to combat cardiovascular disease Curr Med Chem 2012 19 2242 51 22414106
  62. [63]Mohibi S Mirza S Band H Band V Mouse models of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer J Carcinog 2011 10 35 22279420 PMC3263010
  63. [64]Lumachi F Brunello A Maruzzo M Basso U Basso SM Treatment of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer Curr Med Chem 2013 20 596 604 23278394
  64. [65]Clarke R Human breast cancer cell line xenografts as models of breast cancer. The immunobiologies of recipient mice and the characteristics of several tumorigenic cell lines Breast Cancer Res Treat 1996 39 69 86 8738607
  65. [66]Divisova J Kuiatse I Lazard Z Weiss H Vreeland F Hadsell DL The growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant blocks both mammary gland development and MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft growth Breast Cancer Res Treat 2006 98 315 27 16541323
  66. [67]Hartman J Lindberg K Morani A Inzunza J Strom A Gustafsson JA Estrogen receptor beta inhibits angiogenesis and growth of T47D breast cancer xenografts Cancer Res 2006 66 11207 13 17145865
  67. [68]Fleming JM Miller TC Meyer MJ Ginsburg E Vonderhaar BK Local regulation of human breast xenograft models J Cell Physiol 2010 224 795 806 20578247 PMC2897719
  68. [69]Kavanaugh C Green JE The use of genetically altered mice for breast cancer prevention studies J Nutr 2003 133 2404S 9S 12840216
  69. [70]Batcioglu K Uyumlu AB Satilmis B Yildirim B Yucel N Demirtas H Oxidative stress in the in vivo DMBA rat model of breast cancer: suppression by a voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitor (RS100642) Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2012 111 137 41 22429688
  70. [71]Lanari C Lamb CA Fabris VT Helguero LA Soldati R Bottino MC The MPA mouse breast cancer model: evidence for a role of progesterone receptors in breast cancer Endocr Relat Cancer 2009 16 333 50 19190078
  71. [72]Chan MM Lu X Merchant FM Iglehart JD Miron PL Gene expression profiling of NMU-induced rat mammary tumors: cross species comparison with human breast cancer Carcinogenesis 2005 26 1343 53 15845649
  72. [73]Ingberg E Theodorsson A Theodorsson E Strom JO Methods for long-term 17beta-estradiol administration to mice Gen Comp Endocrinol 2012 175 188 93 22137913
  73. [74]Zhang Y Allyl isothiocyanate as a cancer chemopreventive phytochemical Mol Nutr Food Res 2010 54 127 35 19960458 PMC2814364
  74. [75]Ioannou YM Burka LT Matthews HB Allyl isothiocyanate: comparative disposition in rats and mice Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1984 75 173 81 6474456
  75. [76]Bollard M Stribbling S Mitchell S Caldwell J The disposition of allyl isothiocyanate in the rat and mouse Food Chem Toxicol 1997 35 933 43 9463527
  76. [77]Munday R Zhang Y Fahey JW Jobson HE Munday CM Li J Evaluation of isothiocyanates as potent inducers of carcinogen-detoxifying enzymes in the urinary bladder: critical nature of in vivo bioassay Nutr Cancer 2006 54 223 31 16898867
  77. [78]Shapiro TA Fahey JW Wade KL Stephenson KK Talalay P Human metabolism and excretion of cancer chemoprotective glucosinolates and isothiocyanates of cruciferous vegetables Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998 7 1091 100 9865427
  78. [79]Jiao D Ho CT Foiles P Chung FL Identification and quantification of the N-acetylcysteine conjugate of allyl isothiocyanate in human urine after ingestion of mustard Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1994 3 487 92 8000299
  79. [80]Rajakumar T Pugalendhi P Thilagavathi S Dose response chemopreventive potential of allyl isothiocyanate against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats Chem Biol Interact 2015 231 35 43 25744308
  80. [81]Mafuvadze B Cook M Xu Z Besch-Williford CL Hyder SM Effects of dietary apigenin on tumor latency, incidence and multiplicity in a medroxyprogesterone acetate-accelerated 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer model Nutr Cancer 2013 65 1184 91 24127693
