Cited by 174Cell death mechanisms and regulationMitochondrial Function and PathologyCardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion

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BAX unleashed: the biochemical transformation of an inactive cytosolic monomer into a toxic mitochondrial pore

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Walensky, Loren D., Gavathiotis, Evripidis·2011·Trends in Biochemical Sciences

DOI 10.1016/j.tibs.2011.08.009PMC PMC3454508

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Abstract

BAX, the BCL-2-associated X protein, is a cardinal proapoptotic member of the BCL-2 family, which regulates the critical balance between cellular life and death. Because so many medical conditions can be categorized as diseases of either too many or too few cells, dissecting the biochemistry of BCL-2 family proteins and developing pharmacological strategies to target them have become high priority scientific objectives. Here, we focus on BAX, a latent, cytosolic and monomeric protein that transforms into a lethal mitochondrial oligomer in response to cellular stress. New insights into the structural location of BAX's 'on switch', and the multi-step conformational changes that ensue upon BAX activation, are providing fresh opportunities to modulate BAX for potential benefit in human diseases characterized by pathologic cell survival or unwanted cellular demise.

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See all 174

Authors: Walensky, L. D., & Gavathiotis, E.
Affiliations: Boston Children's Hospital (US)
Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Walensky, Loren D.
Gavathiotis, Evripidis
ORCID: Walensky, Loren D.
Gavathiotis, Evripidis
Venue: Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-12
Volume: 36
Issue: 12
Pages: 642-652
ISSN: 0968-0004 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2011.08.009
PMC: PMC3454508
OpenAlex: W1986722992
Cited by: 173
References: 119
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 1.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Trends in Biochemical Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R00HL095929, K99HL095929)
National Cancer Institute (R01CA050239, 5R01CA50239)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
Keywords: Bax, Bcl-2 family proteins, apoptosis, Bax oligomerization, conformational change, Bax activation, cell death regulation
MeSH terms: Animals, Cytosol, Humans, Mitochondria, Models, Molecular, Apoptosis, bcl-2-Associated X Protein

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BAX unleashed: the biochemical transformation of an inactive cytosolic monomer into a toxic mitochondrial pore

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