The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Brain activation during script-driven imagery induced dissociative responses in PTSD: a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation
Abstract
Background The goal of this study was to examine the neuronal circuitry underlying dissociative responses to traumatic script-driven imagery in sexual-abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Pilot studies in our laboratory have shown that PTSD patients had very different responses to traumatic script-driven imagery. Approximately 70% of patients relived their traumatic experience and showed an increase in heart rate while recalling the traumatic memory. The other 30% of patients had a dissociative response with no concomitant increase in heart rate. This article focuses on the latter group.Methods The neuronal circuitry underlying dissociative responses in PTSD was studied using the traumatic script-driven symptom provocation paradigm adapted to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at a 4 Tesla field strength in 7 subjects with sexual-abuse-related PTSD and 10 control subjects.Results Compared with control subjects, PTSD patients in a dissociative state showed more activation in the superior and middle temporal gyri (BA 38), the inferior frontal gyrus (BA 47), the occipital lobe (BA 19), the parietal lobe (BA 7), the medial frontal gyrus (BA 10), the medial cortex (BA 9), and the anterior cingulate gyrus (BA 24 and 32).Conclusions These findings suggest that prefrontal and limbic structures underlie dissociative responses in PTSD. Differences observed clinically, psychophysiologically, and neurobiologically between patients who respond to traumatic script-driven imagery with dissociative versus nondissociative responses may suggest different neuronal mechanisms underlying these two distinct reactions.
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“The majority of patients (∼70%) reported marked re-experiencing symptoms and showed a substantial increase in heart rate during the script.”
From Dissociation and Alterations in Brain Function and Structure: Implications for Borderline Personality Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [57]
In the citing paper
“In a smaller patient group (∼30%), however, this heart rate increase was not observed—instead, these patients showed stronger activity in the medial frontal gyrus, anterior and medial cingulate, middle temporal gyri (BA38), precuneus, occipital areas, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), compared to a control group of traumatized persons who had not developed PTSD [57].”
From Dissociation and Alterations in Brain Function and Structure: Implications for Borderline Personality Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [57]
In the citing paper
“The VLPAG receives signals from deep somatic (muscle, joint) or visceral tissues via the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, from the parabrachial nucleus,25,94,95 and from the vagal sensory nucleus (the solitary track nucleus).28,96”
From Fear and the Defense Cascade (2015) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“These findings are consistent with previous reports of an absence of heart-rate increase in response to traumatic scripts among patients with PTSD and comorbid dissociative symptoms (Lanius et al., 2002), and of depressed skin conductance and heart rate when recalling a trauma among rape victims high in peri-traumatic dissociation (Griffin et al., 1997).”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Lanius et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“Further research by Lanius and colleagues (Lanius et al., 2002; Lanius et al., 2005; Lanius et al., 2006) employing trauma memory recall supports the idea of two different PTSD profiles”
From Trauma-related dissociation and the autonomic nervous system: a systematic literature review of psychophysiological correlates of dissociative experiencing in PTSD patients (2022) · cites this paper as Lanius et al., 2002
In the citing paper
“The initial pilot studies describing alternating physiological reactions to individualized trauma scripts in chronic PTSD patients (Lanius et al., 2001; Lanius et al., 2002) interpreted the data as supportive for two distinct subtypes ‘each representing unique pathways to chronic stress- related psychopathology’ (Lanius et al., 2006, p. 710).”
From Trauma-related dissociation and the autonomic nervous system: a systematic literature review of psychophysiological correlates of dissociative experiencing in PTSD patients (2022) · cites this paper as Lanius et al., 2002
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“In a functional MRI (fMRI) study of adults with PTSD who dissociated when exposed to trauma-related cues, however, there was an increased activation in the superior and middle temporal gyri and altered right temporal connectivity.(37,38) Another study of PTSD patients’ response to fearful faces also demonstrated an as…”
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“Functional imaging (PET and fMRI) revealed altered metabolism in the parietal lobe of combat veterans (Bremner et al., 1999a), in women with a history of abuse (Bremner et al., 1999b, 2004; Lanius et al., 2002), and in subjects exposed to severe trauma (Piefke et al., 2007).”
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“…has been associated with alterations in memory, attentional, psychophysiological and neurobiological functioning in experimental studies (e.g., DePrince & Freyd, 1999, 2001; Dorahy, McCusker, Loewenstein, Colbert, & Mulholland, 2006; Griffin, Resick, & Mechanic, 1997; Lanius et al., 2002).”
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“« déjà citée » (20), sur des femmes présentant un PTSD à la suite de traumatismes sexuels pourrait valider cette hypothèse : en effet, à l’audition d’un scénario de nature traumatique, elles n’ont pas de réaction électrodermale et leur rythme cardiaque n’augmente pas.”
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“This deficit affects the limbic system and causes a state of hypoarousal (Lanius et al., 2002).”
