CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 94Cellular Mechanics and InteractionsProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase SignalingAxon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling

Phosphoregulation of the WAVE regulatory complex and signal integration

Open access
Mendoza, Michelle C.·2013·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
DOI 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.01.007PMC PMC3637877
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The WAVE2 regulatory complex (WRC) induces actin polymerization by activating the actin nucleator Arp2/3. Polymerizing actin pushes against the cell membrane and induces dramatic edge protrusions. In order to properly control such changes in cell morphology and function, cells have evolved multiple methods to tightly regulate WRC and Arp2/3 activity in space and time. Of these mechanisms, phosphorylation plays a fundamental role in transmitting extracellular and intracellular signals to the WRC and the actin cytoskeleton. This review discusses the phosphorylation-based regulatory inputs into the WRC. Signaling pathways that respond to growth factors, chemokines, hormones, and extracellular matrix converge upon the WAVE and ABI components of the WRC. The Abl, Src, ERK, and PKA kinases promote complex activation through a WRC conformation change that permits interaction with the Arp2/3 complex and through WRC translocation to the cell edge. The neuron-specific CDK5 and constitutively active CK2 kinases inhibit WRC activation. These regulatory signals are integrated in space and time as they coalesce upon the WRC. The combination of WRC phosphorylation events and WRC activity is controlled by stimulus, cell type, and cell cycle-specific pathway activation and via pathway cross-inhibition and cross-activation.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.01.007

Cites

6 of 6 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Phosphorylation is key to maintaining stability and function of ABI family proteins.

    “It is known that phosphorylation is key to maintaining the stability and function of ABI family of proteins [37, 80].”

    From Deletion of Abi3/Gngt2 influences age-progressive amyloid β and tau pathologies in distinctive ways (2022) · cites this paper as [37]

    Section 2.1 (Abl) reports that Abl phosphorylation promotes Drosophila ABI1 stability, while oncogenic Abl induces ABI2 degradation; it also cautions that Abl activity alone is unlikely to regulate ABI stability. Section 3.2 (ERK) links ABI phosphorylation to WRC activation. These passages support roles for phosphorylation in ABI stability and function, but not the unqualified claim that it maintains the stability of ABI family proteins generally. Page numbers were not provided in the passages. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • These ERK or JNK phosphorylation sites are not present in WAVE1 or WAVE3.

    “However, these ERK or JNK phosphorylation sites are not present in WAVE1 or WAVE336.”

    From The WAVE complex in developmental and adulthood brain disorders (2025) · cites this paper as [36]

    Section 3.2 (ERK; page unavailable) states that the listed WAVE2 ERK phosphorylation sites are absent from WAVE1 and WAVE3. Our copy does not identify these as JNK phosphorylation sites or establish the corresponding claim for JNK. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The ABI family proteins, especially ABI-1 and ABI-2, are involved in cytoskeletal reorganization.

    “The ABI family of proteins, especially ABI-1 and ABI-2, are involved in cytoskeletal reorganization [37].”

    From Deletion of Abi3/Gngt2 influences age-progressive amyloid β and tau pathologies in distinctive ways (2022) · cites this paper as [37]

  • Parental Abi3-Gngt2−/− lines show an abundance of immune signature, while TG-Abi3-Gngt2−/− mice show additional signatures consistent with ABI family functions.

    “While the parental Abi3-Gngt2−/− lines mostly indicated an abundance of immune signature, the TG-Abi3-Gngt2−/− mice showed additional signatures consistent with the known functions of the ABI family of proteins [37].”

    From Deletion of Abi3/Gngt2 influences age-progressive amyloid β and tau pathologies in distinctive ways (2022) · cites this paper as [37]

  • The molecular pathways altered in TG-Abi3-Gngt2−/− mice recapitulate expected functional properties of the ABI family members.

