Cited by 154Sleep and related disordersDigital Mental Health InterventionsMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 99 of the 100 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A randomized controlled trial of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in pregnant women

Open access

Kalmbach, David A., Cheng, Philip, O'Brien, Louise M., Swanson, Leslie M., Sangha, Roopina, Sen, Srijan, Guille, Constance, Cuamatzi-Castelan, Andrea, Henry, Alasdair L., Roth, Thomas, Drake, Christopher L.·2020·Sleep Medicine

DOI 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.016PMC PMC8210706

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objective Despite high rates of prenatal insomnia, efficacious treatment options for this population are quite limited. Early evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) support the efficacy of face-to-face cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) for prenatal insomnia. Yet, as many patients are unable to access this specialist-driven care, a critical need exists to increase its accessibility. This RCT examined the efficacy internet-based digital CBTI in pregnant women with insomnia.Methods Single-site RCT. A total of 91 pregnant women (29.03 ± 4.16 years) nearing/entering the third trimester who screened positive for clinical insomnia on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were randomized to digital CBTI or digital sleep education control. The ISI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale's Cognitive factor (PSAS-C) served as study outcomes, which were collected before treatment and after treatment during pregnancy, then six weeks after childbirth.Results From pre to posttreatment, CBTI patients reported reductions in ISI (-4.91 points, p < 0.001) and PSQI (-2.98 points, p < 0.001) and increases in nightly sleep duration by 32 min (p = 0.008). Sleep symptoms did not change during pregnancy in the control group. After childbirth, CBTI patients, relative to controls, slept longer by 40 min per night (p = 0.01) and reported better sleep maintenance. No pre or postnatal treatment effects on depression or cognitive arousal were observed.Conclusions Digital CBTI improves sleep quality and sleep duration during pregnancy and after childbirth. To better optimize outcomes, CBTI should be tailored to meet the changing needs of women as the progress through pregnancy and early parenting. NAME: Insomnia and Rumination in Late Pregnancy and the Risk for Postpartum Depression. URL: clinicaltrials.gov. Registration: NCT03596879.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.016

Cites

99 of 100 references verified1 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234
Detection of Postnatal Depression: Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
Cox, J. L., Holden, J. M., & Sagovsky, R. (1987) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.150.6.782 · Cited by 14,183
Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research
Bastien, C. (2001) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4 · Cited by 8,067
The Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric Indicators to Detect Insomnia Cases and Evaluate Treatment Response
Morin, C. M., Belleville, G., Bélanger, L., & Ivers, H. (2011) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/34.5.601 · Cited by 4,620
Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn
Ohayon, M. M. (2002) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1053/smrv.2002.0186 · Cited by 3,743 · cited 1×
“In the broader US adult population, individuals with insomnia often seek treatment via prescription and/or over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aids [19,20].”
Background
Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians
Qaseem, A., Kansagara, D., Forciea, M. A., Cooke, M., Denberg, T. D., & for the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians* (2016) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m15-2175 · Cited by 1,965
The role of sleep hygiene in promoting public health: a review of empirical evidence
Irish, L. A., Kline, C. E., Gunn, H. E., Buysse, D. J., & Hall, M. H. (2015) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.001 · Cited by 931
Sleep and emotions: a focus on insomnia
Baglioni, C., Spiegelhalder, K., Lombardo, C., & Riemann, D. (2010) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.10.007 · Cited by 873
Practice Parameters for the Psychological and Behavioral Treatment of Insomnia: An Update. An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Report
An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Report, Morgenthaler, T., Kramer, M., Alessi, C., Friedman, L., Boehlecke, B., Brown, T., Coleman, J., Kapur, V., Lee-Chiong, T., et al. (2006) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/29.11.1415 · Cited by 835
Insomnia with objective short sleep duration: The most biologically severe phenotype of the disorder
Vgontzas, A. N., Fernandez-Mendoza, J., Liao, D., & Bixler, E. O. (2013) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2012.09.005 · Cited by 776

Show all 99 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Hall, 1996, Stress-related intrusive thoughts disrupt sleep onset and continuity, Sleep Res, 25, 163

Sorted by citations

Comparative efficacy of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Hasan, F., Tu, Y.-K., Yang, C.-M., James Gordon, C., Wu, D., Lee, H.-C., Yuliana, L. T., Herawati, L., Chen, T.-J., & Chiu, H.-Y. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101567 · Cited by 137
We know CBT-I works, now what?