  81. [82]Seo HS Ku JM Choi HS Woo JK Jang BH Go H Apigenin induces caspase-dependent apoptosis by inhibiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling in HER2-overexpressing SKBR3 breast cancer cells Mol Med Rep 2015 12 2977 84 25936427
  82. [83]Scherbakov AM Andreeva OE Apigenin Inhibits Growth of Breast Cancer Cells: The Role of ERalpha and HER2/neu Acta Naturae 2015 7 133 9 26483970 PMC4610175
  83. [84]Hollman PC Katan MB Health effects and bioavailability of dietary flavonols Free Radic Res 1999 31 Suppl S75 80 10694044
  84. [85]Ross JA Kasum CM Dietary flavonoids: bioavailability, metabolic effects, and safety Annu Rev Nutr 2002 22 19 34 12055336
  85. [86]Patel D Shukla S Gupta S Apigenin and cancer chemoprevention: progress, potential and promise (review) Int J Oncol 2007 30 233 45 17143534
  86. [87]Mafuvadze B Liang Y Besch-Williford C Zhang X Hyder SM Apigenin induces apoptosis and blocks growth of medroxyprogesterone acetate-dependent BT-474 xenograft tumors Horm Cancer 2012 3 160 71 22569706 PMC10358033
  87. [88]Mafuvadze B Benakanakere I Lopez Perez FR Besch-Williford C Ellersieck MR Hyder SM Apigenin prevents development of medroxyprogesterone acetate-accelerated 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011 4 1316 24 21505181 PMC3151306
  88. [89]Kawai H Li H Chun P Avraham S Avraham HK Direct interaction between BRCA1 and the estrogen receptor regulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transcription and secretion in breast cancer cells Oncogene 2002 21 7730 9 12400015
  89. [90]Aiyer HS Warri AM Woode DR Hilakivi-Clarke L Clarke R Influence of berry polyphenols on receptor signaling and cell-death pathways: implications for breast cancer prevention J Agric Food Chem 2012 60 5693 708 22300613 PMC3383353
  90. [91]Koli R Erlund I Jula A Marniemi J Mattila P Alfthan G Bioavailability of various polyphenols from a diet containing moderate amounts of berries J Agric Food Chem 2010 58 3927 32 20073463
  91. [92]Aiyer HS Gupta RC Berries and ellagic acid prevent estrogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis by modulating enzymes of estrogen metabolism Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2010 3 727 37 20501861 PMC2896023
  92. [93]Aiyer HS Srinivasan C Gupta RC Dietary berries and ellagic acid diminish estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis in ACI rats Nutr Cancer 2008 60 227 34 18444155
  93. [94]Aiyer HS Kichambare S Gupta RC Prevention of oxidative DNA damage by bioactive berry components Nutr Cancer 2008 60 Suppl 1 36 42 19003579
  94. [95]Jeyabalan J Aqil F Munagala R Annamalai L Vadhanam MV Gupta RC Chemopreventive and therapeutic activity of dietary blueberry against estrogen-mediated breast cancer J Agric Food Chem 2014 62 3963 71 24245576 PMC4334276
  95. [96]Ravoori S Vadhanam MV Aqil F Gupta RC Inhibition of estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis by blueberry and black raspberry J Agric Food Chem 2012 60 5547 55 22571764
  96. [97]Lin CC Tsai YL Ho CT Teng SC Determination of the differential estrogenicity of isoflavonoids by E2-ER-ERE-dependent gene expression in recombinant yeast and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells Food Chem 2008 108 719 26 26059153
  97. [98]Chen J Ge B Wang Y Ye Y Zeng S Huang Z Biochanin A promotes proliferation that involves a feedback loop of microRNA-375 and estrogen receptor alpha in breast cancer cells Cell Physiol Biochem 2015 35 639 46 25613180
  98. [99]Hsu JT Ying C Chen CJ Regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase by dietary phytoestrogen in MCF-7 human mammary cancer cells Reprod Nutr Dev 2000 40 11 8 10737547
  99. [100]Jia X Chen J Lin H Hu M Disposition of flavonoids via enteric recycling: enzyme-transporter coupling affects metabolism of biochanin A and formononetin and excretion of their phase II conjugates J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004 310 1103 13 15128864