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“Neuroimaging studies show this to be a distinct subgroup as well, with heightened prefrontal cortical activity and reduced limbic activation in response to traumatic stimuli, whereas the majority with the hyperarousal type show reduced prefrontal and heightened limbic activity ( Lanius, Bluhm, Lanius, & Pain, 2006 ; L…”
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Non-Declarative Representational and Regulatory Systems in Alexithymia
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“Though findings do vary, neuroimaging studies of PTSD and alexithymia generally suggest similar right-lateralized and limbic neural activation patterns among the two groups (Berthoz et al., 2002; Frewen , Pain, Dozois, & Lanius, 2006; Frewen & Lanius, 2006b; Kano et al., 2003; Lanius et al., 2002).”
Cortical activation predicts posttraumatic improvement in youth treated with TF-CBT or CCT
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Script-driven imagery of socially salient autobiographical memories in major depressive disorder
Gillard, J., Werner‐Seidler, A., Dalgleish, T., & Stretton, J. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-41486-7 · Cited by 5
“For each memory, participants were asked to emphasize sensory details and visceral reactions as there is evidence that accessing these features enhances the emotive impact of the memories 22,23 .”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialHooper, A. L., Dorahy, M. J., Blampied, N. M., & Jordan, J. (2014) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0037303 · Cited by 7
“measure state dissociation because this measure has been used in a number of studies for this purpose (Bremner et al., 1998; Lanius et al., 2002; Bremner et al., 1999).”
MethodDecoding threat neurocircuitry representations during traumatic memory recall in PTSD
Morris, K. A., Jaeb, M. A., Dunsmoor, J. E., Stowe, Z. N., & Cisler, J. M. (2024) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-024-02028-5 · Cited by 6
“Most often, these imaging studies either modeled traumatic memory recall as very long blocks or instead substituted measures of activation with functional connectivity between different regions of interest [36, 37, 41].”
Strait, J. R. (2014) · Smith College Studies in Social Work · doi:10.1080/00377317.2014.923721 · Cited by 5
“Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research has supported this assertion, indicating that when patients are actively dissociating, it is predominately the right hemisphere of the brain that is activated (Lanius et al., 2002).”
BackgroundIffland, B., Eilers, R., Rosner, R., Renneberg, B., Steil, R., & Neuner, F. (2023) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2904 · Cited by 4
“Particularly, attenuated physiological reactivity in PTSD patients was associated with dissociative symptoms (Lanius et al., 2002; Sack et al., 2012), multiple incident traumatization (Cuthbert et al., 2003; McTeague et al., 2010), andearlydevelopmentaloccurrenceoftraumatization(D’Andreaetal.,…”
Carpenter, J. K., Pineles, S. L., Griffin, M. G., Pandey, S., Werner, K. B., Kecala, N. M., Resick, P. A., & Galovski, T. E. (2024) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104519 · Cited by 7
Lima, A. A., Fiszman, A., Portella, C. M., Almeida, Y. A., Salomão, F. P., Geoffroy, R. M. G., & Figueira, I. L. D. V. (2007) · Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) · doi:10.1590/s0101-60832007000300006 · Cited by 5
Lages, A. C., Nórte, C. E., Pedrozo, A. L., Gonçalves, R., Marques‐Portella, C., Souza, G. G. L., Mendonça-de-Souza, A. C. F., & Ventura, P. R. (2011) · Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul · doi:10.1590/s0101-81082011000100011 · Cited by 5
A Neurobiological Perspective of Mental Health Following Torture Trauma
Liddell, B. J., & Bryant, R. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97046-2_7 · Cited by 5
Memory and trauma: examining disruptions in implicit, explicit and autobiographical memory
Combs, M. D., & DePrince, A. P. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511777042.025 · Cited by 5
Elusive Illusions: Reality Judgment and Reality Assignment in Dreams and Waking Life
Blechner, M. J. (2005) · Neuropsychoanalysis · doi:10.1080/15294145.2005.10773477 · Cited by 5
“Interestingly, a study of dissociation in posttraumatic stress disorder (Lanius et al., 2002) also revealed higher levels of activation of the right anterior cingulate in patients who dissociated than in those who did not, suggesting a possible role of the anterior cingulate in shifting consciousness of reality toward…”
BackgroundInfluentialShalev, A. Y., Gilboa, A., & Rasmusson, A. M. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119998471.ch3 · Cited by 5
Zhang, L., Zheng, H., Li, L., Li, W., Zhang, Y., Hou, C., Li, Z., Zhou, J., He, Z., Liu, J., et al. (2011) · Asia-Pacific Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1758-5872.2011.00152.x · Cited by 5
“Activation of the precuneus was also reported in the dissociated PTSD group during memory recall versus implicit baseline (Lanius et al., 2002).”