Muench, A., Vargas, I., Grandner, M. A., Ellis, J. G., Posner, D. A., Bastien, C., Drummond, S. P. A., & Perlis, M. L. (2022) · Faculty Reviews · doi:10.12703/r/11-4 · Cited by 105
Digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia on depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Lee, S., Oh, J. W., Park, K., Lee, E. M., & Lee, E. M. (2023) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-023-00800-3 · Cited by 104
The gap between statistical and clinical significance: time to pay attention to clinical relevance in patient-reported outcome measures of insomnia
Qin, Z., Zhu, Y., Shi, D., Chen, R., Li, S., & Wu, J. (2024) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-024-02297-0 · Cited by 85
Advances in the Treatment of Chronic Insomnia: A Narrative Review of New Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Therapies
Rosenberg, R. P., Citrome, L., & Drake, C. L. (2021) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s297504 · Cited by 86
Self-citation
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia prevents and alleviates suicidal ideation: Insomnia remission is a suicidolytic mechanism
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Ahmedani, B. K., Peterson, E. L., Reffi, A. N., Sagong, C., Seymour, G. M., Ruprich, M. K., & Drake, C. L. (2022) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac251 · Cited by 79
Self-citation
Perinatal Insomnia and Mental Health: a review of recent literature
Swanson, L. M., Kalmbach, D. A., Raglan, G. B., & O’Brien, L. M. (2020) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-020-01198-5 · Cited by 70
Self-citation
Effectiveness of digital psychotherapeutic intervention among perinatal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Lau, Y., Cheng, J.-Y., Wong, S.-H., Yen, K.-Y., & Cheng, L.-J. (2021) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v11.i4.133 · Cited by 68
Cost-effectiveness of digital cognitive behavioral therapy ( Sleepio ) for insomnia: a Markov simulation model in the United States
Darden, M., Espie, C. A., Carl, J. R., Henry, A. L., Kanady, J. C., Krystal, A. D., & Miller, C. B. (2020) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsaa223 · Cited by 71
Self-citation
The Safety of Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic Review and Recommendations
Taher, R., Hsu, C.-W., Hampshire, C., Fialho, C., Heaysman, C., Stahl, D., Shergill, S., & Yiend, J. (2023) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/47433 · Cited by 68
Cognitive factors and processes in models of insomnia: A systematic review
Tang, N. K. Y., Saconi, B., Jansson‐Fröjmark, M., Ong, J. C., & Carney, C. E. (2023) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13923 · Cited by 69
Improving perinatal sleep via a scalable cognitive behavioural intervention: findings from a randomised controlled trial from pregnancy to 2 years postpartum
Bei, B., Pinnington, D. M., Quin, N., Shen, L., Blumfield, M., Wiley, J. F., Drummond, S. P. A., Newman, L. K., & Manber, R. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721001860 · Cited by 64
Associations between insomnia and pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: Evidence from mendelian randomization and multivariable regression analyses
Yang, Q., Borges, M. C., Sanderson, E. C. M., Magnus, M. C., Kilpi, F., Collings, P. J., Soares, A. G., West, J., Magnus, P. M., Wright, J., et al. (2022) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004090 · Cited by 58
Mental health-related telemedicine interventions for pregnant women and new mothers: a systematic literature review
Stentzel, U., Grabe, H. J., Schmidt, S., Tomczyk, S., van den Berg, N., & Beyer, A. (2023) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-023-04790-0 · Cited by 52
“In n = 7 articles the ‘main intervention target was not in the field of mental health [35, 42, 44, 50, 53, 67, 68]).”