  100. [101]Moon YJ Sagawa K Frederick K Zhang S Morris ME Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of the isoflavone biochanin A in rats AAPS J 2006 8 E433 42 17025260 PMC2761049
  101. [102]Gotoh T Yamada K Yin H Ito A Kataoka T Dohi K Chemoprevention of N-nitroso-N-methylurea-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis by soy foods or biochanin A Jpn J Cancer Res 1998 89 137 42 9548440 PMC5921774
  102. [103]Moon YJ Shin BS An G Morris ME Biochanin A inhibits breast cancer tumor growth in a murine xenograft model Pharm Res 2008 25 2158 63 18454305
  103. [104]Mishra P Kale RK Kar A Chemoprevention of mammary tumorigenesis and chemomodulation of the antioxidative enzymes and peroxidative damage in prepubertal Sprague Dawley rats by Biochanin A Mol Cell Biochem 2008 312 1 9 18273562
  104. [105]Rosendahl AH Perks CM Zeng L Markkula A Simonsson M Rose C Caffeine and Caffeic Acid Inhibit Growth and Modify Estrogen Receptor and Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor Levels in Human Breast Cancer Clin Cancer Res 2015 21 1877 87 25691730
  105. [107]Arnaud MJ The pharmacology of caffeine Prog Drug Res 1987 31 273 313 3326033
  106. [109]Sawynok J Yaksh TL Caffeine as an analgesic adjuvant: a review of pharmacology and mechanisms of action Pharmacol Rev 1993 45 43 85 8475169
  107. [110]Teekachunhatean S Tosri N Rojanasthien N Srichairatanakool S Sangdee C Pharmacokinetics of Caffeine following a Single Administration of Coffee Enema versus Oral Coffee Consumption in Healthy Male Subjects ISRN Pharmacol 2013 2013 147238 23533801 PMC3603218
  108. [111]Petrek JA Sandberg WA Cole MN Silberman MS Collins DC The inhibitory effect of caffeine on hormone-induced rat breast cancer Cancer 1985 56 1977 81 4027928
  109. [112]Wolfrom DM Rao AR Welsch CW Caffeine inhibits development of benign mammary gland tumors in carcinogen-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats Breast Cancer Res Treat 1991 19 269 75 1777646
  110. [113]VanderPloeg LC Wolfrom DM Welsch CW Influence of caffeine on development of benign and carcinomatous mammary gland tumors in female rats treated with the carcinogens 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea Cancer Res 1991 51 3399 404 1905195
  111. [114]Hirose M Nishikawa A Shibutani M Imai T Shirai T Chemoprevention of heterocyclic amine-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats Environ Mol Mutagen 2002 39 271 8 11921198
  112. [115]Musa MA Cooperwood JS Khan MO A review of coumarin derivatives in pharmacotherapy of breast cancer Curr Med Chem 2008 15 2664 79 18991629 PMC3772644
  113. [116]Jacquot Y Bermont L Giorgi H Refouvelet B Adessi GL Daubrosse E Substituted benzopyranobenzothiazinones. Synthesis and estrogenic activity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells Eur J Med Chem 2001 36 127 36 11311744
  114. [117]Hoult JR Paya M Pharmacological and biochemical actions of simple coumarins: natural products with therapeutic potential Gen Pharmacol 1996 27 713 22 8853310
  115. [118]Gao S Hu M Bioavailability challenges associated with development of anti-cancer phenolics Mini Rev Med Chem 2010 10 550 67 20370701 PMC2919492
  116. [119]Prince M Campbell CT Robertson TA Wells AJ Kleiner HE Naturally occurring coumarins inhibit 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene DNA adduct formation in mouse mammary gland Carcinogenesis 2006 27 1204 13 16387742
  117. [120]Feuer G Kellen JA Kovacs K Suppression of 7,12-dimethylbenz(alpha) anthracene-induced breast carcinoma by coumarin in the rat Oncology 1976 33 35 9 824591
  118. [121]Lv ZD Liu XP Zhao WJ Dong Q Li FN Wang HB Curcumin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014 7 2818 24 25031701 PMC4097278
  119. [122]Yang KY Lin LC Tseng TY Wang SC Tsai TH Oral bioavailability of curcumin in rat and the herbal analysis from Curcuma longa by LC-MS/MS J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007 853 183 9 17400527