    “recapitulating expected functional properties of the ABI family members [37]”

    From Deletion of Abi3/Gngt2 influences age-progressive amyloid β and tau pathologies in distinctive ways (2022) · cites this paper as [37]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 86

  1. [1]Campellone KG Welch MD A nucleator arms race: cellular control of actin assembly. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010 11 237 51 20237478 PMC2929822
  2. [2]Pollard TD Cooper JA Actin, a central player in cell shape and movement. Science 2009 326 1208 12 19965462 PMC3677050
  3. [3]Eden S Rohatgi R Podtelejnikov AV Mann M Kirschner MW Mechanism of regulation of WAVE1-induced actin nucleation by Rac1 and Nck. Nature 2002 418 790 3 12181570
  4. [4]Gautreau A Ho HY Li J Steen H Gygi SP Kirschner MW Purification and architecture of the ubiquitous Wave complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004 101 4379 83 15070726 PMC384755
  5. [5]Innocenti M Zucconi A Disanza A Frittoli E Areces LB Steffen A Abi1 is essential for the formation and activation of a WAVE2 signalling complex. Nat Cell Biol 2004 6 319 27 15048123
  6. [6]Steffen A Rottner K Ehinger J Innocenti M Scita G Wehland J Sra-1 and Nap1 link Rac to actin assembly driving lamellipodia formation. EMBO J 2004 23 749 59 14765121 PMC380996
  7. [7]Stovold CF Millard TH Machesky LM Inclusion of Scar/WAVE3 in a similar complex to Scar/WAVE1 and 2. BMC Cell Biol 2005 6 11 15752430 PMC555569
  8. [8]Chen Z Borek D Padrick SB Gomez TS Metlagel Z Ismail AM Structure and control of the actin regulatory WAVE complex. Nature 2010 468 533 8 21107423 PMC3085272
  9. [9]Ismail AM Padrick SB Chen B Umetani J Rosen MK The WAVE regulatory complex is inhibited. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2009 16 561 3 19363480 PMC2716658
  10. [10]Padrick SB Rosen MK Physical mechanisms of signal integration by WASP family proteins. Annu Rev Biochem 2010 79 707 35 20533885 PMC3017724
  11. [11]Hufner K Higgs HN Pollard TD Jacobi C Aepfelbacher M Linder S The verprolin-like central (vc) region of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein induces Arp2/3 complex-dependent actin nucleation. J Biol Chem 2001 276 35761 7 11459849
  12. [12]Kreishman-Deitrick M Goley ED Burdine L Denison C Egile C Li R NMR analyses of the activation of the Arp2/3 complex by neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein. Biochemistry 2005 44 15247 56 16285728
  13. [14]Rodal AA Sokolova O Robins DB Daugherty KM Hippenmeyer S Riezman H Conformational changes in the Arp2/3 complex leading to actin nucleation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2005 12 26 31 15592479
  14. [15]Boczkowska M Rebowski G Petoukhov MV Hayes DB Svergun DI Dominguez R X-ray scattering study of activated Arp2/3 complex with bound actin-WCA. Structure 2008 16 695 704 18462674 PMC2849165
  15. [16]Panchal SC Kaiser DA Torres E Pollard TD Rosen MK A conserved amphipathic helix in WASP/Scar proteins is essential for activation of Arp2/3 complex. Nat Struct Biol 2003 10 591 8 12872157
  16. [17]Chereau D Kerff F Graceffa P Grabarek Z Langsetmo K Dominguez R Actin-bound structures of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 and the implications for filament assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 102 16644 9 16275905 PMC1283820
  17. [18]Echarri A Lai MJ Robinson MR Pendergast AM Abl interactor 1 (Abi-1) wave-binding and SNARE domains regulate its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, lamellipodium localization, and wave-1 levels. Mol Cell Biol 2004 24 4979 93 15143189 PMC416433
