Cited by 521Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologySchizophrenia research and treatment

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Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy: managing the chaos of bipolar disorder

Frank, Ellen, Swartz, Holly A, Kupfer, David J·2000·Biological Psychiatry

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Abstract

Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy is an individual psychotherapy designed specifically for the treatment for bipolar disorder. Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy grew from a chronobiological model of bipolar disorder postulating that individuals with bipolar disorder have a genetic predisposition to circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle abnormalities that may be responsible, in part, for the symptomatic manifestations of the illness. In our model, life events (both negative and positive) may cause disruptions in patients' social rhythms that, in turn, perturb circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles and lead to the development of bipolar symptoms. Administered in concert with medications, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy combines the basic principles of interpersonal psychotherapy with behavioral techniques to help patients regularize their daily routines, diminish interpersonal problems, and adhere to medication regimens. It modulates both biological and psychosocial factors to mitigate patients' circadian and sleep-wake cycle vulnerabilities, improve overall functioning, and better manage the potential chaos of bipolar disorder symptomatology.

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Authors: Frank, E., Swartz, H. A., & Kupfer, D. J.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author: Frank, Ellen
ORCID: Frank, Ellen
Swartz, Holly A
Kupfer, David J
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2000-09
Volume: 48
Issue: 6
Pages: 593-604
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00969-0
OpenAlex: W2163455012
Cited by: 521
References: 47
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 2.78
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH60473, MH 29618, R25MH060473, MH30915)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords: interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, bipolar disorder, circadian rhythm, sleep-wake cycle, social rhythms, chronobiology, interpersonal psychotherapy, life events, medication adherence, psychosocial interventions
MeSH terms: Affect, Behavior Therapy, Bipolar Disorder, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Life Change Events, Models, Psychological, Psychotherapy, Tranquilizing Agents, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm

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Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy: managing the chaos of bipolar disorder

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