  120. [123]Pan MH Huang TM Lin JK Biotransformation of curcumin through reduction and glucuronidation in mice Drug Metab Dispos 1999 27 486 94 10101144
  121. [124]Dhillon N Aggarwal BB Newman RA Wolff RA Kunnumakkara AB Abbruzzese JL Phase II trial of curcumin in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer Clin Cancer Res 2008 14 4491 9 18628464
  122. [125]Cheng AL Hsu CH Lin JK Hsu MM Ho YF Shen TS Phase I clinical trial of curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, in patients with high-risk or pre-malignant lesions Anticancer Res 2001 21 2895 900 11712783
  123. [126]Sharma RA McLelland HR Hill KA Ireson CR Euden SA Manson MM Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study of oral Curcuma extract in patients with colorectal cancer Clin Cancer Res 2001 7 1894 900 11448902
  124. [127]Carroll CE Benakanakere I Besch-Williford C Ellersieck MR Hyder SM Curcumin delays development of medroxyprogesterone acetate-accelerated 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors Menopause 2010 17 178 84 19629015 PMC2806499
  125. [128]Siddiqui RA Harvey KA Walker C Altenburg J Xu Z Terry C Characterization of synergistic anti-cancer effects of docosahexaenoic acid and curcumin on DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis in mice BMC Cancer 2013 13 418 24034496 PMC3848456
  126. [129]Zhou QM Wang XF Liu XJ Zhang H Lu YY Su SB Curcumin enhanced antiproliferative effect of mitomycin C in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011 32 1402 10 21986579 PMC4002739
  127. [130]Bansal SS Kausar H Vadhanam MV Ravoori S Pan J Rai SN Curcumin implants, not curcumin diet, inhibit estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis in ACI rats Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014 7 456 65 24501322 PMC3992985
  128. [131]McCaskill ML Rogan E Thomas RD Diallyl sulfide inhibits diethylstilbestrol induced DNA damage in human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A) Steroids 2014 92 96 100 25278253 PMC4426958
  129. [132]Na HK Kim EH Choi MA Park JM Kim DH Surh YJ Diallyl trisulfide induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells through ROS-mediated activation of JNK and AP-1 Biochem Pharmacol 2012 84 1241 50 22981381
  130. [133]Green M Wilson C Newell O Sadrud-Din S Thomas R Diallyl sulfide inhibits diethylstilbesterol-induced DNA adducts in the breast of female ACI rats Food Chem Toxicol 2005 43 1323 31 15989972
  131. [134]Green M Newell O Aboyade-Cole A Darling-Reed S Thomas RD Diallyl sulfide induces the expression of estrogen metabolizing genes in the presence and/or absence of diethylstilbestrol in the breast of female ACI rats Toxicol Lett 2007 168 7 12 17129689
  132. [135]Green M Newell O Aboyade-Cole A Darling-Reed S Thomas RD Diallyl sulfide induces the expression of nucleotide excision repair enzymes in the breast of female ACI rats Toxicol Lett 2007 168 40 4 17125941
  133. [136]Gued LR Thomas RD Green M Diallyl sulfide inhibits diethylstilbestrol-induced lipid peroxidation in breast tissue of female ACI rats: implications in breast cancer prevention Oncol Rep 2003 10 739 43 12684652
  134. [137]Srinivasan S Koduru S Kumar R Venguswamy G Kyprianou N Damodaran C Diosgenin targets Akt-mediated prosurvival signaling in human breast cancer cells Int J Cancer 2009 125 961 7 19384950
  135. [138]Okawara M Hashimoto F Todo H Sugibayashi K Tokudome Y Effect of liquid crystals with cyclodextrin on the bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble compound, diosgenin, after its oral administration to rats Int J Pharm 2014 472 257 61 24954725
  136. [139]Jagadeesan J Nandakumar N Rengarajan T Balasubramanian MP Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, exhibits anticancer activity by attenuating lipid peroxidation via enhancing antioxidant defense system during NMU-induced breast carcinoma J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2012 31 121 9 23216637