  18. [20]Mendoza MC Er EE Zhang W Ballif BA Elliott HL Danuser G ERK-MAPK drives lamellipodia protrusion by activating the WAVE2 regulatory complex. Mol Cell 2011 41 661 71 21419341 PMC3078620
  19. [21]Rogers SL Wiedemann U Stuurman N Vale RD Molecular requirements for actin-based lamella formation in Drosophila S2 cells. J Cell Biol 2003 162 1079 88 12975351 PMC2172842
  20. [22]Lebensohn AM Kirschner MW Activation of the WAVE complex by coincident signals controls actin assembly. Mol Cell 2009 36 512 24 19917258 PMC2818508
  21. [23]Derivery E Lombard B Loew D Gautreau A The Wave complex is intrinsically inactive. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 2009 66 777 90 19206172
  22. [24]Kim Y Sung JY Ceglia I Lee KW Ahn JH Halford JM Phosphorylation of WAVE1 regulates actin polymerization and dendritic spine morphology. Nature 2006 442 814 7 16862120
  23. [25]Machesky LM Insall RH Scar1 and the related Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, WASP, regulate the actin cytoskeleton through the Arp2/3 complex. Curr Biol 1998 8 1347 56 9889097
  24. [26]Miki H Suetsugu S Takenawa T WAVE, a novel WASP-family protein involved in actin reorganization induced by Rac. EMBO J 1998 17 6932 41 9843499 PMC1171041
  25. [27]Suetsugu S Kurisu S Oikawa T Yamazaki D Oda A Takenawa T Optimization of WAVE2 complex-induced actin polymerization by membrane-bound IRSp53, PIP(3), and Rac. J Cell Biol 2006 173 571 85 16702231 PMC2063866
  26. [29]Oikawa T Yamaguchi H Itoh T Kato M Ijuin T Yamazaki D PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 binding is necessary for WAVE2-induced formation of lamellipodia. Nat Cell Biol 2004 6 420 6 15107862
  27. [30]Padrick SB Cheng HC Ismail AM Panchal SC Doolittle LK Kim S Hierarchical regulation of WASP/WAVE proteins. Mol Cell 2008 32 426 38 18995840 PMC2680354
  28. [31]Dubielecka PM Ladwein KI Xiong X Migeotte I Chorzalska A Anderson KV Essential role for Abi1 in embryonic survival and WAVE2 complex integrity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011 108 7022 7 21482783 PMC3084068
  29. [32]Sossey-Alaoui K Head K Nowak N Cowell JK Genomic organization and expression profile of the human and mouse WAVE gene family. Mamm Genome 2003 14 314 22 12856283
  30. [33]Kheir WA Gevrey JC Yamaguchi H Isaac B Cox D A WAVE2-Abi1 complex mediates CSF-1-induced F-actin-rich membrane protrusions and migration in macrophages. J Cell Sci 2005 118 5369 79 16280551
  31. [34]Suetsugu S Yamazaki D Kurisu S Takenawa T Differential roles of WAVE1 and WAVE2 in dorsal and peripheral ruffle formation for fibroblast cell migration. Dev Cell 2003 5 595 609 14536061
  32. [35]Yamazaki D Suetsugu S Miki H Kataoka Y Nishikawa S Fujiwara T WAVE2 is required for directed cell migration and cardiovascular development. Nature 2003 424 452 6 12879075
  33. [36]Yan C Martinez-Quiles N Eden S Shibata T Takeshima F Shinkura R WAVE2 deficiency reveals distinct roles in embryogenesis and Rac-mediated actin-based motility. EMBO J 2003 22 3602 12 12853475 PMC165620
  34. [37]Dahl JP Wang-Dunlop J Gonzales C Goad ME Mark RJ Kwak SP Characterization of the WAVE1 knock-out mouse: implications for CNS development. J Neurosci 2003 23 3343 52 12716942 PMC6742295
  35. [38]Suetsugu S Miki H Takenawa T Identification of two human WAVE/SCAR homologues as general actin regulatory molecules which associate with the Arp2/3 complex. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999 260 296 302 10381382
  36. [39]Sossey-Alaoui K Li X Cowell JK c-Abl-mediated phosphorylation of WAVE3 is required for lamellipodia formation and cell migration. J Biol Chem 2007 282 26257 65 17623672