BackgroundInfluential
Common Sleep Disorders in Pregnancy
Facco, F., Chan, M. Q., & Patel, S. R. (2022) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000004866 · Cited by 54
eHealth interventions for treatment and prevention of depression, anxiety, and insomnia during pregnancy: systematic review and Meta-analysis
Silang, K. A., Sohal, P. R., Bright, K. S., Leason, J., Roos, L., Lebel, C., Giesbrecht, G. F., & Tomfohr-Madsen, L. M. (2022) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/31116 · Cited by 50
Systematic review and meta-analysis on fully automated digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia
Hwang, J., Lee, G. E., Woo, J. H., Kim, S. M., & Kwon, J. Y. (2025) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01514-4 · Cited by 52
Mother-to-Infant Bonding is Associated with Maternal Insomnia, Snoring, Cognitive Arousal, and Infant Sleep Problems and Colic
Kalmbach, D. A., O'Brien, L. M., Pitts, D., Sagong, C., Arnett, L., Harb, N. C., Cheng, P., & Drake, C. L. (2021) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2021.1926249 · Cited by 47
Self-citation
Insomnia evaluation and treatment during peripartum: a joint position paper from the European Insomnia Network task force “Sleep and Women,” the Italian Marcè Society and international experts task force for perinatal mental health
Palagini, L., Bramante, A., Baglioni, C., Tang, N., Grassi, L., Altena, E., Johann, A. F., Geoffroy, P. A., Biggio, G., Mencacci, C., et al. (2022) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-022-01226-8 · Cited by 42
Disseminating cognitive behavioural therapy ( CBT ) for insomnia at scale: capitalising on the potential of digital CBT to deliver clinical guideline care
Espie, C. A., & Henry, A. L. (2023) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.14025 · Cited by 44
Self-citation
Racial disparities in treatment engagement and outcomes in digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia among pregnant women
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Reffi, A. N., Seymour, G. M., Ruprich, M. K., Bazan, L. F., Pitts, D., Walch, O., & Drake, C. L. (2022) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2022.10.010 · Cited by 40
Self-citation
App-based interventions for the prevention of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Miura, Y., Ogawa, Y., Shibata, A., Kamijo, K., Joko, K., & Aoki, T. (2023) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-023-05749-5 · Cited by 39
Digital and AI-Enhanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: Neurocognitive Mechanisms and Clinical Outcomes
Gkintoni, E., Vassilopoulos, S. P., Nikolaou, G., & Boutsinas, B. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14072265 · Cited by 34
DSM-5 insomnia disorder in pregnancy: associations with depression, suicidal ideation, and cognitive and somatic arousal, and identifying clinical cutoffs for detection
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Roth, A., Roth, T. G., Swanson, L. M., O'Brien, L. M., Fresco, D. M., Harb, N. C., Cuamatzi-Castelan, A. S., Reffi, A. N., et al. (2022) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac006 · Cited by 33
Self-citation
The Different Faces of Insomnia
Fietze, I., Laharnar, N., Koellner, V., & Penzel, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.683943 · Cited by 31
Objective sleep disturbance is associated with poor response to cognitive and behavioral treatments for insomnia in postmenopausal women
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Roth, T. G., Sagong, C., & Drake, C. L. (2020) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.04.024 · Cited by 34
Self-citation
Examining Patient Feedback and the Role of Cognitive Arousal in Treatment Non-response to Digital Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Insomnia during Pregnancy
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Roth, T. G., Swanson, L. M., Cuamatzi-Castelan, A. S., Roth, A., & Drake, C. L. (2021) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2021.1895793 · Cited by 32
Self-citation
Addiction treatment in the postpartum period: an opportunity for evidence-based personalized medicine
Martin, C. E., & Parlier‐Ahmad, A. B. (2021) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2021.1898349 · Cited by 32
Sleep disorders in pregnancy
Wong, P. F., D'Cruz, R. F., & Hare, A. (2022) · Breathe · doi:10.1183/20734735.0004-2022 · Cited by 30
Effects of sleep hygiene education for insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ruan, J. Y., Liu, Q., Chung, K. F., Ho, K. Y., & Yeung, W. F. (2025) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2025.102109 · Cited by 31
