The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Age and gender effects on microglia and astrocyte numbers in brains of mice
Abstract
The morphological changes that occur during normal brain aging are not well understood. This study used modern stereology to assess the effects of age and gender on total numbers of astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampal formation in C57Bl/6NNIA (B6) mice. Astrocytes and microglia were visualized using immunocytochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and complement receptor 3 (Mac-1), respectively, and numbers of each cell type in dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 regions were estimated using the optical fractionator method. The results reveal significantly greater ( approximately 20%) numbers of microglia and astrocytes in aged females compared to young female B6 mice. We also report that on average female B6 mice have 25-40% more astrocytes and microglia in DG and CA1 regions than age-matched male C57Bl/6J mice. Since astrocytes and microglia are thought to be targets of gonadal hormones, the effects of sex hormones and reproductive aging may be responsible for these findings.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“On the contrary, aging has also been associated with an increase, rather than a decrease, in microglial population (Gebara et al, 2013;Mouton et al, 2002;Tremblay et al, 2012).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Mouton et al, 2002
Citations
Cites
West, M. J., Slomianka, L., & Gundersen, H. J. G. (1991) · The Anatomical Record · doi:10.1002/ar.1092310411 · Cited by 2,994
Life and Death of Neurons in the Aging Brain
Morrison, J. H., & Hof, P. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5337.412 · Cited by 1,344
Cytology & cellular pathology of the nervous system
Penfield, W. G. (1965) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,035
Finch, C. E., & Tanzi, R. E. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5337.407 · Cited by 485
Ameboid microglia as effectors of inflammation in the central nervous system
Giulian, D. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490180123 · Cited by 482
Interleukin-1 is an astroglial growth factor in the developing brain
Giulian, D., Young, D., Woodward, J., Brown, D. M., & Lachman, L. B. (1988) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.08-02-00709.1988 · Cited by 449
GFAP mRNA increases with age in rat and human brain
Nichols, N. R., Day, J. R., Laping, N. J., Johnson, S. A., & Finch, C. E. (1993) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(93)90100-p · Cited by 413
Principles and Practices of Unbiased Stereology: An Introduction for Bioscientists
Mouton, P. R. (2002) · Cited by 404
Self-citationAltered antigen expression of microglia in the aged rodent CNS
Perry, V. H., Matyszak, M. K., & Fearn, S. (1993) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440070111 · Cited by 364
Rozovsky, I., Finch, C. E., & Morgan, T. E. (1998) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00169-3 · Cited by 252
Microglial Expression of MHC Class II Increases in Normal Aging of Nonhuman Primates
Sheffield, L. G., & Berman, N. E. J. (1998) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00168-1 · Cited by 234
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: Regulation by Hormones, Cytokines, and Growth Factors
Laping, N. J., Teter, B., Nichols, N. R., Rozovsky, I., & Finch, C. E. (1994) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.1994.tb00841.x · Cited by 233
Landfield, P. W., Rose, G., Sandles, L., Wohlstadter, T. C., & LYNCH, G. S. (1977) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/32.1.3 · Cited by 221
Hippocampal neuron and synaptophysin-positive bouton number in aging C57BL/6 mice
Calhoun, M. E., Kurth, D., Phinney, A. L., Long, J. M., Hengemihle, J. M., Mouton, P. R., Ingram, D. K., & Jucker, M. (1998) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(98)00098-0 · Cited by 215
Self-citationPeptides released by ameboid microglia regulate astroglial proliferation.
