Cited by 913Mental Health and Patient InvolvementPsychiatric care and mental health servicesFamily Caregiving in Mental Illness

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Peer support among persons with severe mental illnesses: a review of evidence and experience

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DAVIDSON, LARRY, BELLAMY, CHYRELL, GUY, KIMBERLY, MILLER, REBECCA·2012·World Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/j.wpsyc.2012.05.009PMC PMC3363389

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Abstract

Peer support is largely considered to represent a recent advance in community mental health, introduced in the 1990s as part of the mental health service user movement. Actually, peer support has its roots in the moral treatment era inaugurated by Pussin and Pinel in France at the end of the 18th century, and has re-emerged at different times throughout the history of psychiatry. In its more recent form, peer support is rapidly expanding in a number of countries and, as a result, has become the focus of considerable research. Thus far, there is evidence that peer staff providing conventional mental health services can be effective in engaging people into care, reducing the use of emergency rooms and hospitals, and reducing substance use among persons with co-occurring substance use disorders. When providing peer support that involves positive self-disclosure, role modeling, and conditional regard, peer staff have also been found to increase participants' sense of hope, control, and ability to effect changes in their lives; increase their self-care, sense of community belonging, and satisfaction with various life domains; and decrease participants' level of depression and psychosis.

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Additional file 6 of Impact of receiving recorded mental health recovery narratives on quality of life in people experiencing psychosis, people experiencing other mental health problems and for informal carers: Narrative Experiences Online (NEON) study protocol for three randomised controlled trials
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Additional file 3 of Perspectives of key informants before and after implementing UPSIDES peer support in mental health services: qualitative findings from an international multi-site study
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“I finally found a place where I could have some safety”: A mixed-methods evaluation of non-clinical safe spaces for emotional distress and/or suicidal crisis
Fitzpatrick, S. J., Rose, G., Lamb, H., Chakouch, C., Morse, A. R., Gulliver, A., Oni, H. T., Calear, A. L., & Banfield, M. (2026) · PLOS mental health. · doi:10.1371/journal.pmen.0000572
“Spaces that offer refuge, respite, and the opportunity to be with people who have encountered similar experiences without an underlying agenda of treatment have the potential to play an increasingly important and cost-effective role in assisting people in crisis [26–28].”
Palliative psychiatry through the eyes of psychiatric nurses in a country where palliative psychiatry has not yet emerged: A qualitative study
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“Clinical recovery aims for symptoms reduction, absence of relapse, and improved psychosocial functioning, while personal recovery aims for personal growth, independence, and a meaningful life (Davidson and Guy 2012; Jaeger and Hoff 2012; Drake and Whitley 2014).”
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“…associated with increased resilience, empowerment and quality of life in various populations including mental healthcare (Shalaby and Agyapong 2020; Davidson and Guy 2012), patients with chronic illnesses (Thompson et al. 2022) and parents of children in the neonatal intensive care unit or with…”
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Zhao, W., Liu, J., Xue, R., Wang, X., Yang, H., Zhu, L., Li, Z., Xie, X., Liu, Z., & Liang, Y. (2026) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2026.04.005
Droit international et santé mentale
Baudel, M. (2021) · doi:10.70675/dee5c81cz8c67z4b10zb299z75ca8fca9361
Accueillir la crise psychique. Expérimentation et expérience du rétablissement
Bechla, I. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f08ef38bzc911z4fd1z8cfbze4d55f4ef7e4
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Rose, G., & Orr, M. (2026) · Mental Health and Social Inclusion · doi:10.1108/mhsi-01-2026-0024
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Na, E., Park, K., Lee, E., Jeong, Y. C., Lee, H. K., Kim, Y. J., Kim, J.-S., & Suh, E. (2026) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2026.105280
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O’Connor, S. S., Jaycox, L. H., Kurikeshu, R., Weintraub, B., Sherrill, J., & Pearson, J. C. (2026) · Crisis · doi:10.1027/0227-5910/a001045
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Gómez-Morales, F., & Eiroá‐Orosa, F. J. (2026) · The Journal of Mental Health Training Education and Practice · doi:10.1108/jmhtep-06-2025-0063
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Simon, G., Tadmor, N., Evans, J., Luke, D., & Luoma, J. B. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9695196/v1
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“Grounded in experiential learning, these approaches offer a deeply human perspective that fosters holistic, empathetic healing and recovery (Byrne & Roennfeldt, 2025; Davidson et al., 2012).”
Self-citation
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Stetsenko, A., Kilby, K., Shukla, S., Nagra, H., & Dana, Z. (2026) · Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/jmms13040023
“For peer workers. Led by peer workers” : a Community of Practice for Lived Experience peer workers in Suicide Prevention
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“Mental health peer support is a growing yet often unacknowledged approach to mental health care (Davidson et al., 2012; Shalaby & Agyapong, 2020).”
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Mamac, N. S. (2024) · doi:10.63201/uysp6302
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Doehring, M. C., Welch, J. L., Crevier, K. N., Heniff, M. S., Haut, L., Crittendon, M. R., & Strachan, C. C. (2026) · MedEdPublish · doi:10.12688/mep.21582.1
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“However, this form of labor has historical roots in psychiatry's moral treatment movement of 18th-century France and has since re-emerged periodically in various modified forms (Davidson et al. 2012).”
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Morton, E., Kcomt, A., & Michalak, E. E. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.122126
Barriers to successful reentry: How mental health shapes the path forward
Crank, B. R., & Link, T. (2026) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2026.102251
Peer support to address mental health, social determinants of health, financial wellness, and reentry navigation
Bellamy, C. D., Flanagan, E. H., Hoffler, S., Acevedo, S., Ocasio, G., Brisola, E. B. V., Barone, K., Kitaneh, R., Blackman, K. D., Williamson, B., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Health Services · doi:10.3389/frhs.2026.1788228
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Kotera, Y., Newby, C., Charles, A., Ingall, B.-R., Uneno, Y., Ng, F., Sutton, A. J., Gray, L. J., Smith, E., Watson, E., et al. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.08.06.26359669
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Building Resilient Support Systems for Youth in Higher Education
Duraku, Z. H., & Konjufca, J. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70134-9_167-1
Psychiatric Rehabilitation
Solomon, P., Gao, N., & Eissenstat, S. J. (2009) · doi:10.1093/obo/9780195389678-0109v1
Development of a peer support program for persons with mental health conditions in India: a formative qualitative study with expert validation of program components
Kundurthi, V., Krishnareddy, S. R., Jagannathan, A., Nirmala, B. P., Ponnuchamy, L., Bijjal, S. S., & Annapally, S. R. (2026) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-026-03210-4

Authors: DAVIDSON, L., BELLAMY, C., GUY, K., & MILLER, R.
Affiliations: Yale University (US)
ORCID: DAVIDSON, LARRY
BELLAMY, CHYRELL
MILLER, REBECCA
Venue: World Psychiatry
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2012-06
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Pages: 123-128
ISSN: 1723-8617 (ISSN-L)
2051-5545
DOI: 10.1016/j.wpsyc.2012.05.009
PMC: PMC3363389
OpenAlex: W2100229021
Cited by: 913
References: 44
Citations by year: 2026: 61 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 97 · 2021: 137 · 2020: 80 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 51 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 11
FWCI: 37.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 284 d)
Locations: World Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
Keywords: peer support, severe mental illness, moral treatment, community mental health, engagement in care, emergency department utilization, hospitalization, co-occurring substance use disorders, self-disclosure, role modeling, hope, self-care, community belonging, depression, psychosis

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Peer support among persons with severe mental illnesses: a review of evidence and experience

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