  37. [40]Sossey-Alaoui K Safina A Li X Vaughan MM Hicks DG Bakin AV Down-regulation of WAVE3, a metastasis promoter gene, inhibits invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Am J Pathol 2007 170 2112 21 17525277 PMC1899429
  38. [41]Wang C Navab R Iakovlev V Leng Y Zhang J Tsao MS Abelson interactor protein-1 positively regulates breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mol Cancer Res 2007 5 1031 9 17951403
  39. [42]Courtney KD Grove M Vandongen H Vandongen A LaMantia AS Pendergast AM Localization and phosphorylation of Abl-interactor proteins, Abi-1 and Abi-2, in the developing nervous system. Mol Cell Neurosci 2000 16 244 57 10995551
  40. [43]Grove M Demyanenko G Echarri A Zipfel PA Quiroz ME Rodriguiz RM ABI2-deficient mice exhibit defective cell migration, aberrant dendritic spine morphogenesis, and deficits in learning and memory. Mol Cell Biol 2004 24 10905 22 15572692 PMC533973
  41. [44]Van Etten RA Cycling, stressed-out and nervous: cellular functions of c-Abl. Trends Cell Biol 1999 9 179 86 10322452
  42. [45]Huang Y Comiskey EO Dupree RS Li S Koleske AJ Burkhardt JK The c-Abl tyrosine kinase regulates actin remodeling at the immune synapse. Blood 2008 112 111 9 18305217 PMC2435682
  43. [46]Salgia R Li JL Ewaniuk DS Pear W Pisick E Burky SA BCR/ABL induces multiple abnormalities of cytoskeletal function. J Clin Invest 1997 100 46 57 9202056 PMC508164
  44. [47]Dai Z Pendergast AM Abi-2, a novel SH3-containing protein interacts with the c-Abl tyrosine kinase and modulates c-Abl transforming activity. Genes Dev 1995 9 2569 82 7590236
  45. [48]Shi Y Alin K Goff SP Abl-interactor-1, a novel SH3 protein binding to the carboxy-terminal portion of the Abl protein, suppresses v-abl transforming activity. Genes Dev 1995 9 2583 97 7590237
  46. [49]Dai Z Kerzic P Schroeder WG McNiece IK Deletion of the Src homology 3 domain and C-terminal proline-rich sequences in Bcr-Abl prevents Abl interactor 2 degradation and spontaneous cell migration and impairs leukemogenesis. J Biol Chem 2001 276 28954 60 11387320
  47. [50]Cestra G Toomre D Chang S De Camilli P The Abl/Arg substrate ArgBP2/nArgBP2 coordinates the function of multiple regulatory mechanisms converging on the actin cytoskeleton. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 102 1731 6 15659545 PMC547834
  48. [51]Leng Y Zhang J Badour K Arpaia E Freeman S Cheung P Abelson-interactor-1 promotes WAVE2 membrane translocation and Abelson-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation required for WAVE2 activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 102 1098 103 15657136 PMC545868
  49. [52]Li Y Clough N Sun X Yu W Abbott BL Hogan CJ Bcr-Abl induces abnormal cytoskeleton remodeling, beta1 integrin clustering and increased cell adhesion to fibronectin through the Abl interactor 1 pathway. J Cell Sci 2007 120 1436 46 17389688 PMC1950936
  50. [53]Stuart JR Gonzalez FH Kawai H Yuan ZM c-Abl interacts with the WAVE2 signaling complex to induce membrane ruffling and cell spreading. J Biol Chem 2006 281 31290 7 16899465
  51. [54]Zhuang C Tang H Dissanaike S Cobos E Tao Y Dai Z CDK1-mediated phosphorylation of Abi1 attenuates Bcr-Abl-induced F-actin assembly and tyrosine phosphorylation of WAVE complex during mitosis. J Biol Chem 2011 286 38614 26 21900237 PMC3207404
  52. [55]Huang CH Lin TY Pan RL Juang JL The involvement of Abl and PTP61F in the regulation of Abi protein localization and stability and lamella formation in Drosophila S2 cells. J Biol Chem 2007 282 32442 52 17804420
