Microglia along sex lines: From brain colonization, maturation and function, to implication in neurodevelopmental disorders

Synaptic Pruning by Microglia Is Necessary for Normal Brain Development

Paolicelli, R. C., Bolasco, G., Pagani, F., Maggi, L., Scianni, M., Panzanelli, P., Giustetto, M., Ferreira, T. A., Guiducci, E., Dumas, L., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1202529 · Cited by 4,244 · see citing works

Microglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner

Schafer, D. P., Lehrman, E. K., Kautzman, A. G., Koyama, R., Mardinly, A. R., Yamasaki, R., Ransohoff, R. M., Greenberg, M. E., Barres, B. A., & Stevens, B. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.03.026 · Cited by 4,089 · see citing works

Complement and microglia mediate early synapse loss in Alzheimer mouse models

Hong, S., Beja-Glasser, V. F., Nfonoyim, B. M., Frouin, A., Li, S., Ramakrishnan, S., Merry, K. M., Shi, Q., Rosenthal, A., Barres, B. A., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad8373 · Cited by 3,343 · see citing works

Identification of a unique TGF-β–dependent molecular and functional signature in microglia

Butovsky, O., Jedrychowski, M. P., Moore, C. S., Cialic, R., Lanser, A. J., Gabriely, G., Koeglsperger, T., Dake, B., Wu, P. M., Doykan, C. E., et al. (2014) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3599 · Cited by 2,543 · see citing works

Gender differences in anxiety disorders: Prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness

McLean, C. P., Asnaani, A., Litz, B. T., & Hofmann, S. G. (2011) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006 · Cited by 2,519 · see citing works

Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism

Vargas, D. L., Nascimbene, C., Krishnan, C., Zimmerman, A. W., & Pardo, C. A. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20315 · Cited by 2,149 · see citing works

Transcriptomic Analysis of Autistic Brain Reveals Convergent Molecular Pathology

Voineagu, I., Wang, X., Johnston, P., Lowe, J. K., Tian, Y., Horvath, S., Mill, J., Cantor, R. M., Blencowe, B. J., & Geschwind, D. H. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10110 · Cited by 1,874 · see citing works

Why is depression more prevalent in women?

Albert, P. R. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1503/jpn.150205 · Cited by 1,785 · see citing works

Microglial interactions with synapses are modulated by visual experience

Tremblay, M.-È., Lowery, R. L., & Majewska, A. K. (2010) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000527 · Cited by 1,542 · see citing works

Trajectories of brain development: point of vulnerability or window of opportunity?

Andersen, S. L. (2003) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(03)00005-8 · Cited by 1,503 · see citing works

An environment-dependent transcriptional network specifies human microglia identity

Gosselin, D., Skola, D., Coufal, N. G., Holtman, I. R., Schlachetzki, J. C. M., Sajti, E., Jaeger, B. N., O’Connor, C., Fitzpatrick, C., Pasillas, M. P., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aal3222 · Cited by 1,220 · see citing works

Maternal immune activation: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders

Estes, M. L., & McAllister, A. K. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aag3194 · Cited by 1,206 · see citing works

Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain homeostasis

Matcovitch-Natan, O., Winter, D. R., Giladi, A., Vargas Aguilar, S., Spinrad, A., Sarrazin, S., Ben-Yehuda, H., David, E., Zelada González, F., Perrin, P., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad8670 · Cited by 1,180 · see citing works

Microglia: new roles for the synaptic stripper

Kettenmann, H., Kirchhoff, F., & Verkhratsky, A. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.023 · Cited by 1,173 · see citing works

Layer V cortical neurons require microglial support for survival during postnatal development

Ueno, M., Fujita, Y., Tanaka, T., Nakamura, Y., Kikuta, J., Ishii, M., & Yamashita, T. (2013) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3358 · Cited by 781 · see citing works

Microglia Promote the Death of Developing Purkinje Cells

Marı́n-Teva, J. L., Dusart, I., Colin, C., Gervais, A., van Rooijen, N., & Mallat, M. (2004) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(04)00069-8 · Cited by 757 · see citing works

Sex-specific transcriptional signatures in human depression

Labonté, B., Engmann, O., Purushothaman, I., Menard, C., Wang, J., Tan, C., Scarpa, J. R., Moy, G., Loh, Y.-H. E., Cahill, M., et al. (2017) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4386 · Cited by 748 · see citing works

Microglia contribute to normal myelinogenesis and to oligodendrocyte progenitor maintenance during adulthood

Hagemeyer, N., Hanft, K.-M., Akriditou, M.-A., Unger, N., Park, E. S., Stanley, E. R., Staszewski, O., Dimou, L., & Prinz, M. (2017) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1747-1 · Cited by 558 · see citing works

Transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of innate immune response genes and neuronal activity-dependent genes in autism

Gupta, S., Ellis, S. E., Ashar, F. N., Moes, A., Bader, J. S., Zhan, J., West, A. B., & Arking, D. E. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms6748 · Cited by 504 · see citing works

Transcriptional and Translational Differences of Microglia from Male and Female Brains

Guneykaya, D., Ivanov, A., Hernandez, D. P., Haage, V., Wojtas, B., Meyer, N., Maricos, M., Jordan, P., Buonfiglioli, A., Gielniewski, B., et al. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.001 · Cited by 477 · see citing works

Deficiency of the Microglial Receptor CX3CR1 Impairs Postnatal Functional Development of Thalamocortical Synapses in the Barrel Cortex

Hoshiko, M., Arnoux, I., Avignone, E., Yamamoto, N., & Audinat, E. (2012) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1167-12.2012 · Cited by 384 · see citing works