  137. [140]Chen HS Bai MH Zhang T Li GD Liu M Ellagic acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling pathway in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells Int J Oncol 2015 46 1730 8 25647396
  138. [141]Papoutsi Z Kassi E Tsiapara A Fokialakis N Chrousos GP Moutsatsou P Evaluation of estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of ellagic acid via the estrogen receptor subtypes ERalpha and ERbeta J Agric Food Chem 2005 53 7715 20 16190622
  139. [142]Zhang HM Zhao L Li H Xu H Chen WW Tao L Research progress on the anticarcinogenic actions and mechanisms of ellagic acid Cancer Biol Med 2014 11 92 100 25009751 PMC4069806
  140. [143]Vadhanam MV Ravoori S Aqil F Gupta RC Chemoprevention of mammary carcinogenesis by sustained systemic delivery of ellagic acid Eur J Cancer Prev 2011 20 484 91 21768881
  141. [144]Munagala R Aqil F Vadhanam MV Gupta RC MicroRNA ‘signature’ during estrogen-mediated mammary carcinogenesis and its reversal by ellagic acid intervention Cancer Lett 2013 339 175 84 23791885 PMC3775863
  142. [145]Tran PL Kim SA Choi HS Yoon JH Ahn SG Epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses the expression of HSP70 and HSP90 and exhibits anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo BMC Cancer 2010 10 276 20537126 PMC2927993
  143. [146]Manjegowda MC Deb G Kumar N Limaye AM Expression profiling of genes modulated by estrogen, EGCG or both in MCF-7 breast cancer cells Genom Data 2015 5 210 2 26484257 PMC4583662
  144. [147]Lee MJ Maliakal P Chen L Meng X Bondoc FY Prabhu S Pharmacokinetics of tea catechins after ingestion of green tea and (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate by humans: formation of different metabolites and individual variability Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002 11 1025 32 12376503
  145. [148]Bettuzzi S Brausi M Rizzi F Castagnetti G Peracchia G Corti A Chemoprevention of human prostate cancer by oral administration of green tea catechins in volunteers with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: a preliminary report from a one-year proof-of-principle study Cancer Res 2006 66 1234 40 16424063
  146. [149]Chow HH Hakim IA Vining DR Crowell JA Cordova CA Chew WM Effects of repeated green tea catechin administration on human cytochrome P450 activity Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006 15 2473 6 17164372
  147. [150]Lambert JD Kennett MJ Sang S Reuhl KR Ju J Yang CS Hepatotoxicity of high oral dose (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in mice Food Chem Toxicol 2010 48 409 16 19883714 PMC2905152
  148. [151]Kapetanovic IM Crowell JA Krishnaraj R Zakharov A Lindeblad M Lyubimov A Exposure and toxicity of green tea polyphenols in fasted and non-fasted dogs Toxicology 2009 260 28 36 19464566 PMC2687403
  149. [152]Lambert JD Sang S Yang CS Possible controversy over dietary polyphenols: benefits vs risks Chem Res Toxicol 2007 20 583 5 17362033
  150. [153]Mazzanti G Menniti-Ippolito F Moro PA Cassetti F Raschetti R Santuccio C Hepatotoxicity from green tea: a review of the literature and two unpublished cases Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2009 65 331 41 19198822
  151. [154]Lambert JD Lee MJ Lu H Meng X Hong JJ Seril DN Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is absorbed but extensively glucuronidated following oral administration to mice J Nutr 2003 133 4172 7 14652367
  152. [155]Chen L Lee MJ Li H Yang CS Absorption, distribution, elimination of tea polyphenols in rats Drug Metab Dispos 1997 25 1045 50 9311619
  153. [156]Manjegowda CM Deb G Limaye AM Epigallocatechin gallate induces the steady state mRNA levels of pS2 and PR genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells Indian J Exp Biol 2014 52 312 6 24772933