  53. [56]Dai Z Quackenbush RC Courtney KD Grove M Cortez D Reuther GW Oncogenic Abl and Src tyrosine kinases elicit the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of target proteins through a Ras-independent pathway. Genes Dev 1998 12 1415 24 9585502 PMC316832
  54. [57]Jung JH Pendergast AM Zipfel PA Traugh JA Phosphorylation of c-Abl by protein kinase Pak2 regulates differential binding of ABI2 and CRK. Biochemistry 2008 47 1094 104 18161990
  55. [58]Soubeyran P Barac A Szymkiewicz I Dikic I Cbl-ArgBP2 complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of c-Abl. Biochem J 2003 370 29 34 12475393 PMC1223168
  56. [59]Taieb D Roignot J Andre F Garcia S Masson B Pierres A ArgBP2-dependent signaling regulates pancreatic cell migration, adhesion, and tumorigenicity. Cancer Res 2008 68 4588 96 18559503
  57. [60]Schwartz D Gygi SP An iterative statistical approach to the identification of protein phosphorylation motifs from large-scale data sets. Nat Biotechnol 2005 23 1391 8 16273072
  58. [61]Guarino M Src signaling in cancer invasion. J Cell Physiol 2010 223 14 26 20049846
  59. [63]Frame MC Src in cancer: deregulation and consequences for cell behaviour. Biochim Biophys Acta 2002 1602 114 30 12020799
  60. [64]Timpson P Jones GE Frame MC Brunton VG Coordination of cell polarization and migration by the Rho family GTPases requires Src tyrosine kinase activity. Curr Biol 2001 11 1836 46 11728306
  61. [65]Ardern H Sandilands E Machesky LM Timpson P Frame MC Brunton VG Src-dependent phosphorylation of Scar1 promotes its association with the Arp2/3 complex. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 2006 63 6 13 16317717
  62. [66]Lolli G Structural dissection of cyclin dependent kinases regulation and protein recognition properties. Cell Cycle 2010 9 1551 61 20372077
  63. [67]Gavet O Pines J Progressive activation of CyclinB1-Cdk1 coordinates entry to mitosis. Dev Cell 2010 18 533 43 20412769 PMC3325599
  64. [69]Miyamoto Y Yamauchi J Tanoue A Cdk5 phosphorylation of WAVE2 regulates oligodendrocyte precursor cell migration through nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Fyn. J Neurosci 2008 28 8326 37 18701695 PMC6670578
  65. [70]Hisanaga S Endo R Regulation and role of cyclin-dependent kinase activity in neuronal survival and death. J Neurochem 2010 115 1309 21 21044075
  66. [71]Ceglia I Kim Y Nairn AC Greengard P Signaling pathways controlling the phosphorylation state of WAVE1, a regulator of actin polymerization. J Neurochem 2010 114 182 90 20403076 PMC2945298
  67. [72]Hutti JE Jarrell ET Chang JD Abbott DW Storz P Toker A A rapid method for determining protein kinase phosphorylation specificity. Nat Methods 2004 1 27 9 15782149
  68. [74]Roskoski R Jr ERK1/2 MAP kinases: structure, function, and regulation. Pharmacol Res 2012 66 105 43 22569528
  69. [75]Kolch W Coordinating ERK/MAPK signalling through scaffolds and inhibitors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2005 6 827 37 16227978
  70. [76]McKay MM Morrison DK Integrating signals from RTKs to ERK/MAPK. Oncogene 2007 26 3113 21 17496910
  71. [77]Scott MG Pierotti V Storez H Lindberg E Thuret A Muntaner O Cooperative regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and cell shape change by filamin A and beta-arrestins. Mol Cell Biol 2006 26 3432 45 16611986 PMC1447405
  72. [78]Danson CM Pocha SM Bloomberg GB Cory GO Phosphorylation of WAVE2 by MAP kinases regulates persistent cell migration and polarity. J Cell Sci 2007 120 4144 54 18032787 PMC2690415
  73. [79]Nakanishi O Suetsugu S Yamazaki D Takenawa T Effect of WAVE2 phosphorylation on activation of the Arp2/3 complex. J Biochem 2007 141 319 25 17202194