Giulian, D., & Baker, T. J. (1985) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.101.6.2411 · Cited by 207
Absolute number and size of pigmented locus coeruleus neurons in young and aged individuals
Mouton, P. R., Pakkenberg, B., Gundersen, H. J. G., & Price, D. L. (1994) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/0891-0618(94)90028-0 · Cited by 189
Self-citationAge-related changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA in the mouse brain
Goss, J. R., Finch, C. E., & Morgan, D. G. (1991) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(91)90056-p · Cited by 170
Stereological analysis of astrocyte and microglia in aging mouse hippocampus
Long, J. M., Kalehua, A. N., Muth, N. J., Calhoun, M. E., Jucker, M., Hengemihle, J. M., Ingram, D. K., & Mouton, P. R. (1998) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(98)00088-8 · Cited by 163
Self-citationAn immunohistochemical quantification of fibrous astrocytes in the aging human cerebral cortex
Hansen, L. A., Armstrong, D. M., & Terry, R. D. (1987) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(87)90051-0 · Cited by 156
The concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein increases with age in the mouse and rat brain
O'Callaghan, J. P., & Miller, D. B. (1991) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(91)90057-q · Cited by 152
Increases of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the aging female mouse brain
Kohama, S. G., Goss, J. R., Finch, C. E., & McNeill, T. H. (1995) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(95)80008-f · Cited by 136
Cognitive decline strongly correlates with cortical atrophy in Alzheimer’s dementia
Mouton, P. R., Martin, L. J., Calhoun, M. E., Forno, G. D., & Price, D. L. (1998) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(98)00080-3 · Cited by 134
Self-citationUnbiased Estimation of Neuronal Numbers in the Human Nucleus Coeruleus during Aging
Ohm, T. G., Busch, C., & Bohl, J. R. E. (1997) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(97)00034-1 · Cited by 126
Image analysis of GFA-positive astrocytes from adolescence to senescence
Bj�rklund, H., Eriksdotter-Nilsson, M., Dahl, D. R., Rose, G., Hoffer, B. J., & Olson, L. (1985) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00238964 · Cited by 109
Lindsey, J. D., Landfield, P. W., & LYNCH, G. S. (1979) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/34.5.661 · Cited by 100
Correlation of glial proliferation with age in the mouse brain
Dalton, M. M., Hommes, O. R., & Leblond, C. P. (1968) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901340403 · Cited by 99
Hypertrophy of astroglial processes in the dentate gyrus of the senescent rat
Geinisman, Y., Bondareff, W., & Dodge, J. T. (1978) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1001530405 · Cited by 96
What Counts in Brain Aging? Design-Based Stereological Analysis of Cell Number
Long, J. M., Mouton, P. R., Jucker, M., & Ingram, D. K. (1999) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/54.10.b407 · Cited by 95
Self-citationIngram, D. K., & Jucker, M. (1999) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(99)00033-0 · Cited by 80
Self-citationEnhanced Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein RNA Response to Fornix Transection in Aged Mice
Goss, J. R., & Morgan, D. G. (1995) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64031351.x · Cited by 58
Total number of astrocytes in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus of rats at different ages.
Pilegaard, K., & Ladefoged, O. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 53
Glial fibrillary acidic protein mRNA increases at proestrus in the arcuate nucleus of mice
Kohama, S. G., Goss, J. R., McNeill, T. H., & Finch, C. E. (1995) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(94)11141-5 · Cited by 48
Advances in the study of age-related neuron loss
West, M. J. (1994) · Seminars in Neuroscience · doi:10.1006/smns.1994.1052 · Cited by 33
The absence of significant neuronal loss from cerebral cortex with age
Peters, A. (1993) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(93)90060-o · Cited by 19
Walker, L. C. (1994) · Seminars in Neuroscience · doi:10.1006/smns.1994.1049 · Cited by 6
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Hortega, 1932, Microglia, Vol. 2, 481
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Diffusion in Brain Extracellular Space
Syková, E., & Nicholson, C. (2008) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00027.2007 · Cited by 1,481
Human Hippocampal Neurogenesis Persists throughout Aging
Boldrini, M., Fulmore, C. A., Tartt, A. N., Simeon, L. R., Pavlova, I., Poposka, V., Rosoklija, G. B., Stankov, A., Arango, V., Dwork, A. J., et al. (2018) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.03.015 · Cited by 1,345
Microglial priming in neurodegenerative disease
Perry, V. H., & Holmes, C. (2014) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2014.38 · Cited by 1,127
Encinas, J. M., Michurina, T. V., Peunova, N. I., Park, J.-H., Tordo, J., Peterson, D. A., Fishell, G., Koulakov, A. A., & Enikolopov, G. (2011) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2011.03.010 · Cited by 918
Age-related myelin degradation burdens the clearance function of microglia during aging
Safaiyan, S., Kannaiyan, N., Snaidero, N., Brioschi, S., Biber, K., Yona, S., Edinger, A. L., Jung, S., Rossner, M. J., & Simons, M. (2016) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4325 · Cited by 604
Metadata
- Authors
- Mouton, P. R., Long, J. M., Lei, D.-L., Howard, V., Jucker, M., Calhoun, M. E., & Ingram, D. K.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Basel (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Mouton, Peter R
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 956
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-35
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059109913
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 4.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- brain aging, microglia, astrocytes, sex differences, age effects, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, CA1 region, glial fibrillary acidic protein, complement receptor 3, gonadal hormones, reproductive aging, C57BL/6 mice
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Count, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Hippocampus, Male, Sex Factors, Macrophage-1 Antigen, Microglia, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
