A taxonomy of reasoning flaws in the anti-vaccine movement
Abstract
In a scholarly analysis of widely held misconceptions, Gilovich provides a classification scheme of common flaws in reasoning seen in contemporary society. He broadly categorizes these flaws as having cognitive determinants or in having motivational and social determinants. In this survey, the authors examine the various claims against routine childhood and adult vaccines as made by the more public and more organized entities of the anti-vaccine movement as well as those made apparent by surveys of parents and other groups of individuals. The claims illustrate the breadth of reasoning flaws while providing a basis for anticipating and correcting them.
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Anti-vaccination activists ignore overwhelming statistical evidence while focusing on anecdotes or information that has been shown to be false.
“anti-vaccination activists ignore overwhelming statistical evidence while focusing on anecdotes or information that has been shown to be false [49]”
From The Role of Conspiracist Ideation and Worldviews in Predicting Rejection of Science (2013) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Jacobson, R. M., Targonski, P. V., & Poland, G. A.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jacobson, Robert M.
- Venue
- Vaccine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 3146-3152
- ISSN
- 0264-410X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2114122284
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Vaccine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Mayo Clinic
- National Institutes of Health (n01ai40065-5-0-0)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI40065, AI48793, R01AI033144, AI-33144)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR000585)
- NIH Clinical Center
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Risk Perception and Management
- Keywords
- anti-vaccine movement, cognitive biases, vaccine hesitancy, childhood vaccines, adult vaccines
- MeSH terms
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Parents, Public Health, Public Policy, Socioeconomic Factors, Vaccines, Treatment Refusal, Immunization Programs, Health Care Surveys, Refusal to Participate
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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