Challenges With the Use of Digital Sham: Systematic Review and Recommendations
Bos, E., Preller, K. H., Kaur, G., Malhotra, P., Kharawala, S., & Motti, D. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/44764 · Cited by 29
Understanding the Online Social Support Dynamics for Postpartum Depression
Progga, F. T., Kumar, A. S., & Rubya, S. (2023) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581311 · Cited by 28
Treating postpartum insomnia: a three arm randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy and light dark therapy
Verma, S., Quin, N., Astbury, L., Wellecke, C., Wiley, J. F., Davey, M. J., Rajaratnam, S. M. W., & Bei, B. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722002616 · Cited by 26
Efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia or sleep disturbance in pregnant women: A systematic review ad meta‐analysis
Zheng, X., Zhu, Z., Chen, J., He, J., Zhu, Y., Zhang, L., & Qu, F. (2022) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13808 · Cited by 29
Mindfulness as an Adjunct or Alternative to CBT-I
Ong, J. C., & Kalmbach, D. A. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.09.002 · Cited by 23
Self-citation
Effect of digital cognitive behavioral therapy on psychological symptoms among perinatal women in high income-countries: A systematic review and meta-regression
Lau, Y., Yen, K. Y., Wong, S. H., Cheng, J. Y., & Cheng, L. J. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.11.012 · Cited by 21
The Efficacy of Digital Cognitive–Behavioral Interventions in Supporting the Psychological Adjustment and Sleep Quality of Pregnant Women with Sub-Clinical Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mancinelli, E., Bassi, G., Gabrielli, S., & Salcuni, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159549 · Cited by 21
The efficacy of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Lin, W., Li, N., Yang, L., & Zhang, Y. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.16137 · Cited by 24
Preventing postpartum insomnia: findings from a three-arm randomized-controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, a responsive bassinet, and sleep hygiene
Quin, N., Tikotzky, L., Astbury, L., Spina, M.-A., Fisher, J., Stafford, L., Wiley, J. F., & Bei, B. (2024) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsae106 · Cited by 23
Examining Experiences of Poor Sleep During Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study to Inform the Development of a Prenatal Sleep Intervention
Felder, J. N., Mirchandaney, R., Harrison, J. M., Manber, R., Cuneo, J., Krystal, A. D., Epel, E. S., & Hecht, F. M. (2022) · Global Advances in Health and Medicine · doi:10.1177/2164957x221087655 · Cited by 19
Randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for perinatal insomnia: postpartum outcomes
Manber, R., Bei, B., Suh, S. A., Simpson, N. S., Rangel, E., Sit, A., & Lyell, D. J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.10572 · Cited by 19
Review of the Assessment and Management of Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Weingarten, S. J., & Osborne, L. M. (2024) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20230023 · Cited by 17
Pregnant women’s use of a consumer-based meditation mobile app: A descriptive study
Green, J., Neher, T. L., Puzia, M., Laird, B., & Huberty, J. (2022) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076221089098 · Cited by 19
Discrimination is associated with poor sleep quality in pregnant Black American women
Cohen, M. F., Corwin, E. J., Johnson, D. A., Amore, A. D., Brown, A. L., Barbee, N. R., Brennan, P. A., & Dunlop, A. L. (2022) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2022.07.015 · Cited by 17
Adverse infant outcomes among women with sleep apnea or insomnia during pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study
Felder, J. N., Baer, R. J., Rand, L., Ryckman, K. K., Jelliffe‐Pawlowski, L. L., & Prather, A. A. (2022) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2022.09.012 · Cited by 18
Preventing recurrence of postpartum depression by regulating sleep
Sharma, V., Sharkey, K. M., Palagini, L., Mazmanian, D. S., & Thomson, M. (2023) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2023.2237194 · Cited by 17
Reducing cognitive arousal and sleep effort alleviates insomnia and depression in pregnant women with DSM-5 insomnia disorder treated with a mindfulness sleep program
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Reffi, A. N., Ong, J. C., Swanson, L. M., Espie, C. A., Seymour, G. M., Hirata, M., Walch, O., Pitts, D., et al. (2023) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad031 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