  154. [157]Moreira L Araujo I Costa T Correia-Branco A Faria A Martel F Quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate inhibit glucose uptake and metabolism by breast cancer cells by an estrogen receptor-independent mechanism Exp Cell Res 2013 319 1784 95 23664836
  155. [158]van Ginkel PR Yan MB Bhattacharya S Polans AS Kenealey JD Natural products induce a G protein-mediated calcium pathway activating p53 in cancer cells Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015 288 453 62 26341291 PMC4620942
  156. [159]Khan HY Zubair H Faisal M Ullah MF Farhan M Sarkar FH Plant polyphenol induced cell death in human cancer cells involves mobilization of intracellular copper ions and reactive oxygen species generation: a mechanism for cancer chemopreventive action Mol Nutr Food Res 2014 58 437 46 24123728
  157. [160]Liao S Umekita Y Guo J Kokontis JM Hiipakka RA Growth inhibition and regression of human prostate and breast tumors in athymic mice by tea epigallocatechin gallate Cancer Lett 1995 96 239 43 7585463
  158. [161]Goodin MG Fertuck KC Zacharewski TR Rosengren RJ Estrogen receptor-mediated actions of polyphenolic catechins in vivo and in vitro Toxicol Sci 2002 69 354 61 12377984
  159. [162]Choi YE Park E Ferulic acid in combination with PARP inhibitor sensitizes breast cancer cells as chemotherapeutic strategy Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015 458 520 4 25677620
  160. [163]Bourne L Paganga G Baxter D Hughes P Rice-Evans C Absorption of ferulic acid from low-alcohol beer Free Radic Res 2000 32 273 80 10730826
  161. [164]Manach C Williamson G Morand C Scalbert A Remesy C Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies Am J Clin Nutr 2005 81 230S 42S 15640486
  162. [165]Baskaran N Manoharan S Balakrishnan S Pugalendhi P Chemopreventive potential of ferulic acid in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats Eur J Pharmacol 2010 637 22 9 20385116
  163. [166]Thompson LU Chen JM Li T Strasser-Weippl K Goss PE Dietary flaxseed alters tumor biological markers in postmenopausal breast cancer Clin Cancer Res 2005 11 3828 35 15897583
  164. [167]Thompson LU Boucher BA Liu Z Cotterchio M Kreiger N Phytoestrogen content of foods consumed in Canada, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestan Nutr Cancer 2006 54 184 201 16898863
  165. [168]Chen J Power KA Mann J Cheng A Thompson LU Dietary flaxseed interaction with tamoxifen induced tumor regression in athymic mice with MCF-7 xenografts by downregulating the expression of estrogen related gene products and signal transduction pathways Nutr Cancer 2007 58 162 70 17640162
  166. [169]Chen J Power KA Mann J Cheng A Thompson LU Flaxseed alone or in combination with tamoxifen inhibits MCF-7 breast tumor growth in ovariectomized athymic mice with high circulating levels of estrogen Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2007 232 1071 80 17720953
  167. [170]Chen J Hui E Ip T Thompson LU Dietary flaxseed enhances the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen on the growth of estrogen-dependent human breast cancer (mcf-7) in nude mice Clin Cancer Res 2004 10 7703 11 15570004
  168. [171]Delman DM Fabian CJ Kimler BF Yeh H Petroff BK Effects of Flaxseed Lignan Secoisolariciresinol Diglucosideon Preneoplastic Biomarkers of Cancer Progression in a Model of Simultaneous Breast and Ovarian Cancer Development Nutr Cancer 2015 67 857 64 26010915 PMC5025029
  169. [172]Rickard SE Yuan YV Chen J Thompson LU Dose effects of flaxseed and its lignan on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary tumorigenesis in rats Nutr Cancer 1999 35 50 7 10624706
  170. [173]Parihar S Gupta A Chaturvedi AK Agarwal J Luqman S Changkija B Gallic acid based steroidal phenstatin analogues for selective targeting of breast cancer cells through inhibiting tubulin polymerization Steroids 2012 77 878 86 22503714