BackgroundMaldonado, L. F. (2013) · Acceda (Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) · Cited by 4
Dissociation: An overlooked concern in military training and an important factor in suicide
Campbell, K. A. (2023) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2023.100351 · Cited by 4
Réus, G. Z., Abelaira, H. M., Coutellier, L. D., Manosso, L. M., & Pavlovic, Z. M. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87480-3_3 · Cited by 4
Geuze, E., Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M., Jochims, A., Bohus, M., Schmahl, C. G., & Westenberg, H. G. M. (2006) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1364.030 · Cited by 4
Vlerick, L., Peremans, K. Y., Dockx, R., Audenaert, K., Baeken, C., Saunders, J. H., & Polis, I. (2019) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.01.005 · Cited by 4
“(PTSD) have been associated with increased activity of the parietal and occipital cortex (Irle et al., 2007; Lanius et al., 2002; Simeon et al., 2000).”
BackgroundDissociation: a developmental psychoneurobiological perspective: review article
Panzer, A., & Viljoen, M. (2004) · African Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4314/ajpsy.v7i3.30168 · Cited by 6
“In commenting on the right lateralization of dissociation the authors speculate upon “the possibility that childhood trauma sets the stage for lateralized responses”.(13) Trauma authors are now asserting that if early trauma is experienced as “psychic catastrophe”(14), the survival mechanism of dissociation represents…”
BackgroundWalters, K. N. (2008) · Summit (Simon Fraser University) · Cited by 3
Neurobiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Carletto, S., Panero, M., Cavallo, M., & Pagani, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57231-0_11 · Cited by 3
Stem Cell Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Novel Therapeutic Approach
Gala, D., Gurusamy, V., Patel, K., Damodar, S., Swaminath, G., & Ullal, G. (2021) · Diseases · doi:10.3390/diseases9040077 · Cited by 4
“Reduced hippocampal/parahippocampal activity is also implicated, resulting in over-generalization of fear to non-threatening stimuli and inability to differentiate safe and threatening contexts [84, 85].”
BackgroundPriebe, K., & Schmahl, C. G. (2008) · Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie up2date · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1067345 · Cited by 3
Identifying Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Using Physiological Signals and Data Mining
da Ponte, L. A., Saade, D. C. M., de Carvalho, A. P., Alves, R. D. C. S., Portugal, L. C. L., Oliveira, L., & Pereira, M. G. (2020) · Proceedings - IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems · doi:10.1109/cbms49503.2020.00051 · Cited by 3
“…functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)) to analyze brain regions activations and reactions to traumatic events (e.g., dissociative and non-dissociative responses) of individuals with PTSD or others anxiety disorders, as in [10]–[13].”
BackgroundPsychotraumatismes majeurs: état de stress aigu et états de stress post-traumatique
Ferreri, F., Agbokou, C., Peretti, C.-S., & Ferreri, M. (2011) · Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Psychiatrie · doi:10.1016/s0246-1072(11)48126-8 · Cited by 3
Chung, Y., Kim, N. H., Kim, D., Bae, J. H., Kwon, J. S., Jang, J. H., Jung, W. H., Kim, S. H., Kim, J. K., Oh, D. H., et al. (2014) · 신경정신의학 · doi:10.4306/jknpa.2014.53.2.122 · Cited by 2
La négation du corps : à propos de trois observations concernant les délires de Jules Cotard
Leistedt, S., Coumans, N., Ladha, K., & Linkowski, P. (2009) · Annales Médico-psychologiques revue psychiatrique · doi:10.1016/j.amp.2007.11.018 · Cited by 3
Bipolar Affective Disorder and Dissociation
Hanstock, T. L. (2007) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/1534650106290400 · Cited by 3
“This may be because of disinhibition of frontal systems (Lanius et al., 2002).”
BackgroundLimbic system: Cingulate cortex
Clark, D. L., Boutros, N. N., & Mendez, M. F. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511776915.014 · Cited by 3
Anpassungsstörung, akute und posttraumatische Belastungsstörung
Kapfhammer, H. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03637-8_59 · Cited by 4
13 Neuropsychologie der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS)
Henning-Fast, K., & Markowitsch, H.-J. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-72340-0_13 · Cited by 3
Neurobiology and neuromodulation of emotion in PTSD
Beynel, L., Appelbaum, L. G., & Kimbrel, N. A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816022-0.00007-7 · Cited by 3
Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M., Lanius, R. A., & Bremner, J. D. (2008) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470699652.ch16 · Cited by 3
Self-citationNeurocircuitry of Anxiety Disorders
KENT, J. M., & Rauch, S. L. (2004) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/foc.2.3.402 · Cited by 3
Dissociation: a developmental psychoneurobiological perspective
Panzer, A., & Viljoen, M. (2004) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Lanius, R. A., Williamson, P. C., Boksman, K., Densmore, M., Gupta, M., Neufeld, R. W. J., Gati, J. S., & Menon, R. S.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Robarts Research Institute (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Lanius, Ruth A
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-08
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 305-311
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1966297906
- Cited by
- 505
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 23.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, dissociation, script-driven imagery, sexual abuse, brain activation, prefrontal cortex, limbic system, anterior cingulate cortex, temporal lobe, heart rate response
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Arousal, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Child Abuse, Child Abuse, Sexual, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Imagination, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Net, Mental Recall, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Temporal Lobe, Prefrontal Cortex
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