Insomnia and cognitive arousal are important potential targets to reduce perinatal depression risk
Dietch, J. R., & Manber, R. (2021) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab091 · Cited by 16
Sleeping for two: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in pregnant women
MacKinnon, A., Madsen, J. W., Dhillon, A. K., Keys, E., Giesbrecht, G. F., Williamson, T. S., Metcalfe, A., Campbell, T. S., Mrklas, K., & Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05498-w · Cited by 19
Insomnia during pregnancy and severe maternal morbidity in the united states: nationally representative data from 2006 to 2017
Kendle, A. M., Salemi, J. L., Jackson, C. L., Buysse, D. J., & Louis, J. M. (2022) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac175 · Cited by 18
Mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia alleviates insomnia, depression, and cognitive arousal in treatment-resistant insomnia: A single-arm telemedicine trial
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Ong, J. C., Reffi, A. N., Fresco, D. M., Fellman-Couture, C., Ruprich, M. K., Sultan, Z., Sagong, C., & Drake, C. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Sleep · doi:10.3389/frsle.2023.1072752 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Perinatal Understanding of Mindful Awareness for Sleep (PUMAS): A single-arm proof-of-concept clinical trial of a mindfulness-based intervention for DSM-5 insomnia disorder during pregnancy
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Reffi, A. N., Ong, J. C., Swanson, L. M., Fresco, D. M., Walch, O., Seymour, G. M., Fellman-Couture, C., Bayoneto, A., et al. (2023) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2023.05.026 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Sleeping for two: A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT I) delivered in pregnancy and secondary impacts on symptoms of postpartum depression
Silang, K., MacKinnon, A., Madsen, J., Giesbrecht, G. F., Campbell, T. S., Keys, E., Freeman, M., Dewsnap, K., Jung, J. W., & Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.117 · Cited by 15
Estimating the cumulative risk of postnatal depressive symptoms: the role of insomnia symptoms across pregnancy
Pietikäinen, J. T., Härkänen, T., Polo‐Kantola, P., Karlsson, H., Paunio, T., Karlsson, L., & Paavonen, E. J. (2021) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-021-02101-0 · Cited by 15
Endorsement of a single-item measure of sleep disturbance during pregnancy and risk for postpartum depression: a retrospective cohort study
Felder, J. N., Roubinov, D. S., Zhang, L., Gray, M., & Beck, A. L. (2023) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-022-01287-9 · Cited by 14
A qualitative examination of the usability of a digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia program after stroke
Smejka, T., Henry, A., Wheatley, C., Espie, C., Johansen-Berg, H., & Fleming, M. (2022) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2022.2034182 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Preventing postpartum insomnia by targeting maternal versus infant sleep: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial (the Study for Mother-Infant Sleep “SMILE”)
Quin, N., Tikotzky, L., Stafford, L., Fisher, J., & Bei, B. (2022) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab020 · Cited by 13
Effect of technology-supported mindfulness-based interventions for maternal depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis with implementation perspectives for resource-limited settings
Worku, B. T., Abdulahi, M., Amenu, D., & Bonnechère, B. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07286-9 · Cited by 17
Effect of cognitive–behavioral training on fear of childbirth and sleep quality of pregnant adolescent slum dwellers
Khojasteh, F., Afrashte, M., Khayat, S., & Navidian, A. (2022) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_133_22 · Cited by 12
Effects of Perinatal Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Delivery Mode, Fetal Outcome, and Postpartum Depression and Anxiety in Women
Guo, X., Guo, X., Wang, R., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2022/8304405 · Cited by 11
A comprehensive insight on cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shang, X., Ye, L., Wang, M. P., Lam, T. H., & Lai, A. Y. K. (2023) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2023.11.002 · Cited by 12
Technology-based cognitive behavioral therapy interventions