  171. [174]Wang K Zhu X Zhang K Zhu L Zhou F Investigation of gallic acid induced anticancer effect in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2014 28 387 93 24864015
  172. [175]Hsu JD Kao SH Ou TT Chen YJ Li YJ Wang CJ Gallic acid induces G2/M phase arrest of breast cancer cell MCF-7 through stabilization of p27(Kip1) attributed to disruption of p27(Kip1)/Skp2 complex J Agric Food Chem 2011 59 1996 2003 21299246
  173. [176]Shahrzad S Aoyagi K Winter A Koyama A Bitsch I Pharmacokinetics of gallic acid and its relative bioavailability from tea in healthy humans J Nutr 2001 131 1207 10 11285327
  174. [177]Ferruzzi MG Lobo JK Janle EM Cooper B Simon JE Wu QL Bioavailability of gallic acid and catechins from grape seed polyphenol extract is improved by repeated dosing in rats: implications for treatment in Alzheimer’s disease J Alzheimers Dis 2009 18 113 24 19625746 PMC2801429
  175. [178]Banerjee N Kim H Krenek K Talcott ST Mertens-Talcott SU Mango polyphenolics suppressed tumor growth in breast cancer xenografts in mice: role of the PI3K/AKT pathway and associated microRNAs Nutr Res 2015 35 744 51 26194618
  176. [179]Pons DG Nadal-Serrano M Torrens-Mas M Oliver J Roca P The Phytoestrogen Genistein Affects Breast Cancer Cells Treatment Depending on the ERalpha/ERbeta Ratio J Cell Biochem 2015 26100284
  177. [180]Setchell KD Brown NM Desai P Zimmer-Nechemias L Wolfe BE Brashear WT Bioavailability of pure isoflavones in healthy humans and analysis of commercial soy isoflavone supplements J Nutr 2001 131 1362S 75S 11285356
  178. [181]Larkin T Price WE Astheimer L The key importance of soy isoflavone bioavailability to understanding health benefits Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2008 48 538 52 18568859
  179. [182]Michael McClain R Wolz E Davidovich A Pfannkuch F Edwards JA Bausch J Acute, subchronic and chronic safety studies with genistein in rats Food Chem Toxicol 2006 44 56 80 16213646
  180. [183]Busby MG Jeffcoat AR Bloedon LT Koch MA Black T Dix KJ Clinical characteristics and pharmacokinetics of purified soy isoflavones: single-dose administration to healthy men Am J Clin Nutr 2002 75 126 36 11756070
  181. [184]Bloedon LT Jeffcoat AR Lopaczynski W Schell MJ Black TM Dix KJ Safety and pharmacokinetics of purified soy isoflavones: single-dose administration to postmenopausal women Am J Clin Nutr 2002 76 1126 37 12399289
  182. [185]Peng JH Zhu JD Mi MT Li FJ Cai L Dong JZ Prepubertal genistein exposure affects erbB2/Akt signal and reduces rat mammary tumorigenesis Eur J Cancer Prev 2010 19 110 9 20051871
  183. [186]Kang X Jin S Zhang Q Antitumor and antiangiogenic activity of soy phytoestrogen on 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene-induced mammary tumors following ovariectomy in Sprague-Dawley rats J Food Sci 2009 74 H237 42 19895476
  184. [187]Park OJ Shin JI Proapoptotic potentials of genistein under growth stimulation by estrogen Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004 1030 410 8 15659824
  185. [188]Constantinou AI Krygier AE Mehta RR Genistein induces maturation of cultured human breast cancer cells and prevents tumor growth in nude mice Am J Clin Nutr 1998 68 1426S 30S 9848511
  186. [189]Andrade JE Ju YH Baker C Doerge DR Helferich WG Long-term exposure to dietary sources of genistein induces estrogen-independence in the human breast cancer (MCF-7) xenograft model Mol Nutr Food Res 2015 59 413 23 24668689 PMC4143497
  187. [190]Fan P Fan S Wang H Mao J Shi Y Ibrahim MM Genistein decreases the breast cancer stem-like cell population through Hedgehog pathway Stem Cell Res Ther 2013 4 146 24331293 PMC4054948
  188. [191]Palit S Kar S Sharma G Das PK Hesperetin Induces Apoptosis in Breast Carcinoma by Triggering Accumulation of ROS and Activation of ASK1/JNK Pathway J Cell Physiol 2015 230 1729 39 25204891
  189. [192]Choi EJ Hesperetin induced G1-phase cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells: involvement of CDK4 and p21 Nutr Cancer 2007 59 115 9 17927510