  74. [80]Miki H Fukuda M Nishida E Takenawa T Phosphorylation of WAVE downstream of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. J Biol Chem 1999 274 27605 9 10488099
  75. [81]Obenauer JC Cantley LC Yaffe MB Scansite 2.0: Proteome-wide prediction of cell signaling interactions using short sequence motifs. Nucleic Acids Res 2003 31 3635 41 12824383 PMC168990
  76. [82]Duncan JS Litchfield DW Too much of a good thing: the role of protein kinase CK2 in tumorigenesis and prospects for therapeutic inhibition of CK2. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008 1784 33 47 17931986
  77. [83]Meggio F Pinna LA One-thousand-and-one substrates of protein kinase CK2? FASEB J 2003 17 349 68 12631575
  78. [84]Pocha SM Cory GO WAVE2 is regulated by multiple phosphorylation events within its VCA domain. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 2009 66 36 47 19012317 PMC2798068
  79. [85]Ura S Pollitt AY Veltman DM Morrice NA Machesky LM Insall RH Pseudopod growth and evolution during cell movement is controlled through SCAR/WAVE dephosphorylation. Curr Biol 2012 22 553 61 22386315 PMC4961229
  80. [86]Pearce LR Komander D Alessi DR The nuts and bolts of AGC protein kinases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2010 11 9 22 20027184
  81. [87]Ahn JH McAvoy T Rakhilin SV Nishi A Greengard P Nairn AC Protein kinase A activates protein phosphatase 2A by phosphorylation of the B56delta subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007 104 2979 84 17301223 PMC1815292
  82. [88]Usui H Inoue R Tanabe O Nishito Y Shimizu M Hayashi H Activation of protein phosphatase 2A by cAMP-dependent protein kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of the 74-kDa B” (delta) regulatory subunit in vitro and identification of the phosphorylation sites. FEBS Lett 1998 430 312 6 9688562
  83. [89]Yamashita H Ueda K Kioka N WAVE2 forms a complex with PKA and is involved in PKA enhancement of membrane protrusions. J Biol Chem 2011 286 3907 14 21119216 PMC3030391
  84. [90]Westphal RS Soderling SH Alto NM Langeberg LK Scott JD Scar/WAVE-1, a Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein, assembles an actin-associated multi-kinase scaffold. EMBO J 2000 19 4589 600 10970852 PMC302050
  85. [91]Kim LC Song L Haura EB Src kinases as therapeutic targets for cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2009 6 587 95 19787002
  86. [92]Renshaw MW Lewis JM Schwartz MA The c-Abl tyrosine kinase contributes to the transient activation of MAP kinase in cells plated on fibronectin. Oncogene 2000 19 3216 9 10918577

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Mendoza, M. C.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Mendoza, Michelle C.
ORCID
Mendoza, Michelle C.
Venue
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-04
Volume
24
Issue
4
Pages
272-279
ISSN
1084-9521 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.01.007
PMC
PMC3637877
OpenAlex
W1988338271
Cited by
94
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3
FWCI
0.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Cancer Institute (K01CA168850)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Keywords
WAVE regulatory complex, WAVE2, Arp2/3 complex, actin polymerization, phosphorylation, signal integration, c-Abl, Src kinase, ERK kinase, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, casein kinase 2, growth factor signaling, chemokine signaling, hormone signaling, extracellular matrix signaling, cell cycle regulation
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Phosphorylation, Signal Transduction, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review