Newby, J. M., Upton, E., Mason, E., & Black, M. (2024) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2024.02.004 · Cited by 11
Sleep to Reduce Incident Depression Effectively (STRIDE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing stepped-care cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia versus sleep education control to prevent major depression
Drake, C. L., Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Ahmedani, B. K., Peterson, E. L., Joseph, C. L. M., Roth, T. G., Kidwell, K., & Sagong, C. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06850-4 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Preliminary evidence of psychological improvements and increased maternal–fetal attachment associated with a mindfulness sleep programme: secondary analysis of uncontrolled data in 11 pregnant women with insomnia disorder
Kalmbach, D. A., Reffi, A. N., Ong, J. C., Cheng, P., Walch, O., Pitts, D., Seymour, G. M., Hirata, M., Roth, A., Roth, T. G., et al. (2023) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.14040 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Promoting sleep health during pregnancy for enhancing women’s health: a longitudinal randomized controlled trial combining biological, physiological and psychological measures, Maternal Outcome after THERapy for Sleep (MOTHERS)
Meneo, D., Baldi, E., Cerolini, S., Curati, S., Bastianini, S., Berteotti, C., Simonazzi, G., Manconi, M., Zoccoli, G., Bartolo, P. D., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01827-1 · Cited by 14
Effectiveness and Mechanisms of a Digital Mindfulness–Based Intervention for Subthreshold to Clinical Insomnia Symptoms in Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial
Wang, J., Yang, Q., Cui, N., Wu, L., Zhang, X., Sun, Y., Huang, Y., & Cao, F. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/68084 · Cited by 9
Feasibility and Acceptability of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction and Prenatal Sleep Classes for Poor Prenatal Sleep Quality: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Felder, J. N., Mirchandaney, R., Manber, R., Cuneo, J., Krystal, A. D., Solomon, N., Janette, S., Zhang, L., Moran, P. J., Mashash, M., et al. (2024) · Behavioral Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1080/15402002.2024.2359415 · Cited by 8
The emerging role of prenatal insomnia therapy in the prevention of perinatal depression and anxiety
Kalmbach, D. A. (2022) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac029 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
The efficacy of antenatal Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for antenatal and postnatal depression: A PRISMA based systematic review and meta-analysis
Dooley, R. L., & McAloon, J. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.02.008 · Cited by 10
Exploring digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia in an early intervention in psychosis service – A study protocol for an initial feasibility study with process evaluation
Beattie, L., Robb, F. M., Spanswick, M., Henry, A. L., Waxmonsky, J. A., & Gumley, A. I. (2023) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.13388 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Smartphone-based intervention for postpartum depressive symptoms (Smart-e-Moms): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Daehn, D., Meyer, C., Loew, V., Wabiszczewicz, J., Pohl, S., Böttche, M., Pawils, S., & Renneberg, B. (2024) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-024-08304-5 · Cited by 9
Sleeping for Two: a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in pregnancy
MacKinnon, A., Silang, K., Watts, D., Kaur, J., Freeman, M., Dewsnap, K., Keys, E., Madsen, J. W., Giesbrecht, G. F., Williamson, T. S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.11396 · Cited by 6
Pregnancy-related COVID worry, depressive symptom severity, and mediation through sleep disturbance in a low-income, primarily Latinx population in California's Central valley
Felder, J. N., Afulani, P. A., Coleman‐Phox, K., Omowale, S. S., McCulloch, C. E., Lessard, L. N., & Kuppermann, M. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.019 · Cited by 6
Music and Sleep Hygiene Interventions for Pregnancy‐Related Insomnia: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial
Høgholt, N. F., Krænge, C. E., Vuust, P., Kringelbach, M. L., & Jespersen, K. V. (2024) · Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health · doi:10.1111/jmwh.13699 · Cited by 9
The Effectiveness of Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Treat Insomnia Disorder in US Adults: Nationwide Decentralized Randomized Controlled Trial