  190. [193]Li F Ye L Lin SM Leung LK Dietary flavones and flavonones display differential effects on aromatase (CYP19) transcription in the breast cancer cells MCF-7 Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011 344 51 8 21741436
  191. [194]Zava DT Blen M Duwe G Estrogenic activity of natural and synthetic estrogens in human breast cancer cells in culture Environ Health Perspect 1997 105 Suppl 3 637 45 9168008 PMC1469890
  192. [195]Miksicek RJ Interaction of naturally occurring nonsteroidal estrogens with expressed recombinant human estrogen receptor J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994 49 153 60 8031711
  193. [196]Ye L Chan FL Chen S Leung LK The citrus flavonone hesperetin inhibits growth of aromatase-expressing MCF-7 tumor in ovariectomized athymic mice J Nutr Biochem 2012 23 1230 7 22209285
  194. [197]Marconett CN Singhal AK Sundar SN Firestone GL Indole-3-carbinol disrupts estrogen receptor-alpha dependent expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 and proliferation of human breast cancer cells Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012 363 74 84 22835548 PMC3684449
  195. [198]Caruso JA Campana R Wei C Su CH Hanks AM Bornmann WG Indole-3-carbinol and its N-alkoxy derivatives preferentially target ERalpha-positive breast cancer cells Cell Cycle 2014 13 2587 99 25486199 PMC4614451
  196. [199]Tiwari RK Guo L Bradlow HL Telang NT Osborne MP Selective responsiveness of human breast cancer cells to indole-3-carbinol, a chemopreventive agent J Natl Cancer Inst 1994 86 126 31 8271295
  197. [200]Reed GA Arneson DW Putnam WC Smith HJ Gray JC Sullivan DK Single-dose and multiple-dose administration of indole-3-carbinol to women: pharmacokinetics based on 3,3′-diindolylmethane Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006 15 2477 81 17164373
  198. [201]Horn TL Reichert MA Bliss RL Malejka-Giganti D Modulations of P450 mRNA in liver and mammary gland and P450 activities and metabolism of estrogen in liver by treatment of rats with indole-3-carbinol Biochem Pharmacol 2002 64 393 404 12147290
  199. [202]Leibelt DA Hedstrom OR Fischer KA Pereira CB Williams DE Evaluation of chronic dietary exposure to indole-3-carbinol and absorption-enhanced 3,3′-diindolylmethane in sprague-dawley rats Toxicol Sci 2003 74 10 21 12730619
  200. [203]Malloy VL Bradlow HL Orentreich N Interaction between a semisynthetic diet and indole-3-carbinol on mammary tumor incidence in Balb/cfC3H mice Anticancer Res 1997 17 4333 7 9494529

200 of 349 shown

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Bak, M. J., Das Gupta, S., Wahler, J., & Suh, N.
Affiliations
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
Corresponding author
Suh, Nanjoo
Venue
Seminars in Cancer Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-10
Volume
40-41
Pages
170-191
ISSN
1044-579X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2306478460
Cited by
80
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4
FWCI
1.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Seminars in Cancer Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (R01AT007036, R01CA127645)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES005022)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Phytoestrogen effects and research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Keywords
estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, luminal breast cancer, estrogen metabolism, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, estrogen receptor signaling, breast cancer prevention, breast cancer treatment, food-derived compounds
MeSH terms
Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Breast Neoplasms, Diet, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Female, Humans, Plant Extracts, Receptors, Estrogen, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Anticarcinogenic Agents

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review