The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A comparison of two spider fear questionnaires
Abstract
The present studies compared the psychometric properties of two self-report measures of spider fear: Fear of Spiders Questionnaire (FSQ) and Spider Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ). In the first study, adequate test-retest stability and internal consistency was found for both FSQ and SPQ. In the second study, both instruments were able to differentiate between phobic and non-phobic subjects. Furthermore, FSQ as well as SPQ were sensitive to therapeutic change and correlated in a meaningful way with other subjective and behavioral indices of spider fear. Data suggest that the FSQ is superior to the SPQ in measuring fear in the non-phobic range. Also, the FSQ taps a somewhat different aspect of subjective spider fear (i.e., fear of harm) and, consequently, may provide additional information.
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In the citing paper
“Seven RCTs identified phobic participants with a validated fear questionnaire (Muris & Merckelbach, 1996; Szymanski & O’Donoghue, 1995) and by assessing their approach behavior towards the tarantula (N=344; Siegel, Anderson & Han, 2011; Siegel, Cohen & Warren, 2022; Siegel & Gallagher, 2015; Siegel, Warren, Jacobson & Merritt, 2018; Siegel & Weinberger, 2009, 2012; Weinberger, unpublishedf).”
From Advancing the treatment of anxiety disorders in transition‐age youth: a review of the therapeutic effects of unconscious exposure. (2025) · cites this paper as Muris & Merckelbach, 1996
In the citing paper
“The FSQ has excellent psychometric properties.”
From In Vivo versus augmented reality exposure in the treatment of small animal phobia: A randomized controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“in both conditions, scores obtained on both the FSQ and SBQ in the last follow-up (6-month) were similar to those reported by Muris and Merckelbach [56] in a normal population and by Arntz et al. [58] in a clinical population after treatment.”
From In Vivo versus augmented reality exposure in the treatment of small animal phobia: A randomized controlled trial (2016) · cites this paper as Muris and Merckelbach [56]
Citations
Cites
Psychometric description of some specific-fear questionnaires
Klorman, R., Weerts, T. C., Hastings, J. E., Melamed, B. G., & Lang, P. J. (1974) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(74)80008-0 · Cited by 763
The epidemiology of common fears and phobia
Agras, W. S., Sylvester, D., & Oliveau, D. C. (1969) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0010-440x(69)90022-4 · Cited by 700
One-session treatment for specific phobias
Öst, L.-G. (1989) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(89)90113-7 · Cited by 498
Fear of spiders’ questionnaire
Szymanski, J., & O'Donohue, W. (1995) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)00072-t · Cited by 450
Relevant and irrelevant fear in flooding—A crossover study of phobic patients
Watson, J. P., & Marks, I. M. (1971) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(71)80062-x · Cited by 302
Davey, G. C. L. (1994) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1994.tb02540.x · Cited by 248
One-session therapist-directed exposure vs. self-exposure in the treatment of spider phobia
Öst, L.-G., Salkovskis, P. M., & Hellström, K. (1991) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(05)80374-0 · Cited by 220
Arntz, A., Lavy, E., van den Berg, G., & van Rijsoort, S. (1993) · Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0146-6402(93)90012-q · Cited by 192
Reliability and validity of some specific fear questionnaires
FREDRIKSON, M. (1983) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1983.tb00507.x · Cited by 123
Fear questionnaires for simple phobias: Psychometric evaluations for a Norwegian sample
Johnsen, B. H., & Hugdahl, K. (1990) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1990.tb00800.x · Cited by 26
Animal fears in the Antipodes: normative data from an Australian sample
Packer, J. S., Bond, N. W., & Siddle, D. A. T. (1987) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1987.tb00749.x · Cited by 11
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Virtual reality in the treatment of spider phobia: a controlled study
Garcia-Palacios, A., Hoffman, H., Carlin, A., Furness, T. A., & Botella, C. (2002) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00068-7 · Cited by 490
Neural activity associated with monitoring the oscillating threat value of a tarantula
Mobbs, D., Yu, R., Rowe, J. B., Eich, H., FeldmanHall, O., & Dalgleish, T. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1009076107 · Cited by 332
Rozental, A., Kottorp, A., Forsström, D., Månsson, K., Boettcher, J., Andersson, G., Furmark, T., & Carlbring, P. (2019) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465819000018 · Cited by 230
“Each clinical trial included in the current study distributed a primary outcome measure selected by relevance, for instance the Spider Phobia Questionnaire (Muris and Merckelbach, 1996).”
MethodFriese, M., Hofmann, W., & Schmitt, M. (2008) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/10463280802556958 · Cited by 270
Automatic processing in spider phobia: Implicit fear associations over the course of treatment.
Teachman, B. A., & Woody, S. R. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.100 · Cited by 258
Metadata
- Authors
- Muris, P., & Merckelbach, H.
- Corresponding author
- Muris, Peter
- Venue
- Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-09
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 241-244
- ISSN
- 0005-7916 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2148925481
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 1.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- spider phobia, phobia assessment, self-report measures, psychometric properties, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, treatment response, fear of harm
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Desensitization, Psychologic, Fear, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Phobic Disorders, Psychometrics, Spiders, Reproducibility of Results, Treatment Outcome
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