Prather, A. A., Krystal, A. D., Emsley, R., Carl, J. R., Ball, T. M., Tarnai, K., Aguilera, A., Espie, C. A., & Henry, A. L. (2025) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/84323 · Cited by 8
Self-citation
The impact of antenatal telehealth services on maternal and neonatal outcomes, a comparison of results before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis (The impact of telehealth services on maternal and neonatal outcomes)
Kurnaz, D., Şenoğlu, A., & Karaçam, Z. (2024) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2024.104017 · Cited by 10
Effect of prenatal online interventions on postpartum depressive symptoms and well-being: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Savoia, A., Scaini, S., Rossi, F., Calcinati, M., & Oppo, A. (2025) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-025-01575-0 · Cited by 8
Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in the perinatal period: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Feng, S., Dai, B., Li, H., Fu, H., & Zhou, Y. (2023) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1007/s41105-023-00502-z · Cited by 7
Industry sponsorship bias in randomized controlled trials of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a meta-research study based on the 2023 Brazilian guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in adults
Kakazu, V. A., Assis, M., Bacelar, A., Bezerra, A. G., Ciutti, G. L. R., Conway, S. G., Galduróz, J. C. F., Drager, L. F., Khoury, M. P., Leite, I. P. A., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1600767 · Cited by 5
Development of a hybrid sleep and physical activity improvement intervention for adults with osteoarthritis-related pain and sleep disturbance: a focus group study with potential users
Whibley, D., Stelfox, K., Henry, A. L., Tang, N. K. Y., & Kratz, A. L. (2021) · British Journal of Pain · doi:10.1177/20494637211026049 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
Effects of Tai Chi on insomnia in elderly people with chronic non-specific low back pain: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Zhang, F., Zhang, B., Wang, X., Huang, C., & Hu, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1105359 · Cited by 5
A randomized controlled trial of telemedicine CBTI and PUMAS for prenatal insomnia: Reducing nocturnal cognitive arousal is a treatment mechanism for alleviating insomnia and depression during pregnancy
Kalmbach, D. A., Ong, J. C., Cheng, P., Reffi, A. N., Swanson, L. M., Hirata, M., Seymour, G. M., Castelan-Cuamatzi, A. S., Jennings, M. B., Pitts, D., et al. (2025) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106570 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
Efficacy of Remote Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia in Improving Health Status of Patients with Insomnia Symptoms: A Meta-analysis
Xu, D., Li, Z., Leitner, U., & Sun, J. (2024) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-023-10458-6 · Cited by 5
The Efficacy of Psycho‐Educational Interventions to Optimize Women's Sleep in Pregnancy: An Integrative Review
Visvanathan, V., Pollock, W., Zisin, Y., & Willey, S. (2025) · Birth · doi:10.1111/birt.12902 · Cited by 5
CBT-I in pregnancy
MacKinnon, A., Sedov, I. D., & Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-822872-2.00013-x · Cited by 4
Healthy sleep may bolster resilience to depression and posttraumatic stress disorder in new paramedics
Reffi, A. N., & Cheng, P. (2023) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsad064 · Cited by 4
Self-citation
Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, and Circadian Misalignment as a “Three-arm” Contributor to Anxiety and Depression During Pregnancy
Cruz, M. G. M. E., & Sweetman, A. (2021) · Sleep and Vigilance · doi:10.1007/s41782-021-00163-3 · Cited by 4
Who gets included? Equity in digital and decentralised mental health and neurodevelopmental trials: A systematic review
Hall, S. S., Hall, C., Partlett, C., Jeayes, A., Rattu, N. R., Henshaw, H., Martin, J., & Shoesmith, E. (2026) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0001466 · Cited by 3
Visualization Analysis of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Insomnia: A Scoping Literature Review Based on an International Database
Wang, S., Yang, G.-H., Chi, H., Li, A., Sun, X.-C., Cao, D.-N., Li, N., Chen, L., Zhu, J.-Y., Yue, J., et al. (2024) · Medical Acupuncture · doi:10.1089/acu.2023.0128 · Cited by 3