Generation of a microglial developmental index in mice and in humans reveals a sex difference in maturation and immune reactivity

Hanamsagar, R., Alter, M. D., Block, C. S., Sullivan, H., Bolton, J. L., & Bilbo, S. D. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23176 · Cited by 384 · see citing works

Postmortem evidence of cerebral inflammation in schizophrenia: a systematic review

Trépanier, M. O., Hopperton, K. E., Mizrahi, R., Mechawar, N., & Bazinet, R. P. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.90 · Cited by 360 · see citing works

Induction of PGE2 by estradiol mediates developmental masculinization of sex behavior

Amateau, S. K., & McCarthy, M. M. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1254 · Cited by 340 · see citing works

Clustering of depression and inflammation in adolescents previously exposed to childhood adversity

Miller, G. E., & Cole, S. W. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.034 · Cited by 331 · see citing works

Elevated peripheral cytokines characterize a subgroup of people with schizophrenia displaying poor verbal fluency and reduced Broca’s area volume

Fillman, S. G., Weickert, T. W., Lenroot, R. K., Catts, S. V., Bruggemann, J. M., Catts, V. S., & Weickert, C. S. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2015.90 · Cited by 270 · see citing works

Placental contribution to nutritional programming of health and diseases: epigenetics and sexual dimorphism

Tarrade, A., Panchenko, P., Junien, C., & Gabory, A. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.110320 · Cited by 251 · see citing works

Maternal immune activation by LPS selectively alters specific gene expression profiles of interneuron migration and oxidative stress in the fetus without triggering a fetal immune response

Oskvig, D. B., Elkahloun, A. G., Johnson, K. R., Phillips, T. M., & Herkenham, M. (2012) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.01.015 · Cited by 248 · see citing works

Down Syndrome Developmental Brain Transcriptome Reveals Defective Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelination

Olmos-Serrano, J. L., Kang, H. J., Tyler, W. A., Silbereis, J. C., Cheng, F., Zhu, Y., Pletikos, M., Jankovic-Rapan, L., Cramer, N. P., Galdzicki, Z., et al. (2016) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.01.042 · Cited by 239 · see citing works

The placenta and neurodevelopment: sex differences in prenatal vulnerability

Bale, T. L. (2016) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2016.18.4/tbale · Cited by 236 · see citing works

Maternal immune activation results in complex microglial transcriptome signature in the adult offspring that is reversed by minocycline treatment

Mattei, D., Ivanov, A., Ferrai, C., Jordan, P., Guneykaya, D., Buonfiglioli, A., Schaafsma, W., Przanowski, P., Deuther-Conrad, W., Brust, P., et al. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.80 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Microglial numbers attain adult levels after undergoing a rapid decrease in cell number in the third postnatal week

Nikodemova, M., Kimyon, R. S., De, I., Small, A. L., Collier, L. S., & Watters, J. J. (2015) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.11.018 · Cited by 192 · see citing works

Noninflammatory Changes of Microglia Are Sufficient to Cause Epilepsy

Zhao, X., Liao, Y., Morgan, S., Mathur, R., Feustel, P., Mazurkiewicz, J., Qian, J., Chang, J., Mathern, G. W., Adamo, M. A., et al. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.02.004 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

Convergence of Sex Differences and the Neuroimmune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder

McCarthy, M. M., & Wright, C. L. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.10.004 · Cited by 158 · see citing works

Sexual dimorphism of microglia and synapses during mouse postnatal development

Weinhard, L., Neniskyte, U., Vadisiute, A., di Bartolomei, G., Aygün, N., Riviere, L., Zonfrillo, F., Dymecki, S., & Gross, C. (2018) · Developmental Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/dneu.22568 · Cited by 107 · see citing works

Uncovering sex differences of rodent microglia

Han, J., Fan, Y., Zhou, K., Blomgren, K., & Harris, R. A. (2021) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-021-02124-z · Cited by 224 · see citing works

Microglia in multiple sclerosis: Friend or foe

Guerrero, B. L., & Sicotte, N. L. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00374 · Cited by 215 · see citing works

Aging and sex: Impact on microglia phagocytosis

Yanguas‐Casás, N., Crespo‐Castrillo, A., Arevalo, M., & Garcia‐Segura, L. M. (2020) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.13182 · Cited by 93 · see citing works

Sex Differences of Microglia and Synapses in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of Adult Mouse Offspring Exposed to Maternal Immune Activation

Hui, C. W., Vecchiarelli, H. A., Gervais, É., Luo, X., Michaud, F., Scheefhals, L., Bisht, K., Sharma, K., Topolnik, L., & Tremblay, M.-È. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.558181 · Cited by 64 · see citing works

Microglial functional alteration and increased diversity in the challenged brain: Insights into novel targets for intervention

Tremblay, M.-È. (2021) · Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100301 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Sex chromosomes and sex hormones differently shape microglial properties during normal physiological conditions in the adult mouse hippocampus

Bobotis, B. C., Khakpour, M., Braniff, O., de Andrade, E. G., Gargus, M., Allen, M., Carrier, M., Baillargeon, J., Rangachari, M., & Tremblay, M.-È. (2025) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-025-03341-6 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Bone marrow-derived myeloid cells transiently colonize the brain during postnatal development and interact with glutamatergic synapses

Carrier, M., Robert, M.-È., St-Pierre, M.-K., Ibáñez, F. G., Gonçalves de Andrade, E., Laroche, A., Picard, K., Vecchiarelli, H. A., Savage, J. C., Boilard, É., et al. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110037 · Cited by 5 · see citing works