Effectiveness of nonpharmacological sleep interventions in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chen, P., Wang, Y., Yuan, J., Bourjeily, G., Park, C., Zhu, B.-Q., & Izci-Balserak, B. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM) · doi:10.5664/jcsm.11696 · Cited by 3
Multimodal, Technology-Assisted Intervention for the Management of Menopause after Cancer Improves Cancer-Related Quality of Life—Results from the Menopause after Cancer (Mac) Study
Donohoe, F., O’Meara, Y., Roberts, A., Comerford, L., Valcheva, I., Kearns, U., Galligan, M. C., Higgins, M. J., Henry, A. L., Kelly, C. M., et al. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16061127 · Cited by 3
Self-citation
A Systematic Review on the Clinical Efficacy of Digital Therapeutics for Sleep Disorders: Subgroup Analysis by Control Groups
Jeon, H., Kang, E., & Yoo, S. (2023) · Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy · doi:10.24304/kjcp.2023.33.4.221 · Cited by 2
Evaluating causal associations of chronotype with pregnancy and perinatal outcomes and its interactions with insomnia and sleep duration: a mendelian randomization study
Yang, Q., Magnus, M. C., Kilpi, F., Santorelli, G., Soares, A. G., West, J., Magnus, P. M., Håberg, S. E., Tilling, K. M., Lawlor, D. A., et al. (2024) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-024-07023-8 · Cited by 3
Adverse Maternal and Fetal Outcomes Associated with Insomnia During Pregnancy: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Liu, D., Guo, S., Tan, C., Zhang, K., Feng, Y., Bi, X., Jiang, J., Yang, W., & Wang, Y. (2025) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-025-01849-z · Cited by 2
Validating the Efficacy of a Mobile Digital Therapeutic for Insomnia (WELT-I): Randomized Controlled Decentralized Clinical Trial
Park, K., Lee, S., Lee, Y., Moon, D. U., & Lee, E. M. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/70722 · Cited by 3
Insomnia Across the Life Span
Rose, M. W., Nowakowski, S., & Medalie, L. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-30010-3_9 · Cited by 2
COMBINATION OF PRENATAL GENTLE YOGA EXERCISES AND LAVENDER AROMATERAPY INHALATION TO IMPROVING SLEEP QUALITY IN TRIMESTER III PREGNANT WOMEN
Rhomadona, S. W., & Primihastuti, D. (2021) · Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.25077/jom.5.1.42-49.2020 · Cited by 2
Digital Therapies for Insomnia
Jackson, M. L., Meaklim, H., & Mason, E. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10698-9_6 · Cited by 2
A two-night polysomnography preliminary study in pregnant women with insomnia: suicidal ideation and nocturnal cognitive arousal prospectively predict objective nocturnal wakefulness
Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., Roth, T. G., Fellman-Couture, C., Sagong, C., & Drake, C. L. (2023) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad016 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Exploring Serious Games in Supporting Postnatal Depression: Narrative Review
Wang, W., Penney, E. S., Gay, V. C., & Garcia, J. (2025) · Interactive Journal of Medical Research · doi:10.2196/70777 · Cited by 1

Authors: Kalmbach, D. A., Cheng, P., O'Brien, L. M., Swanson, L. M., Sangha, R., Sen, S., Guille, C., Cuamatzi-Castelan, A., Henry, A. L., Roth, T., & Drake, C. L.
Affiliations: Henry Ford Health (US)
University of Michigan (US)
Medical University of South Carolina (US)
University of Oxford (GB)
Corresponding author: Kalmbach, David A.
ORCID: Kalmbach, David A.
Cheng, Philip
O'Brien, Louise M.
Swanson, Leslie M.
Sangha, Roopina
Sen, Srijan
Guille, Constance
Cuamatzi-Castelan, Andrea
Henry, Alasdair L.
Roth, Thomas
Drake, Christopher L.
Venue: Sleep Medicine
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-08
Volume: 72
Pages: 82-92
ISSN: 1389-9457 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.016
PMC: PMC8210706
OpenAlex: W3012822780
Cited by: 154
References: 99
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 3
FWCI: 21.28
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
American Academy of Sleep Medicine
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords: cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, online intervention, pregnant women, sleep quality, sleep duration, postpartum sleep, postpartum depression, sleep maintenance, cognitive arousal, rumination, sleep education
MeSH terms: Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Pregnancy, Sleep, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Pregnant People, Pregnant Women

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A randomized controlled trial of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia in pregnant women

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks